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Lab #4:
Newton’s Second Law
PHYS-UA11
Objective and Description
In this experiment, students are able to further their familiarity with the Capstone interface.
Object from previous experiments, such as the motion sensor, air track, glider, and weights were used
once again. In addition, students also used a force sensor, photogate sensor, smart pulley, and a picket
fence.
Through the use of these objects in three different parts, students are able to compare their
experimental values for acceleration to the theoretical one that can be calculated. In doing so, the validity
of Newton’s Second Law can be analyzed in a physical sense.
Theory
According to Newton’s second law of motion, an object’s acceleration is dependent upon the
mass of an object and the sum of all forces acting upon that mass, referred to as the net force. In other
words,
F=ma
This statement is further expanded to demonstrate that the only force acting on a falling object is
acceleration due to gravity.
a=g= 9.81m/s
2
Procedure
My partner and I followed the procedure fairly closely to that expressed in the write-up. In the
first part, it was helpful to attach an index card with tape to the bottom of the hanging mass to be moved
up and down. This enabled the motion sensor to get a more accurate read, since it does so based off sound
waves bouncing back towards it. In the second part of the experiment, I found it necessary to stop the
glider before it hit the end of the track while my partner simultaneously hit the stop button. If the glider
was allowed to hit the end of the track, this often resulting in the string coming loose from the pulley and
the hanging weight falling off the force sensor.
Data and Calculations
Section 3
Figure 1.
Analysis:
As demonstrated in previous experiments, velocity is the derivative of position and acceleration is the
derivative of velocity. This is further illustrated in this graph. When the velocity graph is at zero, the
position graph reaches a maximum or minimum value. At these instances, the position was changing from
getting closer to the sensor to further. In other words, this depicts when the direction we moved the weight
in changed. Then the acceleration graph is at zero, the force is also at zero. For the acceleration graph, this
aligns with a position where the velocity graph is at a maximum or minimum. It indicates that the velocity
went from a point of increasing to decreasing, or vice versa.
Section 4
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QUESTION 2
Problem
A new type of force was discovered by physicists with the following expression:
α
Fnew
+ Be* + 3x^
where alpha & beta are constants, and x is the position. The expression above was obtained from the interaction of a massless Higg
s Boson (a type of particle) and a black hole.
Quantum physicists then decides to design and build a machine that is able to move the Higgs Boson from x2 to x1. How much work
should the machine do to achieve this feat? (For simplicity, consider that no energy is lost in the process)
Solution
To determine the work done we apply the following
W =
Fx
dx
Evaluating the above, we get
W = aln
| x
beta
e X
3/5
5
for the limits from x¡ to xf
substituting x1 and x2 as the limits, the work done is expressed as
W =
| +
X1
e
( x15
x2 )
x2
MacBook Pro
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This is a practice questions for my class. What would this sketch look like? Help me figure it out
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Which of these is an example of high precision?
a. An archer hits the bulls-eyeb. A student correctly calculates the acceleration due to gravity to be 9.8ms2c. An archer hits the same spot on the target three times in a rowd. A student tries to throw a pencil into the garbage can and makes it ine. A student correctly calculates the mass of an object to be 54kg
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Styles
EXPERIMENT ONE
The
purpose
of this experiment is to use the given data to plot graphs and determine the
experimental values of the acceleration due to gravity.
A. The table below shows data taken in a free-fall experiment. Measurements were m
the distance fall (y) at each of four precisely measured times. Complete the table. F
off to same number of decimal places, even if you carry extra digits during your
intermediate calculations.
Time, t
(s)
(s-)
yı(m)
y2(m)
y3(m)
y4(m)
ys(m)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.28
0.25
0.75
2.6
3.2
2.8
2.5
3.1
2.84
0.5625
1.00
4.8
4.4
5.1
4.7
4.8
4.76
1.25
8.2
7.9
7.5
8.1
7,4
7.82
1.5625
1.50
cn寸|
1249
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a0 Whooo's Reading
CommonLit | My As...
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EXPERIMENT ONE
The purpose of this experiment is to use the given data to plot
graphs and determine the experimental values of the acceleration
due to gravity.
A. The table below shows data taken in a free-fall experiment.
Measurements were made of the distance fall (y) at each of
four precisely measured times. Complete the table. Round
off to same number of decimal places, even if you carry
extra digits during your intermediate calculations.
Time, ly,(m) y,(m)ly,(m)ly,(m)ly.(m)yt (s')
(s)
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00 Jo.00 0.00
0.50
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.5
0.75
2.6
1.00
4.8
8.2
3.2
2.8 2.5 3.1
4.4
5.1
4.7
4.8
1.25
7.9
7.5
8.1
7.4
B. The equation of motion for an object in free fall starting
from rest is y = ½ gt, where g is the acceleration due to
gravity. This is the equation of a parabola, which has the
general form y = ax². Convert the curve to a straight line by
plotting i versus t?. That is, plot the square of the time on
the horizontal axis. Determine the slope of the line and
compute the…
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Resolution of a Force into Its Components Fx and Fy on the Force Table
Given a force vector of F = 300 g-dynes at 40°, resolve the vector into its x and y components of Fx and Fy.
B1. Procedure: For simulation Simulation: https://www.desmos.com/calculator/v8aqlonljg
Use the same scale as Part 1a.
Procedure:
Adjust force value for F1
F2 = 0
F2= 0
F3 = 0
F3= 0
Click components: Use the values for F1x and F1y
F1x (g-dynes)=
F1y (g-dynes)=
Insert Picture
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a)For the ball rolling down lab, explain which variable was dependent variable (the one that is changed) which variable is the independent (the one that is measured0 and which variable is the control variable.
b) Explain how we measured the gravitational acceleration using an inclined plan?
c) Design an alternative experiment that uses change of angle as independent variable. Which variable is the dependent and which variable is the control variable
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You need to guide a robot from the red dot on the left to the green dot on the right, avoiding the blue
walls along the way.
units
To do this, you must feed it a series of commands of the form "turn degrees and move
forward". Angles are measured in degrees, with positive angles turning counterclockwise, and negative
angles turning clockwise. All turns are relative to the robot's current direction. The grid marks 1 unit
squares.
From the red starting dot, with the robot facing directly to the right, issue your commands: (all commands
should be given as decimal values)
Move 1: Turn
9
Move 2: Turn
Move 3: Turn
Move 4: Turn
degrees and move
degrees and move
degrees and move
degrees and move
units forward
units forward
units forward
units forward
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ragdrop/dd.php?testid%31745&assignment_id%3D44020090&strand%38717&element=735.
vs. Acceleration
k are some key terms and expressions associated with the categories seen in the Venn Diagram.
re details available when you click on them. Drag and drop each item onto the proper area of the c
= sure to place it in the overlapping space."
EM BANK: Move to Bottom
A rate of change
Can be positive or negative
Change in displacement over change in
Change in velocity over change in time
time
units m/s
units m/s
Velocity
Both
Acceleration
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Example
An experimental device imparts a force of magni-
tude F = 225 N to the front edge of the rim at A to
simulate the effect of a slam dunk. Determine the
900 mm
700 mm
F
moments of the force F about point O and about
point B. Finally, locate, from the base at 0, a point C
on the ground where the force imparts zero moment.
B
300 mm
3050 mm
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66/View
M Recibidos (1,308) -.
M Inbox (29) - kriver1...
OCengageBrain - Log...
Webex Mat 272
Citri
Objective
W
(2)
In this experiment you will calculate the power you
develop when climbing a flight of stairs.
The SI unit of power is a watt (W), which is equivalent
to a J/s.
Apparatus
When James Watt invented his steam engine, he was
asked how many horses the engine could replace. To
find out, he built a rope-and-pulley device with which
he could measure the time it took a horse to lift var-
ious weights.
Stairs, Stopwatch, Meter stick.
Theory
Consider the (rather crude) person climbing a flight Watt defined horsepower as the power a horse can
produce steadily for a sustained period of time. The
SI equivalent of one horsepower is 746W.
of stairs as shown below.
Procedure
1. Record your weight in lb on the Data Sheet; ap-
proximate if you do not know. Convert this to
N.
2. Take a stopwatch and meter stick and locate
Some stairs that can be used for the experiment.
You want to climb at…
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Which of these is an example of high accuracy?
a.) An archer hits the bulls-eye
b.) An archer hits the same spot on the target three times in a row
c.) A student repeatedly calculates the mass of an object to be 49 grams, when the true mass is 52 grams
d.) A student throws three pencils into the trash can, but misses and hits the window each time
e.) A student calculates the acceleration due to gravity to be 2ms2using three different methods
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Please check my work and answer part 3. This is an example question NOT HOMEWORK
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y-India's largest lear X
! Unacademy - India's largest
+
A unacademy.com/educator/doubts/solve?topic3DVKKVN
need help with this question
A neutron beam of initial kinetic energy E, is divided into two beams at point O by some
mechanism. Thereafter the beams proceed on the path OẶC and OBC without a phase change
at the corners A and B to interfere with each other at point C. Here OACB is a square of side I,
tilted at an angle 0 above the horizontal. Mass of the neutron is m, Planck's constant is h and
acceleration of free fall is g. the possible expression(s) for angle 0 at which a Maxima is
detected at C is/are
B
Horizontal
A
2hl /2mE, -h²
2m gl³
2hl/2mE,
2h
(A) sin
(B) sin-
m'gl
m°gl
6hl /2mE, -9h²
2m gl
2hl/2mE, -h²
2m gl
(C) sin
(D) tan
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Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)
Student Engagement (SE) Think-Pair-Share
Solve the problem.
1. You are working as an expert witness for the defense of a container ship captain whose
ship ran into a reef surrounding an island. The captain is being charged with intentionally
running the ship into the reef. In discovery, the following information is correct: The ship
was traveling at 2.5 m/s toward the reef when a mechanical failure caused the rudder to
jam in the straight-ahead position. At that point in time, the ship was 900 m from the
reef. The wind was blowing directly toward the reef and exerting a constant force of 9.00
x 10³ N on the boat in a direction toward the reef. The mass of the ship and its cargo was
5.50 x 107 kg. During the preparation for the trial, the captain claims that without control
of the direction of travel, the only choice he had was to put the engines in reverse at
maximum power, such that the total force exerted by the frictional drag force of…
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Please good handwriting and clear ideas explaining the process!
4C
Solve the highlighted question , if possible help me with the rest!
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ne
394/quizzes/941091/take
Assume an ideal apparatus and refer to this diagram for the next two questions.
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Answer what is asked. Take your time to answer, will give you thumbs up. You may draw to further explain the solution. Thank you
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part c and d for physics 250
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Keeping the total mass constant
1. Look at the data: as the net force increased, what happened to the acceleration? Did it increase, decrease or stay constant?
2. Did a change in the net force produce a change in acceleration by the same factor? Do your results agree with Newton’s 2nd Law?
3. Make a plot of Net Force vs. Experimental Acceleration and draw the best fitting line.
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X
Y
show all your steps and write your final answers in a sentence.
Please use g = 9.80 for each of these questions to increase precision.
Therefore all answers will have 3 significant digits.
There is no friction.
The mass of X is 7.34 kg and the mass of Y is 1.82 kg.
The incline of the ramp is 44.7 degrees.
a) Calculate the acceleration of the system. Include the direction.
b) Calculate the tension in the rope connecting the X and Y blocks.
c) Calculate the new mass of block Y, keeping block X the same, that acceleration is zero.
d) If there was friction, then there would be a range of masses block Y can be,such that the
acceleration would be zero, not just one number.
Explain why this is the case.
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The 47-kg boy is sliding down the smooth spiral slide
such that his z coordinate decreases 2 m per turn of
the spiral and his speed is 2 m/s. Neglect the size of
the boy. (Figure 1)
Figure
Z
r = 1.5 m
Part A
transcript Determine the r, 0, z components of force the slide exerts on him at
this instant.
Express your answers using three significant figures separated by commas.
F₁, F₂ =
Submit
Provide Feedback
ΨΕ ΑΣΦ Η VE
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BE
?
N
Next >
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Prof. K. lives on a steep hill and wants to conduct a Dynamics experiment with her car. She starts
function of velocity and is described by the equation a = 3.22 - 0.04v² where v is the velocity of her
car in ft/sec. Help Prof. K. predict the velocity of her car at the bottom of the grade in mph.
from rest at the top of the hill and releases the brakes. Her acceleration down the grade is a
600'
B
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How do the values of µs compare to the values of µk? (Of course, you can only compare them for the same pairs of materials.)
Is the relationship between µs and µk what you expected? Explain.
What are three reasons why friction is needed?
Does the coefficient of friction change with mass?
How can we reduce friction?
What would happen if there was no friction?
Does frictional force depend on mass?
What are 3 factors that affect friction?
Is friction affected by surface area?
Can humans live without friction?
Why is the coefficient of friction less than 1? Explain.
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SEE MORE QUESTIONS
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Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- M Gmail O YouTube A Maps O RCAP QUESTION 2 Problem A new type of force was discovered by physicists with the following expression: α Fnew + Be* + 3x^ where alpha & beta are constants, and x is the position. The expression above was obtained from the interaction of a massless Higg s Boson (a type of particle) and a black hole. Quantum physicists then decides to design and build a machine that is able to move the Higgs Boson from x2 to x1. How much work should the machine do to achieve this feat? (For simplicity, consider that no energy is lost in the process) Solution To determine the work done we apply the following W = Fx dx Evaluating the above, we get W = aln | x beta e X 3/5 5 for the limits from x¡ to xf substituting x1 and x2 as the limits, the work done is expressed as W = | + X1 e ( x15 x2 ) x2 MacBook Proarrow_forwardThis is a practice questions for my class. What would this sketch look like? Help me figure it outarrow_forwardWhich of these is an example of high precision? a. An archer hits the bulls-eyeb. A student correctly calculates the acceleration due to gravity to be 9.8ms2c. An archer hits the same spot on the target three times in a rowd. A student tries to throw a pencil into the garbage can and makes it ine. A student correctly calculates the mass of an object to be 54kgarrow_forward
- Layout ReferenceS Matlings Review View Help " Aa▼ | Ao|:、三、、|E T AaBbCcl AaBbC AaBbCcI AABBCCD =|三|.。 Emphasis Heading 1 I Normal Subtitle Paragraph Styles EXPERIMENT ONE The purpose of this experiment is to use the given data to plot graphs and determine the experimental values of the acceleration due to gravity. A. The table below shows data taken in a free-fall experiment. Measurements were m the distance fall (y) at each of four precisely measured times. Complete the table. F off to same number of decimal places, even if you carry extra digits during your intermediate calculations. Time, t (s) (s-) yı(m) y2(m) y3(m) y4(m) ys(m) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.28 0.25 0.75 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 3.1 2.84 0.5625 1.00 4.8 4.4 5.1 4.7 4.8 4.76 1.25 8.2 7.9 7.5 8.1 7,4 7.82 1.5625 1.50 cn寸| 1249arrow_forwardResolution of a Force into Its Components Fx and Fy on the Force Table Given a force vector of F = 300 g-dynes at 40°, resolve the vector into its x and y components of Fx and Fy. B1. Procedure: For simulation Simulation: https://www.desmos.com/calculator/v8aqlonljg Use the same scale as Part 1a. Procedure: Adjust force value for F1 F2 = 0 F2= 0 F3 = 0 F3= 0 Click components: Use the values for F1x and F1y F1x (g-dynes)= F1y (g-dynes)= Insert Picturearrow_forwarda)For the ball rolling down lab, explain which variable was dependent variable (the one that is changed) which variable is the independent (the one that is measured0 and which variable is the control variable. b) Explain how we measured the gravitational acceleration using an inclined plan? c) Design an alternative experiment that uses change of angle as independent variable. Which variable is the dependent and which variable is the control variablearrow_forwardYou need to guide a robot from the red dot on the left to the green dot on the right, avoiding the blue walls along the way. units To do this, you must feed it a series of commands of the form "turn degrees and move forward". Angles are measured in degrees, with positive angles turning counterclockwise, and negative angles turning clockwise. All turns are relative to the robot's current direction. The grid marks 1 unit squares. From the red starting dot, with the robot facing directly to the right, issue your commands: (all commands should be given as decimal values) Move 1: Turn 9 Move 2: Turn Move 3: Turn Move 4: Turn degrees and move degrees and move degrees and move degrees and move units forward units forward units forward units forwardarrow_forwardragdrop/dd.php?testid%31745&assignment_id%3D44020090&strand%38717&element=735. vs. Acceleration k are some key terms and expressions associated with the categories seen in the Venn Diagram. re details available when you click on them. Drag and drop each item onto the proper area of the c = sure to place it in the overlapping space." EM BANK: Move to Bottom A rate of change Can be positive or negative Change in displacement over change in Change in velocity over change in time time units m/s units m/s Velocity Both Accelerationarrow_forwardExample An experimental device imparts a force of magni- tude F = 225 N to the front edge of the rim at A to simulate the effect of a slam dunk. Determine the 900 mm 700 mm F moments of the force F about point O and about point B. Finally, locate, from the base at 0, a point C on the ground where the force imparts zero moment. B 300 mm 3050 mmarrow_forward66/View M Recibidos (1,308) -. M Inbox (29) - kriver1... OCengageBrain - Log... Webex Mat 272 Citri Objective W (2) In this experiment you will calculate the power you develop when climbing a flight of stairs. The SI unit of power is a watt (W), which is equivalent to a J/s. Apparatus When James Watt invented his steam engine, he was asked how many horses the engine could replace. To find out, he built a rope-and-pulley device with which he could measure the time it took a horse to lift var- ious weights. Stairs, Stopwatch, Meter stick. Theory Consider the (rather crude) person climbing a flight Watt defined horsepower as the power a horse can produce steadily for a sustained period of time. The SI equivalent of one horsepower is 746W. of stairs as shown below. Procedure 1. Record your weight in lb on the Data Sheet; ap- proximate if you do not know. Convert this to N. 2. Take a stopwatch and meter stick and locate Some stairs that can be used for the experiment. You want to climb at…arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning