1616168217351_POS 2041 Assessment Four
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2041
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Political Science
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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1
Jeniffer Palomino
POS 2041
POS 2041 Assessment Four
Question 1
President Joe Biden assumed office on January 20th, and after a month and few days into
his regime. The President authorized his first military attack on Iranian militia groups based in
Syria. Sources from the White House attributed the attack to self-defense and as a warning
against Iran’s persistence support of militia. The authorized attack was directed as a
facility/infrastructure situated in Eastern Syria used by non-state militia groups, Iran-supported
(Goodman, 2021). While the United States has justified its actions for launching the attack, there
are critics from Iran, Syria, and other foreign nations that have raised questions regarding the
legal basis of Biden’s authorization to carry out the strike.
The justification of the United States launching attack ties on the charges that the Biden
administration is holding against the Syrian-based Iranian militia for their threat. In February, the
US government claimed that the group launched a rocket attack in northern Iraq that wounded
American troops and killed a civilian contractor (Goodman, 2021). Therefore, the US
government maintains that the strike should be considered a retaliatory attack that is perfectly
legal despite facing numerous oppositions. The US further justifies its attack by citing that its
U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Linda Thomas-Greenfield drafted a letter to the United
Nation Security Council stating that the US acted in self-defense with what the U.N. Charter
stipulates.
The United States received a negative response from Iran. The attack involved Iranian
militias considering the attack comes slightly over a year after the killing of Qassem Soleimani,
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an Iranian General, in January 2020. The Iranian government claimed that the militia group's
attack was proportionate to the initial attack on the General, which appeared to have violated the
requirements under the international law that a military force that is taken in self-defense should
be proportional (BBC News, 2021). The US, through its Pentagon Press Secretary, responded to
the claims by stating that the strike only meant to punish the militias and was not meant to
escalate any tensions with Iran since the US is already seeking to renew the talks about the
nuclear deal that was abandoned by the former President Donald Trump.
Equally, a Syrian Observatory for the Human Rights, a United Kingdom monitoring
group, condemned the attack. The Syrian group claims that the United States killed at least 22
fighters from a known mobilization force, an Iraqi umbrella group composed of Shia
paramilitaries that comprises Kataib Hezbollah (BBC News, 2021). While these allegations
could not be verified, Syrian President Bashar Assad did not give any response. However, the
United States strike appeared to have killed some men who helped the Syrian government fight
against an Islamic State group.
Question 3
The World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are
two organizations with around 150 members. While the WTO primary focuses on international
trading systems and the IMF centers on the international monetary and financial systems, the two
work closely to guarantee a sound system for global trade and payments. One thing in common
between the WTO and IMF is that the United States helped create and lead these organizations
since an economic engagement with the rest of the world remains a significant role in the United
States economic restoration (Johnson, 2020). Therefore, the United States government must
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participate effectively in promoting the two organizations and other multi-lateral trade rapport to
improve its relationship with the entire world.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established in the aftermath of the Great
Depression to ensure that it encourages stability in global financial markets. The United States
should be at the forefront of promoting the entity since nearly all nations are members of the
organization. Still, the United States accounts as the most significant cumulative contributor to
the organization at $155 billion. Besides, the United States tops as the largest voting bloc in
matters to do with the organization, holding adequate veto power for numerous decisions
(Johnson, 2020). Ever since the IMF's support following the 2008 financial crisis, the United
States remains at the forefront of surveillance. Lending and technical assistance of the
organization contributing to good multi-lateral trade relationship all over the world.
Conversely, United States membership and support for the World Trade Organization
(WTO) has experienced pressures and frustration in the recent past. China “economic
imperialism,” hyper globalization, and ostensibly broken world trading systems have provoked
tough calls for the US to withdraw from the World Trade Organization (Johnson, 2020).
However, such a move would have disastrous implications if the nation decides to exit from the
organization. In case the United States decides to pull out of the organization that it played a role
in building, the consequences would be so terrible as it will be a disadvantage on the United
States multi-lateral trade relationships with other countries in the organization.
Failing to promote and participate in both the World Trade Organization and International
Monetary Fund will result in the United States being discriminated against for the United States
goods and services with no restrictions. Aspects such as tariffs would almost definitely rise, and
the export market would end up shrinking (Johnson, 2020). In the meantime, other countries
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