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- As an illustration, a patient undergoing a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) procedure under general anesthesia might be happier not to know the numbers of portals of entry for potential transmission of pathogenic microbes to which she will be subjected. The anesthesia provider would be accessing the patients airway and vascular system by an IV line. Which portals of entry will the surgeon be accessing?4. Figure 1 (see next page) depicts the timeline of Sammy's chlamydia infection. Each panel of the figure represents a blood sample, showing a stain of the chlamydia bacteria. The red dots indicate the initial chlamydia bacteria, and the yellow dots indicate the mutated chlamydia bacteria. Provide detailed captions for the images under the titles, specifically indicating how the bacteria population changed over time. "The Fight Against Bacteria" by Jessie M. Garcia Page 3 NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE Figure 1a. Initial chlamydia infection. Figure 1b. Three days into the doxycycline treatment. Figure 1c. Sammy stops taking her antibiotic pills. Figure 1d. One week after the doxycycline treatment. Figure 1e. Two weeks after the doxycycline treatment.various bacteria are normally present in most of our body system. These "good" bacteria are essential for maintaining health. Describe two risks and two benefits of using antibacterial creams to cure vaginal infections
- 1. A patient feels sick and gets the following symptoms: fever, severe cough, sore throat and sneezing. (a) If this is a suspected case of bacterial infection, suggest the type of specimen that should be collected from the patient and a staining technique that can be used for identification of the pathogen. Based on the above symptoms, suggest the most possible causing organism. (b) Sore throat symptom is one the possible results of second line of defense. Which type of second line defense is involved? State the three stages of this second line defense. (c) Describe the three possible ways that this pathogen can be transmitted from person to person and suggest one preventive measure against this infection.serology (elisa) lab: If the sample gave a negative result for the disease-causing agent, does this mean that you do not have the disease? What reasons could there be for a negative result when you actually do have the disease?6. You are assisting your client Mrs. X with her morning bath. You know that your client started antibiotics two days ago for a urinary tract infection. During the bath, you notice a red raised rash all over her body. The client states that the areas are itchy. The PSW should: a) Put some moisturizing cream on the affected skin b) Report the rash immediately to his/her supervisor c) Tell the client to make certain they go to their next doctor's appointment d) Ignore the rash for now but document your observation before you leave
- A 65 year old patient undergoes a hernia repair surgery. He receives a polypropylene mesh implant that prevents hernia recurrence. The healing goes well, but four weeks after the surgery he develops fever and sense of discomfort at the surgery site. On a physical examination, there is skin redness and fluctuating mass (palpable mass filled with fluid) around the incision. The doctor suspects that mesh got infected and plans mesh removal surgery. 1) Describe the sequence of local events during wound healing after the implantation of the mesh. For each of the stages of the wound healing process, specify cells that are involved, their role(s), signal molecules that are involved, and their roles.A 65 year old patient undergoes a hernia repair surgery. He receives a polypropylene mesh implant that prevents hernia recurrence. The healing goes well, but four weeks after the surgery he develops fever and sense of discomfort at the surgery site. On a physical examination, there is skin redness and fluctuating mass (palpable mass filled with fluid) around the incision. The doctor suspects that mesh got infected and plans mesh removal surgery. 1) Describe the sequence of local events during wound healing after the implantation of the mesh. For each of the stages of the wound healing process, specify cells that are involved, their role(s), signal molecules that are involved, and their roles. 2) Which pathogen most likely caused the infection? 3) After initiation of antibiotic treatment, the symptoms are resolved in two days and the patient stops taking antibiotic against the doctor's advise. Two weeks later, the mesh is removed and analyzed. It is found that a small area of the mesh…3. Draw and explain the procedure for staining a blood smear.
- The presence of Aspergillus flavus in an immunocompromised patient is cause for great concern for the medical team. What term is used for an infection caused by a pathogen which affects patients who are already weakened, but not healthy persons ?SITUATION: A 70-year-old retired welder who is a heavy smoker arrives to the emergency room suffering from fever and shortness of breath for the last three days. He is also suffering from cough with rust-colored sputum. The chest X-ray result reveals involvement in the left lower lobe of his lungs. The Gram staining results from his sputum and blood which were cultured indicates the presence of gram-positive streptococci. He was checked into a hospital and placed on penicillin. Two days later the patient’s health improved. a. What organism is responsible for the patient’s infection?b. Why is the patient at high risk for becoming infected with bacterial organisms?c. How could the patient likely have prevented contracting the disease?d. If the sputum and blood samples are plated on blood agar, what type of hemolytic reaction should be seen?1.What is the difference between the CNS and the PNS? 2.The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems: Functions and Structure 3.Septicemia, sepsis, lymphangitis, and septic shock are all terms that have been defined. 4.Definition of endotoxic shock in Gram-negative sepsis 5.Toxic shock syndrome, pathogens, and pathogenesis of Gram-positive sepsis