During the class, we examined the evolution of frog species. After the construction of a highway, at year 5000 (L12&13 Species Concepts and Speciation in class, Slide 34), the population at the right side of the highway and the population at the left side of the highway evolved into two new species. What mode of speciation-- allopatric or sympatric--led to these two frog species? Provide your reasoning making reference to the information that you know about these organisms.
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- Males of different species of the fruit fly Drosophilathat live in the same parts of the Hawaiian Islandshave different elaborate courtship rituals. These rituals involvefighting other males and making stylized movements thatattract females. What type of reproductive isolation does thisrepresent?(A) habitat isolation(B) temporal isolation(C) behavioral isolation(D) gametic isolationA) Differentiate allopatric speciation and sympatricspeciation. Which type of speciation is more common andwhy? B) Is allopatric speciation more likely to occur inDumaran Island close to the main island of Palawan oron a more isolated island which is Culion Island of almostthe same size? Explain your prediction.Which of the following factors would not contribute toallopatric speciation?(A) The separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.(B) The isolated population is exposed to different selectionpressures than the ancestral population.(C) Different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools ofthe separated populations.(D) Gene flow between the two populations is extensive.
- The Abert and the Kaibab species of squirrels live on opposite ends of the Grand Canyon. Physically they are very similar to each other, which leads scientist to think that when the Grand Canyon was shallower (millions of years ago) the populations use to have genetic contact (sexual reproduction). In present day, they are completely isolated from each other. When tested the Abert and Kaibab squirrels cannot produce a fertile offspring. This is an example of ___ speciation. [Fill in the blank]South America North America Pacific Panama Caribbean Panama The cladogram above illustrates the relationships between four hypothetical species of oysters found along the coasts of western North America, western South America, and western (Pacific) and eastern (Caribbean) Panama. Use this tree to answer the following question. The two species from Panama are separated from one another by the Isthmus of Panama, the narrow land bridge connecting North and South America, which formed approximately 2.5 million years ago. Given the cladogram and the geographic information, is it likely that the Panamanian species arose through allopatric speciation? O No. While the Isthmus of Panama prevents gene flow between the two Panamanian oyster species, it has been a very long time since this barrier (the isthmus) formed. Yes, because the Caribbean Panamanian species is not related to any other oysters east of the Isthmus of Panama, but it is closely related to the Pacific Panamanian species nonian…Suppose the phylogenetic species concept (PSC) were preferred over other species concepts, such as the BSC. What would be the implications for (a) discourse on the evolutionary mechanisms of speciation; (b) studies of species diversity in ecological communities; (c) estimates of species diversity on a worldwide basis; and (d) conservation practices under such legal frameworks as the U.S. Endangered Species Act?
- According to sympatric, allopatric and parapatric speciation, which is considered the (far) more common mechanism of species formation? (500 words min)n of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree tion: Lizards in an evolutionary tree. Laylinn molinar Per 3_ In what environment is long leg length an advantage for a lizard? e) Why have anoles evolved different toe pads? 3) Does evolution happen quickly or slowly? Does it happen at the leve population? 4) Why is a change in dewlap considered an important step in the forma 5) What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?Indicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Allopatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] The two groups develop reproductive isolating mechanisms so that they no longer interbreed. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. The two separate groups adapt to their new environments. Some sort of physical barrier develops to split the once contiguous population(s) into two separate groups If they come back together, any hybrids formed are less fit.
- Name: Date: Galapagos Finch Evolution (HHMI Biointeractive) - https://voutu be/mcM23M-CCog ~16 minutes 1. What is the "mystery of mysteries? 2. The Grants' study on the island of Daphne Major studied what organisms? 3. Where did the 13 species of finches on the islands come from? 4. How did the Grants catch the finches? 5. What features did they measure? 6. What happened in 1977 to the island? 7. What type of birds were more likely to survive after this event? 8. After the El Nino event in 1983, which birds were more likely to survive? 9. What keeps different species from mating on the Galapagos islands? 10. The most likely scenario explaining the different finches on the islands is that: a) different birds migrated to different islands b) one species evolved into many different species 11. Examine the graph below. Summarize what happened to the finch population between 1976 and 1978. 30 1976 Offspring 25- 20- 15- 10- 5- 7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3 40 1978 Offspring 30- 20-…We have learned two geographical speciation modes - allopatric and sympatric. The example of frogs developed into two species at year 2500, right and left. Explain which geographic speciation mode led to these two species. Provide your reasoning using the information we learned from the class. *** (Picture is in my lecture slides):Below is a cartoon depicting various geological events, starting with one large island (panel 1) and ending with four smaller islands sequentially splitting off from each other (panels 2 to 5). Initially, there was only Species A inhabiting on the big island. However, as time went on, more species evolved on these smaller islands, such that at the current time (panel 5), there are five species. Their phylogenetic relationships are shown on the last panel. 1 2 evelves into B specien 3 4 velves D] volres nto A 5. 2 A Based on the history depicted, MOST of these speciation events are likely mediated through? the sympatric speciation process the reinforcement process the dispersal and colonization process the vicariance process the hybridization process