Fatty acid synthesis requires the activation of acetyl CoA tomalonyl CoA. However, its condensation with a fatty acyl ACPresults in the addition of only its two carbons. What is thethermodynamic advantage of the activation reaction?. The condensing enzyme requires a 3-carbon compound assubstrate.Cleavage of CO2 from malonyl CoA provides the energy toallow for condensation to occur.It is the activate form of the two carbon acetyl CoAnecessary for condensation.It makes malonyl CoA unstable.The reaction is a reversal of the 2-oxidation which is aspontaneous process.

Fatty acids are broken down to acetyl Co-A and the precursor for the fatty acid synthesis is acetyl…

Answered: Fatty acid synthesis requires the…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter23: Fatty Acid Catabolism

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16P: Extending the Mechanism of Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase to Similar Reactions Based on the mechanism for...

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Similar questions

Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved residues in slightly different positions can change the catalytic rate of reaction.
Extending the Mechanism of Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase to Similar Reactions Based on the mechanism for the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (see problem 14), write reasonable mechanisms for the following reactions shown.
Fatty acids are activated for breakdown through the action of acyl-CoA synthestase. Which of the following statements regarding acyl-CoA synthetase is not true? ● It catalyzes the addition of CoA to the fatty acid One of the products of the reaction is ADP. O The free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by this reaction is close to 0 kJ/mol, but the subsequent hydrolysis of pyrophosphate drives the reaction forward. O The reaction results in the formation of a thioester bond.
Arrange the steps of breakdown of oleic acid (pictured below) in the correct order. 1 2 3 4 5 activation by acyl-CoAsynthe ✓ [Choose ] one cycle ofß-oxidationbeginning at the enoyl-CoAhydratasestep three cycles ofẞ-oxidation five cycles ofß-oxidation activation by acyl-CoAsynthetase enoyl-CoAisomeraseactivity enoyl-CoAisomeraseactivity V one cycle ofß-oxidationbegini V five cycles ofß-oxidation OH
Draw the product of the reaction of acetyl CoA with CO2 catalyzed by acetyl CoA carboxylase in the first committed step of fatty acid synthesis. Provide the structure in the protonation state found in physiological conditions. Drawing SCOA Q acetyl-COA carboxylase biotin cofactor HCO3, ATP ADP, Pi, H*
All of the following are accurate contrasts for beta oxidation vs fatty acid synthesis except which of the following statements? Group of answer choices The hydroxylacyl group differs in stereochemistry between beta oxidation and biosynthesis CoA is the acyl carrier group in beta oxidation, acyl carrier protein is the carrier in biosynthesis The carbon unit resulting from beta oxidation is acetyl-CoA, the carbon unit for biosynthesis is malonyl-CoA FAD is an electron acceptor in beta oxidation, NADP+ is the electron acceptor in biosynthesis
A biological Claisen reaction occurs in the conversion of two acetyl CoA molecules to one acetoacetyl CoA. Analyze each step of the incomplete mechanism and add the missing curved arrows. The base is abbreviated as B: in the mechanism.
Show the structure of each intermediate in the conversion of b-hydroxybutyryl-ACP to butyryl-ACP by the fatty acid synthetase complex. Show where cofactors participate. In your first intermediate, circle the carbon atoms derived from malonyl-CoA.
Thiolase is homologous in structure to the condensing enzyme. On the basis of this observation, propose a mechanism for the cleavage of 3-ketoacyl CoA by CoA.
(i) Consider a preparation that contains all the enzymes and cofactors necessary for fatty acid biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. If [2-H] acetyl-CoA labeled with deuterium, the heavy isotope of hydrogen and excess of unlabeled malonyl-CoA are added as substrates, where will you find these labeled deuterium atoms in a molecule of palmitate synthesized? Explain. S-COA (ii) Describe the steps involved in the synthesis of palmitic acid starting from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA.
Fatty acid biosynthesis begins with the condensation of a two-carbon acetyl residue from acetyl-COA and oxaloacetate, while oxidation leads to the release of two carbon units, acetyl-CoA and fatty acyl-CoA. However, these two processes are not simple reversal. Compare and contrast these two pathways.
Cholesterol synthesis and ketogenesis share the first few reactions after which the pathways deviate. Provide a schematic presentation showing the production of ketone bodies from acetyl-CoA and where cholesterol synthesis deviates from this pathway (first intermediate that differs between the two pathways).

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