Market (inverse) demand for measles vaccine is given by P= 100-20. Market (inverse) supply for measles vaccine is given by P=10+0.50. Here, P is the un price of measles vaccine and Q denotes quantity. Suppose there are positive externalities from consuming measles vaccines, Marginal extemal benefit is given MEB=0.50. Then, social marginal benefit (SMB) is SMB = "Q
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- The coronavirus pandemic has drawn attention to the importance of vaccinations (and other health care services) for promoting public health and well-being. Draw a supply and demand graph for vaccines that shows a private (individual) market demand curve for vaccines (D) that obeys the law of demand and a market supply curve (S) for vaccines that obeys the law of supply. Label the equilibrium price (P) and quantity (Q) of vaccines produced in the free market.Which of these is a positive externality? After measles vaccinations increase by 20%, the number of cases of measles falls by 35%. After a large stadium is built in a neighborhood, homeowner property values in the neighborhood fall because of noise and traffic. After the price of dental care decreases, more people can afford regular dental check-ups. Researchers develop a new drug that effectively treats a terminal disease that previously had no cure.Historically, vaccinations have prevented the spread of certain diseases such as chicken pox or meningitis. What type of externality takes place with the consumption of such vaccines. Explain with words and a graph.
- Suppose that a vaccine is developed for a highly contagious strain of flu. The likelihood that anyone will get this flu decreases as more people receive the vaccine. One of the demand curves below represents the private demand for the vaccine and the other represents the social demand for the vaccine. Price (5/dose) 110T 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 Quantity (doses/day) The total social benefit of 75 doses is: D1 02The market inverse supply curve for amoxicillin, an antibiotic with lots of generics, isrepresented by the equation P = 3 + 0.0006QS. The market demand curve is represented byQD = 187,500 − 625P.It is well known that antibiotic use generates negative externalities. How might thegovernment restrict the use of antibiotics? Show this on a demand-supply graph. Thendiscuss a potential unintended consequence of the government’s intervention.Save The market price of insecticide is initially $10 per unit. To address a negative externality in this market, the government decides to charge producers of insecticide for the privilege of polluting during the production K process. A fee that fully takes into account the social costs of pollution is determined, and once it is put into effect, the market supply curve for insecticide shifts upward by $8 per unit. The market price of insecticide also increases, to $12 per unit. What fee is the government charging insecticide manufacturers? $ (Enter a numeric response using an integer.)
- Show the market for cigarettes in equilibrium, assuming that there are no laws banning smoking in public. Label the equilibrium private market price and quantity as Pm and Qm. Add whatever is needed to the model to show the impact of the negative externality from second-hand smoking. (Hint: In this case it is the consumers, not the sellers, who are creating the negative externality.) Label the social optimal output and price as Pe and Qe. On the graph, shade in the deadweight loss at the market output.There are two consumers of mosquito abatement (a public good), Dave and Lilly. Dave’s benefit from mosquito abatement is given by ??? = 100 − ?, where Q is the quantity of mosquito abatement. Lilly’s benefit is given by ??? = 60 − ?.a. Calculate the total marginal benefit, ???.b. Suppose that mosquito abatement can be provided at a marginal cost of ?? = 2?. Find the socially optimal level of abatement. c. If mosquito abatement is privately supplied, what quantity will be supplied by Dave, and what quantity will be supplied by Lilly? Briefly explain.The figure to the right shows the market for one-bedroom apartments in Calgary. If this market is initially unregulated, thousand units will rent for a price of $ per month. Suppose however, the city imposes the controlled price shown in the figure. In this case, in the short run, the market experiences an excess thousand units. In the long run, if the controlled price remains in place, the market will show a of thousand units. This analysis indicates that as time passes, rent controls will cause housing shortages to Rental Price ($ per month) 945 645 520 Rental Housing Market Sshort run Slong run Controlled Price 18 38 45 Quantity of Rental Units (Thousands) D ✔
- Problems and Applications Consider two types of cars: gasoline-powered cars and electric cars. Because conventional gasoline-powered cars burn fuel during their operation, people who drive gasoline-powered cars impose a externality on the society. A policy implication of this result is a those who drive gasoline-powered cars. Because electric cars help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, people who drive electric cars impose a externality on the society. A policy implication of this result is a those who drive electric cars.MC Qu. 04-173 Refer to the provided graph. Suppose... Price 0 Quantity S Refer to the provided graph. Suppose consumers do not fully appreciate the benefits of the product whose market is shown in the graph. If an external agency is able to provide full information to consumers about the benefits of the product, thenQUESTION 6 Market (inverse) demand for measles vaccine is given by P= 100-20. Market (inverse) supply for measles vaccine is given by P= 10 +0.50. Here, Pis the unit price of measles vaccine and Q denotes quantity. Suppose there are positive externalities from consuming measles vaccines. Marginal external benefit is given by MEB=0.5Q. The size of deadweight loss from the market equilibrium is 0.5x( 310.5x