Each of the observations in the following list was made on a different solution. Given the observations, state which ion studied in this experiment is present. If the test is not definitive, indicate that with a question mark.
A. Addition of
Ion present:
B. Addition
Ion present:
C. Addition of
Ion present:
D. Addition of
Ion present:
E. Addition of
Ion present:
F. Addition of
Ion present:
(a)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: The addition of 6 M NaOH and Al to the solution produces a vapor that turns red litmus blue.
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Nitrate ion (
Explanation of Solution
This test is known as Devarda’s test and is given by nitrate ions (
In this test, Devarda’s alloy (Al alloy) acts as a reducing agent and is reacted with nitrate ion in the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. As a result, ammonia gas is produced that turns red litmus blue.
The reaction taking place is-
Hence, the ion present is the Nitrate ion.
(b)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: Adding 6 M HCl produces a vapor with an acrid odor.
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Sulfite ion (
Explanation of Solution
Acrid odor is a strong smell that may cause a burning sensation in the throat.
This acrid odor represents the release of Sulfur dioxide (
And
Hence, the ion present is the sulfite ion.
(C)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: Adding 6 M HCl produces an effervescence.
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Carbonate ion (
Explanation of Solution
Effervescence formation means carbon dioxide gas is released during this test and carbonate ions release
Hence, the ion present is the Carbonate ion.
(D)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: Adding 6 M
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Halide ions (
Explanation of Solution
This test is a Silver nitrate test and is given by halide ions (
In this test, Silver ions react with halide ions to form the precipitate of silver halides. Nitric acid is added to remove interfering ions.
Hence, the ion present is either chloride ions or bromide ions, or iodide ions.
(E)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: Adding of 6 M
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Sulfate (
Explanation of Solution
Sulfate (
Hence, the ion present is a sulfate ion.
(F)
Interpretation:
To identify the ion present in the solution that gives the observation: Adding of 6 M
Concept Introduction :
Different ions (Cations or anions) present in the solution can be detected using different tests as these ions behave differently in terms of their chemical reactions.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Phosphate (
Explanation of Solution
Phosphate (
Hence, the ion present is the phosphate ion.
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Chapter 35 Solutions
Chemical Principles in the Laboratory
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