The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
Appendix I
Indo-European Roots
ENTRY:
deik-
DEFINITION:
To show, pronounce solemnly; also in derivatives referring to the directing of words or objects. Oldest form *dei-, becoming *deik- in centum languages. Derivatives include teach, toe, addict, preach, judge, revenge, and disk. I. Variant *deig-.1. O-grade form *doig-.a.teach, from Old English tcan, to show, instruct, from Germanic *taikjan, to show; b. (i)token, from Old English tcen,tcn, sign, mark; (ii)betoken, from Old English tcnian, to signify; (iii)tetchy, from Gothic taikns, sign; (iv)tachisme, from Old French tache,teche, mark, stain. (i)–(iv) all from Germanic *taiknam.2. Zero-grade form *dig-.digit, from Latin digitus, finger (< “pointer,” “indicator”). II. Basic form *deik-.1. Possibly o-grade form *doik-.toe, from Old English t,tahe, toe, from Germanic *taihw.2. Basic form *deik-.dictate, diction, dictum, ditto, ditty; addict, benediction, condition, contradict, edict, fatidic, herb bennet, indict, indiction, indite, interdict, juridical, jurisdiction, maledict, malison, predict, valediction, verdict, veridical, voir dire, from Latin dcere, to say, tell. 3. Suffixed zero-grade form *dik--.abdicate, dedicate, preach, predicament, predicate, from Latin dicre, to proclaim. 4. Agential suffix *-dik-.a.index, indicate, from Latin index, indicator, forefinger (in-, toward; see en); b.judge, judicial; prejudice, from Latin idex (< *yewes-dik-), judge, “one who shows or pronounces the law” (is, law; see yewes-); c.vendetta, vindicate; avenge, revenge, from Latin vindex (first element obscure), surety, claimant, avenger. 5.deictic, deixis; apodictic, paradigm, policy2, from Greek deiknunai, to show, and noun deigma (*deik-m), sample, pattern. 6. Zero-grade form *dik-.disk; dictyosome, from suffixed form *dik-skos, from Greek dikein, to throw (< “to direct an object”). 7. Form *dik-.dicast; syndic, theodicy, from Greek dik, justice, right, court case. (Pokorny dei- 188.)
-, becoming *deik- in centum languages.
can, to show, instruct, from Germanic *taikjan, to show; b. (i) token, from Old English t
cen, t
. 2. Basic form *deik-. dictate, diction, dictum, ditto, ditty; addict, benediction, condition, contradict, edict, fatidic, herb bennet, indict, indiction, indite, interdict, juridical, jurisdiction, maledict, malison, predict, valediction, verdict, veridical, voir dire, from Latin d
cere, to say, tell. 3. Suffixed zero-grade form *dik-
dex (< *yewes-dik-), judge, “one who shows or pronounces the law” (i
), sample, pattern. 6. Zero-grade form *dik-. disk; dictyosome, from suffixed form *dik-skos, from Greek dikein, to throw (< “to direct an object”). 7. Form *dik
, justice, right, court case. (Pokorny dei
