cost accounting ethics

Coast Corporation's research and development department has a a project to develop a new product which is expected to be very profitable. However, this very expensive product requires approval from the company's controller, J.Davis. Since the corporate profits have been decreasing lately, Davis hesitates to approve a project that will incur significant expenses that cannot be capitalized. To overcome this problem, he's thinking about hiring a firm to develop this product and purchasing the patent of the product from this firm. w wwn wwwww Required: a. Why doesn't Davis prefer producing the product internally, and what are the ethical issues in this situation. b. What would you do if you were in Davis's place? ww n ww www wwww

A cost analyst showed the company president a graph that portrayed the firm’s utility cost as semivariable. The president criticized the graph by saying, “This fixed-cost component doesn’t look right to me. If we shut down the plant for six months, we wouldn’t incur half of these costs.” How should the cost analyst respond?

You are a manager at Percolated Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.7 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $28.3 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Project Year Earnings Forecast 1 2 9 10 Sales Revenue 30.000 30.000 30.000 30.000 Cost of Goods Sold 18.000 18.000 18.000 18.000 - = Gross Profit 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 - General, Sales and Administrative Expenses - Depreciation 2.264 2.264 2.264 2.264 2.830 2.830 2.830 2.830 = Net Operating Income 6.906 6.906 6.906 6.906 - Income Tax 2.417 2.417 2.417 2.417 = Net Income 4.489 4.489 4.489 4.489 ... a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows in years 0 through 10…

You are a manager at Percolated​ Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your​ office, drops a​ consultant's report on your​ desk, and​ complains, "We owe these consultants $1.2 million for this​ report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $19 million on new equipment needed for this​ project, look it over and give me your​ opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates​ (in millions of​ dollars):   All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used​ straight-line depreciation for the new equipment that will be purchased today​ (year 0), which is what the accounting department recommended. The report concludes that because the project will increase earnings by $6.864 million per year for ten​ years, the project is worth $68.64 million. You think back to your halcyon days in finance class and realize there is more work to be​ done!   First,…

Galveston Pump Corporation is considering implementing a JIT production system. The new system would reduce current average inventory levels of $2,000,000 by 75%, but it would require a much greater dependency on the company’s core suppliers for on-time deliveries and high-quality inputs. The company’s operations manager, Frank Griswold, is opposed to the idea of a new JIT system because he is concerned that the new system (a) will be too costly to manage; (b) will result in too many stockouts; and (c) will lead to the layoff of his employees, several of whom are currently managing inventory. He believes that these layoffs will affect the morale of his entire production department. The management accountant, Bonnie Barrett, is in favor of the new system because of its likely cost savings. Frank wants Bonnie to rework the numbers because he is concerned that top management will give more weight to financial factors and not give due consideration to nonfinancial factors such as employee…

Galveston Pump Corporation is considering implementing a JIT production system. The new system would reduce current average inventory levels of $2,000,000 by 75%, but it would require a much greater dependency on the company’s core suppliers for on-time deliveries and high-quality inputs. The company’s operations manager, Frank Griswold, is opposed to the idea of a new JIT system because he is concerned that the new system (a) will be too costly to manage; (b) will result in too many stockouts; and (c) will lead to the layoff of his employees, several of whom are currently managing inventory. He believes that these layoffs will affect the morale of his entire production department. The management accountant, Bonnie Barrett, is in favor of the new system because of its likely cost savings. Frank wants Bonnie to rework the numbers because he is concerned that top management will give more weight to financial factors and not give due consideration to nonfinancial factors such as employee…

Galveston Pump Corporation is considering implementing a JIT production system. The new system would reduce current average inventory levels of $2,000,000 by 75%, but it would require a much greater dependency on the company’s core suppliers for on-time deliveries and high-quality inputs. The company’s operations manager, Frank Griswold, is opposed to the idea of a new JIT system because he is concerned that the new system (a) will be too costly to manage; (b) will result in too many stockouts; and (c) will lead to the layoff of his employees, several of whom are currently managing inventory. He believes that these layoffs will affect the morale of his entire production department. The management accountant, Bonnie Barrett, is in favor of the new system because of its likely cost savings. Frank wants Bonnie to rework the numbers because he is concerned that top management will give more weight to financial factors and not give due consideration to nonfinancial factors such as employee…

Galveston Pump Corporation is considering implementing a JIT production system. The new system would reduce current average inventory levels of $2,000,000 by 75%, but it would require a much greater dependency on the company’s core suppliers for on-time deliveries and high-quality inputs. The company’s operations manager, Frank Griswold, is opposed to the idea of a new JIT system because he is concerned that the new system (a) will be too costly to manage; (b) will result in too many stockouts; and (c) will lead to the layoff of his employees, several of whom are currently managing inventory. He believes that these layoffs will affect the morale of his entire production department. The management accountant, Bonnie Barrett, is in favor of the new system because of its likely cost savings. Frank wants Bonnie to rework the numbers because he is concerned that top management will give more weight to financial factors and not give due consideration to nonfinancial factors such as employee…

You are a manager at Northem Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.3 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $24 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): 2 10 Sales revenue 29.000 17.400 29.000 29.000 29.000 - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income 17.400 17.400 17.400 11.600 1.920 2.400 11.600 11.600 11.600 1.920 1.920 1.920 2.400 2.400 2.400 7.2800 7.2800 7.2800 7.2800 - Income tax 2.548 2.548 2.548 2.548 = Net income 4.732 4.732 4.732 4.732 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the new…

You are a manager at Percolated Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.0 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $25 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Project Year Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income 1 30.000 18.000 12.000 2.000 2.500 7.500 2 30.000 18.000 12.000 2.000 2.500 7.500 9 30.000 18.000 12.000 2.000 2.500 7.500 10 30.000 18.000 12.000 2.000 2.500 7.500 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows in years 0 through 10 that should be…

Peterson Corporation is considering implementing a JIT production system. The new system would reduce current average inventory levels of $2,000,000 by 75%, but it would require a much greater dependency on the company’s core suppliers for on-time deliveries and high-quality inputs. The company’s operations manager, John Leung, is opposed to the idea of a new JIT system. He is concerned that the new system (a) will be too costly to manage; (b) will result in too many stock outs; and (c) will lead to the layoff of his employees, several of whom are currently managing inventory. He believes that these layoffs will affect the morale of his entire production department. The management accountant, Susan Chow, is in favour of the new system, due to the likely result in cost savings. John wants Susan to revise her cost saving estimation because he is concerned that top management will give more weight to financial factors and not give due consideration to nonfinancial factors such as employee…

Emily Henson, controller of an oil exploration division, has just been approached by Tim Wilson, the divisional manager. Tim told Emily that the project quarterly profits were unacceptable and that expenses need to be reduced. He suggested that a clean and easy way to reduce expenses is to assign the exploration and drilling costs of four dry holes to those of two successful holes. By doing so, the costs could be capitalized and not expensed, reducing the costs that need to be recognized for the quarter. He further argued that the treatment is reasonable because the exploration and drilling all occurred in the same field; thus, the unsuccessful efforts really were the costs of identifying the successful holes. “Besides,” he argued, “even if the treatment is wrong, it can be corrected in the annual financial statements. Next quarter’s revenues will be more and can absorb any reversal without causing any severe damage to that quarter’s profits. It’s this quarter’s profit that need some…

Jerry Prior, Beeler Corporation’s controller, is concerned that net income may be lower this year. He is afraid upper-level management might recommend cost reductions by laying off accounting staff, including him. Prior knows that depreciation is a major expense for Beeler. The company currently uses the double-declining-balance method for both financial reporting and tax purposes, and he’s thinking of selling equipment that, given its age, is primarily used when there are periodic spikes in demand. The equipment has a carrying value of $2,000,000 and a fair value of $2,180,000. The gain on the sale would be reported in the income statement. He doesn’t want to highlight this method of increasing income. He thinks, “Why don’t I increase the estimated useful lives and the salvage values? That will decrease depreciation expense and require less extensive disclosure, since the changes are accounted for prospectively. I may be able to save my job and those of my staff.” Instructions Answer…

You are a manager at Percolated Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.9 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $18 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax 1 34.000 20.400 13.600 1.440 1.800 10.360 2.072 Project Year 2 34.000 20.400 13.600 1.440 1.800 10.360 2.072 9 34.000 20.400 13.600 1.440 1.800 10.360 2.072 10 34.000 20.400 13.600 1.440 1.800 10.360 2.072 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash…

You are a manager at Percolated Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.2 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $29 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Project Year Sales revenue Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax 1 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.320 2.900 4.780 1.434 2 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.320 2.900 4.780 1.434 9 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.320 2.900 4.780 1.434 10 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.320 2.900 4.780 1.434 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows in…

You are a manager at Percolated​ Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your​ office, drops a​ consultant's report on your​ desk, and​ complains, "We owe these consultants $1.3 million for this​ report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $22 million on new equipment needed for this​ project, look it over and give me your​ opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates​ (in millions of​ dollars):    All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used​ straight-line depreciation for the new equipment that will be purchased today​ (year 0), which is what the accounting department recommended. The report concludes that because the project will increase earnings by $5.472 million per year for ten​ years, the project is worth $54.72 million. You think back to your halcyon days in finance class and realize there is more work to be​ done!  ​First,…

You are a manager at Percolated Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.4 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $28 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Project Year Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax 1 31.000 18.600 12.400 2.240 2.800 7.360 1.472 2 31.000 18.600 12.400 2.240 2.800 7.360 1.472 9 31.000 18.600 12.400 2.240 2.800 7.360 1.472 10 31.000 18.600 12.400 2.240 2.800 7.360 1.472 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows…

You are a manager at Percolated​ Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your​ office, drops a​ consultant's report on your​ desk, and​ complains, "We owe these consultants $ 1.1 million for this​ report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $ 29 million on new equipment needed for this​ project, look it over and give me your​ opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates​ (in millions of​ dollars):       Project Year Earnings Forecast​ ($ million) 1 2 . . . 9 10 Sales revenue 28.00028.000 28.00028.000   28.00028.000 28.00028.000 minus−Cost of goods sold 16.80016.800 16.80016.800   16.80016.800 16.80016.800 equals=Gross profit 11.20011.200 11.20011.200   11.20011.200 11.20011.200 minus−​Selling, ​general, and administrative expenses 2.3202.320 2.3202.320   2.3202.320 2.3202.320…

Cysco Corp has a budget of $1,200,000 in 2017 for prevention costs. If it decides to automate a portion of its prevention activities, it will save $103,000 in variable costs. The new method will require $51,000 in training costs and $148,000 in annual equipment costs. Management is willing to adjust the budget for an amount up to the cost of the new equipment. The budgeted production level is 207,000 units. Appraisal costs for the year are budgeted at $508,000. The new prevention procedures will save appraisal costs of $50,000. Internal failure costs average $34 per failed unit of finished goods. The internal failure rate is expected to be 5% of all completed items. The proposed changes will cut the internal failure rate by one-half. Internal failure units are destroyed. External failure costs average $52 per failed unit. The company's average external failures average 4.5% of units sold. The new proposal will reduce this rate to 1%. Assume all units produced are sold and there are no…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.8 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $19 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax = Net income 1 2 25.000 25.000 15.000 15.000 10.000 10.000 1.520 1.520 1.900 1.900 6.5800 2.303 4.277 6.5800 2.303 4.277 9 25.000 15.000 10.000 1.520 1.900 6.5800 2.303 4.277 10 25.000 15.000 10.000 1.520 1.900 6.5800 2.303 4.277 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.1 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $23 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion. You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue -Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income -Income tax = Net income Show Transcribed Text O C 3 1 2 30.000 30.000 18.000 18.000 12.000 12.000 1.840 1.840 2.300 2.300 7.8600 7.8600 2.751 2.751 5.109 5.109 ... 9 30.000 18.000 12.000 1.840 2.300 7.8600 2.751 5.109 10 30.000 18.000 12.000 1.840 2.300 7.8600 2.751 5.109 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used…

You are a manager at Northern​ Fiber, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fiber manufacturing. Your boss comes into your​ office, drops a​ consultant's report on your​ desk, and​ complains, "We owe these consultants $1.5 million for this​ report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $29 million on new equipment needed for this​ project, look it over and give me your​ opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates​ (in millions of​ dollars):   ​(Click on the Icon located on the​ top-right corner of the data table below in order to copy its contents into a​ spreadsheet.)     Project Year                                                        Earnings Forecast​ ($000,000s) 1 2 . . . 9 10 Sales revenue 25.000 25.000   25.000 25.000 −Cost of goods sold 15.000 15.000   15.000 15.000 =Gross profit 10.000 10.000   10.000 10.000 −​Selling, ​general, and…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.6 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $29 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income Income tax = Net income 1 2 34.000 34.000 20.400 20.400 13.600 13.600 2.320 2.320 2.900 2.900 8.380 8.380 2.933 2.933 5.447 5.447 9 34.000 20.400 13.600 2.320 2.900 8.380 2.933 5.447 10 34.000 20.400 13.600 2.320 2.900 8.380 2.933 5.447

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.6 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $29 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue -Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses -Depreciation = Net operating income -Income tax = Net income 1 2 32.000 32.000 19.200 19.200 12.800 12.800 2.320 2.900 2.320 2.900 7.580 7.580 2.653 2.653 4.927 4.927 ... 9 32.000 19.200 12.800 2.320 2.900 7.580 2.653 4.927 10 32.000 19.200 12.800 2.320 2.900 7.580 2.653 4.927 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows in years 0 through 10 that should be used to evaluate the…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.3 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $24 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): 1 2 9 10 ... Sales revenue 29.000 29.000 29.000 29.000 - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax 17.400 17.400 17.400 17.400 11.600 11.600 11.600 11.600 1.920 1.920 1.920 1.920 2.400 2.400 2.400 2.400 7.2800 7.2800 7.2800 7.2800 2.548 2.548 2.548 2.548 = Net income 4.732 4.732 4.732 4.732 ... b. If the cost of capital for this project is 8%, what is your estimate of the value of the new project? Value…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.3 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $18 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax = Net income 1 2 35.000 35.000 21.000 21.000 14.000 14.000 1.440 1.440 1.800 1.800 10.760 10.760 3.766 3.766 6.994 6.994 9 35.000 21.000 14.000 1.440 1.800 10.760 3.766 6.994 10 35.000 21.000 14.000 1.440 1.800 10.760 3.766 6.994 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.1 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $20 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income Income tax = Net income 1 26.000 15.600 2 26.000 15.600 10.400 10.400 1.600 1.600 2.000 2.000 6.800 2.38 4.420 6.800 2.38 4.420 ... 9 26.000 15.600 10.400 1.600 2.000 6.800 2.38 4.420 10 26.000 15.600 10.400 1.600 2.000 6.800 2.38 4.420 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the new…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.4 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $29 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue Cost of goods sold Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax = 1 33.000 19.800 13.200 2.320 2.900 7.980 2.793 2 33.000 19.800 13.200 2.320 2.900 7.980 2.793 9 33.000 19.800 13.200 2.320 2.900 7.980 2.793 10 33.000 19.800 13.200 2.320 2.900 7.980 2.793 a. Given the available information, what are the free cash flows in years 0 through 10 that should be used to evaluate the proposed project? The free cash flow for…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.6 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $26 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit - General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income -Income tax = Net income 2 1 29.000 29.000 17.400 17.400 11.600 11.600 2.080 2.080 2.600 2.600 6.920 6.920 2.422 2.422 4.498 4.498 10 9 29.000 29.000 17.400 17.400 11.600 11.600 2.080 2.080 2.600 2.600 6.920 2.422 4.498 6.920 2.422 4.498 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the new…

You are a manager at Northern Fibre, which is considering expanding its operations in synthetic fibre manufacturing. Your boss comes into your office, drops a consultant's report on your desk, and complains, "We owe these consultants $1.1 million for this report, and I am not sure their analysis makes sense. Before we spend the $26 million on new equipment needed for this project, look it over and give me your opinion." You open the report and find the following estimates (in millions of dollars): Sales revenue Cost of goods sold = Gross profit General, sales, and administrative expenses - Depreciation = Net operating income - Income tax = Net income 2 1 25.000 25.000 15.000 15.000 10.000 10.000 2.080 2.080 2.600 5.3200 1.862 2.600 5.3200 1.862 3.458 3.458 9 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.080 2.600 5.3200 1.862 3.458 10 25.000 15.000 10.000 2.080 2.600 5.3200 1.862 3.458 All of the estimates in the report seem correct. You note that the consultants used straight-line depreciation for the new…