Dry-Wet
3.60%
-5.20%
-100%
Wet
49.90%
-100%
416.20%
Wet-Dry
-31.40%
54%
328.50%
6. What claims can you make from the percentage deviations table? [4 pts, 1 pt for each season]
Hint
: You can only make claims about the significance of the data if you rejected your null hypothesis
(p<0.05). If your null hypothesis was supported, briefly explain what that means regarding claims you
make from your data.
The data about was significantly different, which tells us that the elephants use of habitats change with
the seasons. This is shown through:
a.
In the dry season, the floodplain grassland had 4.5 more elephants than expected.
b.
In the dry-wet season and dry season, the floodplain grassland was the only habitat with a
positive deviation.
c.
In the wet season, the limestone gorge had a significantly larger number than any other habitat.
d.
In the wet-dry season, the limestone gorge had a significantly larger number than any other
habitat. 7. Based on your graph from Lab 4 and your analyses above, how would you describe the movement of
animals in the Gorongosa National Park over the course of the year? [2 pts]
Throughout the course of a year, the elephants in the Gorongosa National Park favor floodplain
grassland region during the dry and dry-wet seasons. This is shown in the compound bar graph from Lab
4. During the wet season, the elephants also tend to choose the floodplain grassland, and stay out of the
mixed savanna and woodland. Once we get into the wet-dry season, the elephants move more towards
the mixed savanna and woodland, but some seem to stay in the floodplain grassland.
8.
During Lab 4, you learned that graphs show patterns or trends in data, but claims should come from
the statistical test. Analyze the following research question with their data visualization and statistical
reporting. [4pts]
Research Brief
: J. Bristol Foster hypothesized in the 1960’s that an animal species (martens, a small
mammal) on an island would evolve over generations to be larger or smaller than individuals of the
same species living on the mainland
. To test this hypothesis, I examined natural history databases for
American martens, a member of the weasel family, living in Alaska and the Alexander archipelago off the
coast of Alaska. To measure size, I used the weight of martens on the mainland and martens on the
islands. The average weight of these groups is graphed right. A t-test was used to determine whether
there is a significant size difference between martens and the statistical test returned a p-value of
0.0322.
