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University of California, Los Angeles *
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Course
7C
Subject
Biology
Date
May 6, 2024
Type
Pages
3
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Name _____________________________________________ LS7C Week 1B Pre-Class Reading Guide Fill out this worksheet as you complete your pre-class assignments. Bring your completed worksheet to class to use as a reference for in-class activities. After completing your pre-class assignments, you should be able to: •
Distinguish the potential for differentiation of totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent stem cells •
Describe the different types of cell-cell junctions •
Define microtubule, microfilament, and intermediate filament. •
Explain how motor proteins actively move material around the cell •
Explain how cell-cell junctions and the extracellular matrix (ECM) contribute to cells’ ability to form tissues and organs 1.
Cells at each stage of development are described as totipotent, pluripotent, or multipotent stem cells. How is the differentiation potential of each of these stem cells unique? Based on your readings, explain the fate of each stem cell. 2.
The figure below illustrates the signaling pathway of type 1 and type 2 cell differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans
(roundworm). Identify the signal (contact-dependent or chemical), receptor (cell-surface or intracellular), signal transduction pathway, and cellular response
for each signal transduction pathway. Explain in your own words how gene expression (Type 1 or 2 genes) is altered based on whether the EGF or Notch signal is received by a cell. &
e/stage
of
development
,
they
lose
the
potential
to
develop
into
any
kind
of
cell
)
fertilized
egg
=
totipotent e
can
give
rise
to
a
complete
organism
2)
cells
of
inner
cell
mass
are
pluripotent
->
give
rise
to
any
3
germ
layers
>
any
cell
body
3)
cells
further
along
are
multipotent
form
a
limited
#
of
types
of
specialized
cells
-signal
If
the
EGF
is
received
-
receptor
signduction
by
the
cell
,
the
gene
is
expressed
.
Otherwise
,
if
the
notch
is
received
,
the
-sign
a
reduction
signal
-response
gene
is
not
expressed
response
receptor
3.
On the diagram below, label microtubule, microfilament, and intermediate filament. Then provide a brief description of the structure and function of each of these three elements of the cytoskeleton. Microtubules: Microfilaments: Intermediate Filaments: 4.
Refer to Figure 10.7 in your textbook. Describe how the motor protein kinesin moves cargo such as vesicles around the cell. Is this process passive or active? How can you tell? microtubule
intermediate
microfilament
filament
hallow
,
tubelike
-
made
of
tubulin
dimers
(23B)
-
shape
a
cell
3
maintain
internal
structure
-
cell
movement
(via
cilia)
,
cell
division
,
resicle
transport
⊥
chrom
segregation
double
helix
shape
-
made
of
polymers
of
actin
monomers
-
protein
filament
in
euk
cells
-
help
cell
mobility
mechanical
stability/cell
shape
&
support
-cell
movement
(crawling)
,
cell
division
,
vesicle
transport
cytokinesis
*
only
in
animal
cells
-
polymers
combine
to
form
long
,
strong
cable-like
structures
-vary
by
which
cell
they
are
in
-
shape
a
cell
3
maintain
mechanical
strength
-
plus
ends
undergo
random
cycles
of
rapid
depolymerization
followed
by
Slow
polymerization
-
>
dynamic
instability
-
allows
spindle
microtubules
to
quickly
find
3
attach
to
chroms
during
cell
div
-
energy
of
ATP
used
to
move
cargo
to
the
plus
end
of
microtubule
-
active
be
requires
energy
to
get
process
done
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