biod152_Module 2_ Problem Set
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152
Subject
Biology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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29
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11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1780/quizzes/44305?module_item_id=215145
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Module 2: Problem Set
Due
No due date
Points
5
Questions
9
Time Limit
None
Instructions
Attempt History
Attempt
Time
Score
LATEST
Attempt 1
126 minutes
5 out of 5
Score for this quiz:
5
out of 5
Submitted Nov 27 at 3:53pm
This attempt took 126 minutes.
Please be familiar with all bold face words in the module. In addition, below are some review
questions that will be helpful. This is not an exhaustive list of review questions. It is a general
list of possible topics which could be on the exam.
0 / 0 pts
Question 1
The Brain
1. List the four parts of the human brain.
2. Describe the number, location and function of the brain ventricles.
3. Label the ventricles.
4. Describe the brain meninges and the layers.
5. What is the function of the choroid plexus?
6. What is the blood-brain barrier and how is it maintained?
11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1780/quizzes/44305?module_item_id=215145
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Your Answer:
7. Describe the cerebrum.
8. What is the median longitudinal fissure?
9. Raised ridges on the cerebrum are called____.
10. The
_______
separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
1) Cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, brainstem
2) Ventricles are cavities in the brain that are filled with CSF. There are
two lateral ventricles, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle. The fourth
ventricle drain into the central canal of the spinal cord.
3) Done
4) The meninges are layers of connective tissue that cover and protect the
organs of the CNS, as well as enclose CSF. They are:
1) dura mater: leathery double-layered outer meninx
2) arachnoid meninx: middle, loose layer which is separated from dura
mater by subdural space
3) pia mater: inner meninx, thin connective tissue tightly attached to brain
5) The choroid plexus is a network of blood vessels in the ventricles. Its
function is to help produce CSF.
6) The blood-brain barrier prevents particles from entering the CNS. It
keeps the brain and spinal cord separated from the general blood flow of
the body. Glial cells (astrocytes) help maintain it.
7) The cerebrum is the foremost part of the brain and it is responsible for
consciousness. It consists of left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each
hemisphere is divided into 4 surface lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, and
occipital. The cerebrum controls voluntary bodily movements and it is the
location of high-level thinking, intelligence, and reasoning.
8) The median longitudinal fissure separates the left and right
hemispheres.
9) Raised ridges on the cerebrum are gyri.
10) The transverse fissure separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
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1. The human brain is made up of the cerebral hemispheres,
diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum.
2. There are four ventricles in the interior of the brain, chambers
filled with cerebrospinal fluid which is produced there.
3. See figure in module.
4. The meninges are three layers of connective tissue
membranes that cover and protect central nervous system
organs and enclose cerebrospinal fluid. The leathery dura
mater is the double-layered outer meninx. The middle
arachnoid meninx is a loose layer separated from the dura
mater by the subdural space. Beneath the arachnoid meninx is
the subarachnoid space which contains blood vessels and is
filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The inner pia mater meninx is a
thin connective tissue tightly attached to the brain.
5. The choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid.
6. The blood-brain barrier is a diffusion barrier which prevents
most particles from entering the central nervous system tissue,
keeping the brain and spinal cord separate from general blood
circulation. The blood-brain barrier is formed by the relatively
impermeable brain capillaries, due to the glial cells astrocytes.
Maintenance of the blood-brain-barrier is important to provide a
stable chemical environment for the nervous system. A stable
internal environment is important to protect neurons from
chemical variations which could cause uncontrollable firing of
neurons.
7. The cerebrum, the foremost part of the brain, is the largest part
of the brain in humans comprising about 83% of total brain
mass
8. It separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres from one
another.
9. Gyri
10. The transverse fissure
0 / 0 pts
Question 2
11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
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4/29
Your Answer:
The Brain
11. The outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres is called the ______and
is highly convoluted and gray in color.
12. Describe the functions of the lobes of the cerebrum.
13. What is the difference between a primary area and an association
area in the brain?
14. Label the regions of the cerebral cortex.
15. List the three major parts of the brain stem.
16. How is the medulla oblongata involved with the heart and lungs?
17. How is the pons involved with the eyes and ears?
18. The superior and inferior colliculi are located on the posterior portion
of the _____.
19. How is the hypothalamus involved with the entire internal environment
of the body and the endocrine system in particular?
20. All except what sensory impulses are channeled through the
thalamus?
11) Cerebral cortex
12) Frontal lobe: controls higher-level executive functions such as
reasoning and decision-making; controls voluntary muscle actions
Parietal lobe: receives sensory information from receptors in the mouth
(taste) and in the skin (pressure, touch, pain)
Occipital lobe: interprets visual input
Temporal lobe: sensory areas for hearing and smelling
11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
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13) A primary area sends and receives information for one type of sensory
or motor information. An association area integrates one type of sensory
information to generate an action. Association areas are connected to
intellect, creativity, learning, and memory.
14) Done
15) Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain
16) The medulla oblongata has several vital centers for regulating
heartbeat, breathing, and vasoconstriction.
17) The pons regulates head movements in response to auditory and
visual stimuli.
18) Midbrain
19) The hypothalamus is responsible for maintaining homeostasis. It
regulates basic functions such as hunger, thirst, sleep, body temperature,
water balance, and blood pressure. Additionally, the hypothalamus
controls the pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine system.
Therefore, the hypothalamus serves as a link between the nervous
system and the endocrine system.
20) All sensory impulses except for smell are channeled through the
thalamus.
11/29/23, 9:58 AM
Module 2: Problem Set: Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab - Oberg - 2023A
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11. cerebral cortex
12. The frontal lobe controls higher level executive functions such
as reasoning and decision making. The frontal lobe also controls
motor functions and permits control over voluntary muscle actions.
The parietal lobe receives sensory information from receptors in
the mouth for taste and located in the skin, such as those for
touch, pressure, and pain. The occipital lobe interprets visual input.
The temporal lobe has sensory areas for hearing and smelling.
13. Primary areas in each lobe receive information for one type of
sensory information. Association areas act mainly to integrate
more than one type of sensory information for purposeful action.
14. See figure in module.
15. The brain stem is made up of the mid-brain, pons, and medulla
oblongata.
16. The medulla oblongata regulates heartbeat and breathing
17. The pons regulates head movements in response to visual and
auditory stimuli.
18. Midbrain
19. The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis, the constancy of
the internal environment and controls the pituitary gland and
serving as a link between the nervous and endocrine systems
20. ll sensory impulses (except those associated with the sense of
smell) are channeled through the thalamus.
0 / 0 pts
Question 3
The Brain
21. What is the function of the pineal body?
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