Organelle Fact Sheet- Ribosomes

Proteoglycan aggregates in tissues form hydrated, viscousgels. Can you think of any obvious mechanical reason whytheir capacity to form gels is important to cell function?[Hint: Liquid water is virtually incompressible.]

Complete the table below which gives the biochemical systems present on each organelle found on a eukaryotic cell. Organelle Biochemical Process Importance   Site for mRNA translation     oxidative phosphorylation     Actomyosin-driven contractile molecular motors     Cellular Digestion

Question:- MATCH EACH WITH THE LETTER. 1. RIBOSOME 2. NUCLEUS 3. ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RECTICULUM (ER) 4. SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RECTICULUM (ER) 5. LYSOSOME 6. MITOCHONDIRA ------------------------------- A. CONTAINS DNA B. CHOLESTEROL AND FAT SYNTHESIS C. CELL MEMBRANES FACTORY (ALSO HAS RIBOSOMES ON ITS SURFACE) D. POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL WHICH PRODUCES ATP E. MAKES PROTEINS F. CONTAINS DIGESTIVE ENZYMES THAT BREAKDOWN WORN OUT CELL STRUCTURES

Dynamic instability causes microtubules either to grow or to shrink rapidly. Consider an individual microtubule that is in its shrinking phase.  What would happen if only GDP, but no GTP, were present in the solution.

Please help me with this question. More than one answer may be correct.  Elastin _______. Options: A)  has a repeating structure of 3 amino acids such as Gly-Pro-X B)  crosslinks with numerous other elastin peptides to make an elastic fiber C)  is physically attached to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum D)  is physically attached to ribosomes E)  is rich in hydrophobic residues

Cancer cells treated with vitamin E succinate are generally more vulnerable to rupture of their lysosomal membranes (and subsequent apoptosis) than are normal cells, because: cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, and their lysosomes have an acidic pH too cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, but their lysosomes have an alkaline pH cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, and their lysosomes have an alkaline pH too cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, but their lysosomes have an acidic pH all of the above

Organelle Biochemical Process Importance   storage of genetic material     site for ribosome synthesis

The cell membrane is both fluid and asymmetrical. Discuss asymmetry of the plasma membrane, as well as the enzyme involved. Explain properties that contribute to the fluidity of the cell membrane?

Trace the pathway of a protein that will used by the cell in the cytoplasm. Please number the steps in the order they occur in the cell. For full credit, you must describe each organelle and transport vesicle the product moves through and describe in detail how each organelle modifies the protein.

Liposomes have long been investigated as drug delivery mechanisms in humans and animals, but only recently have they started to be used clinically in targeted cancer therapies and now, vaccines. Liposomes are simply vesicles with a phospholipid bilayer that contain an inner aqueous compartment.  Hydrophilic compounds could be carried in the buffer inside the liposome or hydrophobic drugs within the membrane itself.  For instance, the Moderna and Pfizer mRNA vaccines actually use liposome technology to deliver the SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA to human cells.  The liposomes fuse with the plasma membrane allowing the contents of the liposome to enter the cytosol of cells.  Of course, once the mRNA is in the cytosol is can be translated to protein on a ribosome.  Explain why nucleic acid won’t get through the plasma membrane on its own.  Discuss the energetic restrictions to movement through the membrane

There are many organelles that appear similar to lysosomes yet they are endocytotic vesicles. What is the accepted histochemical method to unequivocally identify a lysosome from other similar appearing organelles?

(50) During an experiment , equal aliquots of Escherichia coil and Staphylococcus aureus are separately sonicated at the same level to mechanically disrupt bacterial cells. E.coli cells are disrupted , but their is minimal disruption of S, aureus cells. Which of the following bacterial structures best explains this difference? (A) Cytoplasmic membrane (B) Outer membrane (C) Peptidoglycan layer (D) Phospholipid bilayer (E0 Polysaccharide capsule

Proteins may be bound to the exoplasmic or cytosolic face of the plasma membrane by way of covalently attached lip- ids. What are the three types of lipid anchors responsible for tethering proteins to the plasma membrane bilayer? Which type is used by cell surface proteins that face the external medium? By glycosylated proteoglycans?

Discuss the following: • Golgi Apparatus • Peroxisome •lysosome Please help me. Thank you

Trace the pathway of a protein that will used by the cell in the cytoplasm. Please number the steps in the order they occur in the cell. ,you must describe each organelle and transport vesicle the product moves through and describe in detail how each organelle modifies the protein.

BIOMOLECULES - Please answer the questions properly. - Multiple choice 1. The following statements are true regarding actin filaments, EXCEPT for one ? A. Nucleotide hydrolysis promotes dissociation of actin filaments B. They require GTP for assembly C. Growth of the actin chain occurs at the plus (+) end D. 2 microfilaments combine to make a coiled filament 2. The side chains of the amino acid residues within an alpha helix is best described by ONE of the following patterns:? A. The side chains point "in" and "back" relative to the turns of the helix. B. The side chains point "out" and "forward" relative to the turns of the helix. C. The side chains point "out" and "back" relative to the turns of the helix. D. The side chains point "in" and "forward" relative to the turns of the helix.

Explain what the meaning of these distances is (e.g., from where to where?)Crystal structure of human monocyte chemotactic protein-2

basic structure of the subunit for each type of cytoskeletal protein and compare and contrast cytoskeletal proteins regarding:– Polarity– General filament structure / relative stability– General intracellular functions

Why do cancer cells treated with vitamin E succinate appear to be more vulnerable to rupture of their lysosomal membranes (and subsequent apoptosis) than normal cells? cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, which destabilizes the alkaline lysosomes cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, which destabilizes the acidic lysosomes cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, which destabilizes the alkaline lysosomes cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, which destabilizes the acidic lysosomes all of the above

Question- For each characteristic choose the cytoskeleton components to which it applies. either a. intermediate filament b. microtubles c. actin   select all that apply     1. found in cell cortex 2. contain coiled coils 3. binds atp 4. provides high tensile strength 5. functions in mitosis 6. assiciated with tubulin 7. roplike 8. treadmilling growth 9. binds gtp 10. stablized by capping proteins 11. associated w/severing proteins 12. found in cilia 13. highly stable 14. comprised of photofilaments 15. has a posivite and negative end 16. functions in cell to cell junctions 17. dynamic instability 18. assoicated with centrosomes 19. found in microvilli 20. associated with chromatin

Question:- Explain how the following components contribute to the ideal multifunctional liposome: 1. phospholipid matrix 2. destabilizing lipid 3. conjugation lipid 4. ligands attached via conjugation lipid 5. cell death marker 6. chemotherapeutic agent 7. imaging agent