Worksheet 2

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University of California, Santa Barbara *

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6AL

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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Chem 6AL Fall 2023 In class Worksheet 2 Your Name: ____________________________________ 1. What is the mole fraction of ethyl acetate in the vapor phase above a liquid solution that is a mixture of 5mL ethyl acetate and 5mL of hexane? (ethyl acetate: density = 0.902 g/mL, 88.11 g/mol; hexane: 0.661 g/ml, 86.18 g/mol). 2. What is an azeotrope? How can you use a temperature composition diagram to determine if two liquids form an azeotrope? 3. How would your results from Experiment 2 have been different if water and ethanol did not form an azeotrope? 4. How can you distinguish methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine using IR spectroscopy? 5. IR absorption bands: Use the Bruice textbook, lab notebook, or an online resource to find approximately where the following bond stretches appear in an IR spectrum. Note any important characteristics. a. O-H alcohol _____________ cm -1 b. O-H carboxylic acid _____________ cm -1 c. N-H _____________ cm -1 d. sp C-H _____________ cm -1 e. sp 2 C-H (alkene) _____________ cm -1 f. sp 2 C-H (aldehyde) _____________ cm -1 g. sp 3 C-H _____________ cm -1 h. C≡C _____________ cm -1 i. C=O _____________ cm -1 j. C=C _____________ cm -1 k. C-O _____________ cm -1

6. Use your answers in question 10 to predict the IR spectrum of the following molecules. Note: these will not be super accurat e sketches, but we are just looking to recognize where the functional groups appear. We don’t need to worry too much about the fingerprint region (other than C-O absorption bands). a. 2-butanone b. N,N-diethylamine c. hexanoic acid d. pent-4-en-2-ol e. 1-butanamine 7. Sketch IR spectra for the following pairs of compounds (each pair on the same spectra). 2-hexyne and 1-hexyne 4-hydroxy-2-butanone and butanoic acid

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