Problem Set #1-2 2

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University of Rochester *

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2020

Subject

Economics

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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12

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Problem Set #1 (Due February 16, 2024) Name: Econ 2020 Discussion Section: Directions: You can choose to complete this problem set on your own or in collaboration with others, but each person should submit an individual copy. There is no need to print this document - please feel free to use your own paper but please clearly label which questions you are answering. 1. (Trade, 0.3 points) In 2000, Pfizer bought the pharmaceuticals company Warner Lambert for $90 billion, creating the second largest drug company on the US market at the time behind Johnson & Johnson. Assume that this acquisition was not coerced in any way, such that both sides agreed to come to the table and make the deal. a. (0.2 points) What are the four principles of trade that help explain why both companies made the trade that they did? Make sure to identify the Rotunda Principle verbatim. b. (0.1 points) Is this interaction a trade we would typically consider in microeconomics or macroeconomics? Explain. 2. (Production Possibilities Curve, 0.7 points) Suppose that Country X only produces cacao and bananas, and is deciding how to allocate resources between the two goods. a. (0.1 points) Draw a production possibilities curve that shows the tradeoff between the production of cacao and bananas. b. (0.2 points) Explain the orientation (positive/negative slope) and concavity of the curve within the context of economic analysis. c. (0.1 points) Label 3 points - inefficient, efficient, and unattainable - on your curve. d. (0.1 points) Show what happens if an increase in technology impacts the production of only cacao. e. (0.2 points) Assume that Country X operates through the market system within the agricultural sector. How does Country X determine how much cacao vs. how many bananas it will produce, assuming that it uses resources efficiently? 3. (Components of GDP, 1 point) For each of the following scenarios, identify the full change in 2023 GDP alongside the components of GDP (C, I, G, NX) affected. a. (0.2 points) Lockheed Martin sells $23 billion worth of F-16 fighter jets to the Turkish Government. i. Change in GDP: ii. Component(s) Affected: b. (0.2 points) A soybean farmer buys $130 worth of soybean seeds to plant on their commercial land for future sale. e
i. Change in GDP: ii. Component(s) Affected: c. (0.2 points) The US government awarded a total $814 billion worth of stimulus checks to American households at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. i. Change in GDP: ii. Component(s) Affected: d. (0.2 points) A US consumer buys a new Audi produced in Belgium for $50,000. i. Change in GDP: ii. Components Affected: e. (0.2 points) Apple produces $6 million worth of computers in 2023 to place into inventory for that year. i. Change in GDP: ii. Components Affected: 4. (Growth Rates and Standard of Living, 1 point) Country Year Nominal GDP Nominal Per Capita GDP Population Price Level GDP in 2021 Dollars Country A 2021 20,000 3,000 100 Country A 2022 66,000,000 4,000 105 Country B 2022 80,000,000 16,000 110 a. (0.2 points) Is nominal GDP the best indicator of standard of living for a country or locality? If not, identify what modifications should be made to better represent average welfare. b. (0.4 points) Fill in the blanks in the table, making sure to round to the nearest whole number. c. (0.2 points) Which country, A or B, had a higher standard of living in 2022? Give a number as a justification for your answer. d. (0.2 points) What was the rate of economic growth for Country A between 2021 and 2022? Answer in percentage terms and round to one decimal place. 5. (Unemployment, 1 point) Classification Number of People Relevant Population 276 million
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