Lecture 1- intro to materials

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Concordia University *

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221

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Material Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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pdf

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1- Intro to materials What are the 3 major classes of material? Briefly explain them and their properties. Metals: Made of inorganic metallic elements. Conduct heat and electricity well, strong and ductile Ceramics: Made of inorganic materials (metals and non metals). Hard and strong, but brittle. High temperature use, low density, electrically insulating. Polymers: Plastics (mat made from polymers). Electrical insulators, low density, low operating temps. It is usually a long chain molecules and networks based on carbon What are the 3 subsets? Briefly explain them and their properties. Composites Mixture of 2+ materials. There is usu a matrix/reinforcement particle/fiber They have a combo of properties usu. Ex: GFRP, reinforce concrete, carbon fiber Semi conductors Has electrical properties between conductors n insulators. Usually silicon based with added dopant element (added el. To make better…) (ex: switches, sensors, devices) Biomaterials Used for implants in living bodies Non toxic, bio compatible. Name 2 types of metals Pure metal: 99-99.99% pure Alloy: combo of 2 or more metals + non metals What are the different graphs and what do they measure? Make sure you can read the graphs in lecture 1! Density graph: Measures the density of a material; anything under 1 floats on water Stiffness graph (aka young modulus, elastus modulus): Measures in gigapascals how much a material will bend when a load is applied to it. A low modulus of elasticity means that you don’t have to put much pressure to deform. Tensile strength: measure the amount of megapascal is takes to pull apart a material. Resistance to fracture Electrical conductivity

***it is important to know that the graphs are measured on a log scale*** Name the factors that affect material selection Price, availability, properties, substitute, recycling,

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