PostLab 8_ Torque

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University of Nevada, Las Vegas *

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180L

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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Name : Miguel Rivera Villareal Lab/Section: Physics 180L 1009 Teaching Assistant: Nuzhat Nuari Islam Due Date: December 1st, 2022 Torque Objective: Measure the angular motion of a disk, rotating due to an applied force Apparatus: Theory: Newton’s second law of F = ma has a similar equivalent in rotational dynamics. For rotational dynamics though, the force is applied at an angle and the force that actually causes an object to spin would be the tangential component of the force. Work, and therefore power’s, formulas change to now include the angular velocity and the various angles. The force used to cause an object to spin is called torque and this can be expressed as where force is equal to the tension of the string/rope instead of mass τ = 𝐹 * 𝐷 = 𝐼 * α times gravity. In addition, torque is equal to inertia and angular acceleration. Procedure: To start the lab, level the rotational apparatus and then get a 90 cm string. Tie an end of the string to the hole in the spindle, tying the other end to the mass holder. Using calipers, find the radius of the lowest spool and the radius of the pulley. Now clamp the individual pulley to the edge of the rotational apparatus, ensuring the mass holder doesn’t hit the ground at the lowest point of its fall. Attach the smart pulley to the rotational apparatus, making sure it can freely spin when the platen spins. Add 20 grams to the mass holder and then record the total mass in the data table. Plug in the devices and link up the devices in the Pasco Capstone program. In the program, set the constant for arc length to be .015, the angle separation to be 36 degrees, enable the angular speed box (units in rad/sec), and select the graph that shows angular velocity. Now run the experiment by winding up the spool until the mass holder is below the pulley. In the program, press start when the platen is released and stop the program once a few oscillations have occurred. On the graph, highlight a linear portion and create a linear best fit.

Record this fit’s slope as the angular acceleration and then repeat the experiment by changing the mass to 50 grams, 70 grams, 170 grams. Now record the platen’s radius and mass. Using this info, calculate the moment of inertia of the disk and the angular acceleration of the platen (formula a = A * (p/r)). After recording that in the table, calculate the torque via the standard formulas and also the free body diagram formula. Then find the percent discrepancy. Equations: : torque τ ω: angular velocity α: angular acceleration

Percent Discrepancy: (τ1 − τ2)/[(τ1 + τ2 )/2] * 100 2 = I * α τ 1 = D * m (g - D * α) τ I = .5 * M *α α p = (r / p) * α α = (p / r) * α p

Data:

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