CJ328 Unit3 Essay

FINGERPRINT EXPERIMENT2AbstractLatent print residue is a combination of many substances excreted from the body. Latent print residues may be left from natural sweat on the skin or from a contaminant such as motor oil, blood, ink, paint or some other form of dirt. They may exhibit only a small portion of the surface of a finger and may be smudged, distorted, overlapped by other prints from the same, or from different individuals, or all of these in combination. The factors that affect the quality or presenceof latent prints include the conditions involved between friction skin contact and the objects that are touched. Pre-transfer conditions describe the condition of the friction skin and the amount and type of residue on the skin; and are affected

In this phase a variable light source was used to excite the fingerprint residue. This was done to obtain fluorescence from the fingerprint residue. Various spectral filters and a range of camera settings accompanied with different light sources were tested to see if any fluorescence existed. The images were compared with each other to figure out if any sample shows florescence under any specific range of wavelengths. Since, we were unaware of the fact whether the fingerprints were contaminated during any experiment we used various wavelengths for the substances that might show fluorescence under different wavelengths. The level of detail in the images remained the same as the previous phase of research and

From the early days, with little literary reference material, to the current day, with substantially more, but still insufficient formation, the science of fingerprint identification has managed to maintain its credibility and usefulness. Although, academic institutions have yet to recognize the field as an applied science and include it in the curricula, which would provide directed research and literary reference, in libraries. Without this academic recognition, progress in the field of fingerprint is destined to be sluggish. Description of fingerprint identification as a forensic science’ or an ~app1ied science’ in no way implies that is not a reliable science.

In the forensic science field, “A Latent Print is an impression of the friction ridge skin of the fingers or palms of the hands that has been transferred to another surface.” To break apart the phrase, “latent print”, the term “latent”, means “hidden” and the term “print” means “an indentation or mark left on a surface or soft substance by pressure especially that of a foot or hand.” So the phrase “latent prints”, refers to any print that must be enhanced chemically or physically to be made visible. Another way to define “latent print”, is simply sweat that is exuded from the body. Friction ridge skin is the only part of the body that doesn’t exude oil. The only oil that may be in a latent print has been picked up by touching another area of the body (face or ears for example) or some foreign object.”

Fingerprints are formed during the first, third to fourth months of fetal development. While growing (in the womb) the fingerprint and the ridges will expand. A fingerprint stays the same from when

I have always had an interest in how police officers and investigators found and collected forensic evidence. Of all the different types of evidence, the one that fascinates me is the finding and collecting of fingerprints. The fact that everyone’s fingerprints have different ridges and patterns, which are unique to them, is astonishing. The fact that these ridges and patterns allow them matched perfectly to one person has benefited many criminal investigations. “Fingerprint evidence offers great value to criminal investigations since it is an internationally recognized and established means of human identification” ( Banas, A. 2014).

The importance of Fingerprints is because they are different from one person to another. The reasons they are important are because they can implicate the guilty by linking a suspect to the victim at the scene of the crime or it can exonerate a person from a crime who are innocent. (Gaensslen 2013) A finger print can be the single most important piece of evidence when solving a crime. Fingerprints are considered to be the best way to identify a person but can be easy to remove by wiping them away. Some cases the fingerprint evidence is important to be collected first by locating, processing and recovering before anything else. (Gaensslen 2013)

Every single ridge has a row of sweat pores. When sweat seeps out of these pores, it runs over the ridges. Thus, when a finger, palm, or foot touches a surface, an impression is made which in technical terms is known as a latent print. However, when a print is collected from a police station directly from the source, this is known as an exemplar print (Haber and Haber, 2008; Creswell, 2015). The “science” of fingerprint analysis rests on three, recently, controversial assumptions: Firstly, the ridge patterns never change during the life of a person; secondly, no two individuals will have the same ridge patterns; lastly, the transferability of an impression of that uniqueness to another surface. (Gianelli, 2006). This allowed for fingerprint analysts to form a procedure which other experts around the world are invited to use, known as ACE-V.

All in all, they tend to repeat the same pattern but never truly form the per-fect shape of the original fingerprint of the parent. Fingerprints are inherited characteristics that will usually only have the same dermatoglyph. They are unique in every other way possible, even if the difference only tends to be a slight ridge difference or a completely different

In other research, eccrine sweat, together with oily substances forms an impression of the finger ridge pattern when a finger touches a surface, known as a latent fingermark (Hazarika & Russell 2012). For enable the latent fingermark to visualize, physical or chemical treatments are required

There are many different types of conditions that can alter a fingerprint. Before being placed on the surface, a fingerprint can be altered based on the health of the skin, the types of residues on the skin. In addition, the fingerprint can be affected by things such as your age, gender, job, or even diseases. The surfaces’ conditions also come into play when leaving behind fingerprints. The material of the surface affects the fingerprint, as well as the temperature, surface residues, and the curvature of the surface. These effects can lead to false positives and other errors in fingerprint analysis because these distortions make there be less of the

Fingerprints are a reproduction of friction skin ridges found on the palm side of the fingers and thumbs. Fingerprint is an individual characteristic because no two fingers have yet been found to possess identical ridge characteristics. Fingerprint remain unchanged during an individual’s

The term paper for this class will discuss a topic that everyone has on his or her body. That topic will cover the all important fingerprint. This paper will accomplish that by reviewing the history, the patterns of, different ways to obtain, and the different uses for the individual 's unique fingerprint.

Generally, two fingerprints have been looked at utilizing discrete components called minutiae. These elements incorporate focuses in a finger's rubbing skin where edges end (called an edge completion) or split (called an edge bifurcation). Normally, there are on the request of 100 details on a ten print. With a specific end goal to hunt and match fingerprints, the organize area and the introduction of the edge at every minutia point are recorded. Figure 4-1 demonstrates a case of the two sorts of details. The particulars are set apart in the correct picture, and the tails on the markers point toward the minutia's introduction.

In 1888, Sir Francis Galton, a British anthropologist, began his observations of fingerprints while studying the hereditary nature of the human body and they it could reveal about an individual. In 1892, after several years of study, Galton published the book Fingerprints. In his book, he established the importance of the individualization characteristics and permanence of fingerprints. Additionally, his book references the features by which fingerprints can be identified. These characteristics, known in forensics as minutia, are still in use today. Moreover, some veterans of the field still refer to them as Galton’s details (Barnes, 2011). Furthermore, in his book, Galton detailed a method of classification which he based on an alphabetical list created by three fingerprint patterns: arch is represented by the letter A, loop is represented by the letter L, and a whorl is represented by the letter W. In order to classify a set of fin¬gerprints using this alphabetic enumeration system, each finger was labeled with the corresponding letter according to its friction ridge pattern. The letters produced using this system, for the right hand’s index, middle, and ring fingers were grouped together, followed by the letters for the same fingers on the hand. After this sequence of letters, the letters produced by this technique for the right thumb and right little finger were added to the sequence, followed by the letters for the left thumb and left little finger (Hutchins, 2011).