In 2016, respiratory infections affected over 250,000 U.S. Service members1 and accounted for approximately 22% of medical encounters among military recruit populations. Seasonal influenza and rhinovirus are two of the leading respiratory pathogens of major military concern in terms of incidence and operational impact3. While incidence of seasonal influenza typically peaks during the winter and spring months, rhinovirus has been shown to remain elevated throughout the year among recruit trainee populations4. Military recruits are uniquely susceptible to respiratory infections. This is largely attributed to factors associated with a shared, closed environment, greater than usual social proximity, as well as physical and mental stress during
Many instances have been noted that healthcare providers are bringing the infection to the patients and not the patients bring the infection to the staff. Furthermore, It is well documented that nosocomial infection occurs (Rice, 2010) and hospitalized individuals face more complications and greater mortality from influenza. Healthcare providers are indirectly causing undo harm to patients that are more susceptible to infections such as influenza. “In nursing home settings, vaccination of healthcare workers has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality among nursing home residents” (Babcock, et al., 2010, p. 459). One study suggests that there is a higher rate of occurrence of influenza among healthcare providers than residents. “In elder-care settings, influenza among staff precedes illness among residents, suggesting that health care workers introduce the virus into the setting” (Anikeeva, Braunack-Mayer, & Rogers, 2009, p. 25).
“Poor food-hard lodging-vomit half my time…” (Waldo, 151). This shows that people are sick. People would be vomiting a lot due to the sickness. “The army which has been surprisingly healthy, now begins to grow sick from the continued fatigues they have suffered this campaign” (Waldo, 151). This even says that people are getting very sick from the conditions. It is also flu season as well, so people are getting smallpox and other illnesses too. Today our commander announced that 2898 people are sick here at valley forge (Busch, 147). It is amazing how so many soldiers here at Valley Forge are still alive after getting sick, and living in these bad conditions. The bad conditions lead to sickness, then the sickness leads to death. Now it’s June and my commander has finally told us that 1800 to 2500 people have died due to sickness or bad conditions (Busch, 147). Once again people have died from bad health or the worse conditions. I do not want to be one of the dead soldiers. I would rather die on the battlefield rather than die from sickness. This is causing me to not re-enlist because if I stayed I would have a high chance of dying. Bad health is bad, but there is worse than the
Sickness is a problem because i have a family to get back to and if i get sick i do not want to die and leave them stranded without someone to provide the with food and shelter.”surprisingly healthy becomes very sick”(waldo)151. This quote shows that even if you think you will stay healthy There is a big chance you will get sick at Valley forge.” From Dec. to June 1800 to 2500 people died at valley forge” (Waldo)147. This shows people are dying off from sickness. This reason is causing me to not re enlist because I don't want to get sick and possibly die or suffer through the sickness that has been going around at valley forge. Sickness is making me very uneasy with all of the people around me I try to stay healthy by keeping clean but I don't know if it is working. Every morning I wonder I can make it any longer. The amount of people becoming sick keeps going
This sort of environment was the perfect place for the Spanish influenza to begin its deadly streak. On March 11, the first cases of the Spanish flu showed up. The doctors did not worry; they believed it was just the flu. However, case after case of influenza came in, and by the week’s end, 522 people were sick. In the end, 48 soldiers died of influenza, and all their deaths were listed as pneumonia because of their frightening symptoms: labored breathing, violent coughs and nosebleeds, high fever, fluid filling the lungs, etc. However, quite suddenly, the influenza disappeared from Fort Riley (Iezzoni 23-24) and followed the path forged by the soldiers rushing to World War 1. It eventually spread around the world (Billings 2).
Based on these concerns, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC) and the Department of Defense (DoD) Center for Deployment Health Research, conducted epidemiologic studies to determine whether adverse health conditions of US service members assigned to locations with burn pits could be attributed to the burn pit emissions. The study looked at respiratory symptoms and diseases, chronic multi-symptom illness (CMI), cardiovascular diseases, lupus, sleep apnea, rheumatoid arthritis, and birth outcomes of infants of parents who deployed. Although, the result of the study was that all health outcomes of personnel that deployed to areas with a burn pit were about the same or lower compared to personnel that never deployed (Armed Forces
Peru, one of the largest countries in Peru, provides a diverse range of climates, terrain, microbes, flora, and fauna. This range of diversity presents unique environmental and medical threats for the deploying U.S. military population and imposes specific pre-deployment, intra-deployment, and redeployment preparations. The purpose of this paper is to provide a medical threat assessment to inform military commanders and their staff as they prepare for Peruvian deployment. This assessment will provide necessary information to optimize the health of service members (SM) prior to deployment, reduce the risk of non-battle injury and disease during deployment, and ensure the continued health of the SM upon
The U.S. Military has been conducting combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan for the last 14 years, over this time the medical treatments developed
To evaluate the study hypothesis, a case-series study design will be used. For this study, the underlying study population will include DoD beneficiaries and U.S. Armed Forces personnel who were on active duty during the study period of 1985-2015. The inclusion criteria will include: 1) study subjects aged 9 years or over, and 2) study subjects with at least one YF vaccination, whereas the exclusion criteria will include: 1) study subjects less than 9 years of age, and 2) subjects without a history of YF vaccination. In order to determine vaccination against YF among subjects during the 20-year study period, we will retrieve vaccination data from three military surveillance systems. These include: 1) the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC);
In the financial part of military health care, things can get a little frustrating. Military health care now is one of the best health cares you can have not, but in the past it has had its flaws. The health care now has a really good strength, good insurance/doctors, and it is not too bad for having to spend money. On the other part the military health care also had problems with people moving, doctor’s, money, and stress on the family.
The first civilization dealt with disorders and provided detailed information about wound management were ancient Egyptians. Wound infections evidently appeared in times of World War I that accounted a significant mortality and morbidity rate among injured soldiers. Currently, around 11 million people worldwide require medical treatment for wound infections, 300,000 die every year. Scientists highlighted the concept of introduction micro-organisms into wounds resulting in an infection. The infected wound was successfully treated with a wide-spectrum antibiotics that can eradicate the pathogenic micro-organisms. Due to extensive use of antimicrobial drugs such as β-lactam, methicillin, vancomycin, etc, new strains with high resistance have
Bleeding. Everyone bleeds. Some more then others and for the most part it’s not a problem but what happens when you can’t stop the bleeding? When it comes to a gun shot or smaller injuries that’s the case a lot of the time and conventional techniques don’t always provide the result that is needed to save someone’s life. As a whole the effectiveness of the tools for stopping blood loss has gone up compared to that of the passed, but there is still a large gap that threatens the well being of a multitude of people. When it comes to war bleeding is a serious problem both in earlier and modern wars, such as according to the USAMRMC “Since mid-World War II, nearly 50 percent of combat deaths have been due to exsanguinating hemorrhage.” which is a huge number of people that were in many cases able to be saved given the correct tools and resources. A fact unbeknownst to a large population is that only a small portion of combat deaths are instant and that over half of the seriously injured troops succumbed before receiving the correct aid.(War Deaths) There is no easy way to stop bleeding when it comes from something traveling at 2,925 fps ripping through your body, but there are good ways of slowing bleeding.
Cutter crud, that’s what Afloat Training Group (ATG) calls the cold-like virus which circulates among Coast Guard cutter crews. Oddly, the crud dwindles by the time ATG arrives. We’ll hear statements like, "The whole Auxiliary division was hit hard last patrol and is just now getting over the crud." It’s surprising that men and women below the age of thirty-five and healthy enough for military service suddenly develop compromised immune systems. However, research by Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University, observed, "...people suffering from psychological stress are more susceptible to developing common colds" (Cohen). With that in mind, outbreaks of illness among crews prior to ATG’s arrival make sense.
Rose. "Not only do soldiers deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan suffer serious respiratory problems at a rate seven times that of soldiers deployed elsewhere, but the respiratory issues they present with show a unique pattern of fixed obstruction in half of cases, while most of the rest are clinically-reversible new-onset asthma, in addition to the rare interstitial lung disease called nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis associated with inhalation of titanium and iron." (Szema).
Since the military protects us, I feel that we should protect them the best we can as our duty. Military members surely need protection from disease to continue to protect us and our nation. The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services states, “As a member of the military, you’ll get vaccines when you enter basic training and before you deploy to protect you from serious diseases. Vaccines are a safe and effective way to stay healthy and protect your fellow military members, your family, and your community” (“Vaccines For Military” par. 3). Vaccines help keep our military members healthy and protected. Biological warfare serves as one of the main reasons that we must protect our military members with vaccines. “Not only are endemic disease of concern for the military, so are potential exposures to agents deliberately introduced into the environment through biological warfare (BW) or bioterrorism, to include toxins… Further, genetically engineered novel threats are now a possibility, which has expanded the scope of military vaccine research and development” (Schmaljohn par.
Besides gaining intrinsic satisfaction from serving courageous service members and their families, I believe military medicine would offer me enormous opportunities to be a well-rounded physician. Military medicine will prepare me with the knowledge as well as the skill sets that allow me to provide care under extreme circumstances and limited resources. Beyond practicing medicine, military life allows me to develop interpersonal skills while providing service in widely diverse communities without geographical constrains. My prior military experiences push me beyond my personal limits and shape me into a mature and dependable person, which play a huge part of who I am today. Over the years, I always value the special bonding I have built with