A good scientific research requires explicit regularization, systemization and coordination of the process of observation, recording and analysis (Ghauri and Gronhang, 2005). Appraising research studies is important because it helps to find out if the research methods and results are valid enough to obtain important information (Fowkes and Fulton, 1991). Some criteria proposed by Lincoln and Guba (1985) used to assess the trustworthiness of qualitative research are credibility, transferability and dependability. Critical evaluation of the study in Mateji et al. (2008) shows that various strategies were adopted in data collection, analysis and interpretation like triangulation and prolonged engagement to enhance the validity and quality of the study.
Interviews have gradually become the main procedure for data collection associated with qualitative studies (Englander, 2012) and are believed to provide a deeper understanding of the different views, beliefs and experiences of study participants (Gill et al., 2008). Following the steps of qualitative research, two central themes were identified in the study in Mateji et al. (2008) and include negative relationship with gynecologists and curative focused treatment.
Summary of key themes
Establishing a set of strategies to enhance the quality of research helps researchers to effectively manage bias and reactivity so legitimizing the findings of the research (Padget, 1998). One of the strategies adopted by the authors in
Qualitative research is subjective data and is often used in the social sciences (Sarantakos 2013, p. 48). Qualitative research is devoted to gathering facts, this can be completed through personal experiences, behaviours, and observations (Sarantakos 2013, p. 46). The purpose of qualitative research is to gather an in depth understanding of human behaviour and the explanations for the behaviour (Martijn & Sharpe 2006, p. 1). An issue with only using a qualitative method is efficacy, qualitative studies cannot address relationships between variables with the degree of accuracy that is required to establish social trends (Sarantakos 2013, p. 46).
Power point slide Qualitative research is a difficult term to define…. Nevertheless, it is important to be familiar with some definitions in the field. The definition provided by Creswell 2009 is enlightening because it incorporates ……….. most important part of definition for me were reports detailed views of informants and natural setting.
In this paper I will analyze two articles, one is quantitative and the other is qualitative. I will describe the quantitative methods used including the research question addressed, the hypothesis, and variables. I will identify the population and sample. I will discuss the reliability and validity of the instruments used. I will then discuss the design of the article and how the findings were analyzed. For the qualitative article, I will identify the design of the article, the methods used and the strategies used for analyzing the data. Lastly, I will look at the implications for practice in the qualitative article, discuss other journals that might be interested in publishing the article and discuss how this article might
The methodology was described with the data collection method. Quantitative and qualitative questionnaire which consisted of closed questions with a choice of fixed answers and free text to enhance qualitative data were sent out in the form of mailshot, followed by telephone call to non-respondents and it was repeated for more wider sample results to gain more evidence to reduce bias (Parahoo, 2006).
These conditions may affect the generalizability of the study, therefore qualitative research has considered has low population validity (Carr 1994). Moreover, Al-busaidi in 2008 asserted that statistical representativeness is not taken into consideration as a prime requirement and is not commonly sought. As a result, qualitative data collection is inefficiency in time and
Qualitative method is using open-ended questioning, non-statistical research techniques, or value-based observations. In this research, three main methodologies are adopted as focus group, distributing questionnaires and conducting personal interviews simultaneously. Methods are all appropriate and contributed to a comprehensive research. The reason is that aim of this research is to acquire an in-depth understanding of
Qualitative data is not numerical and is more likely to take the form of observations or interviews. Obviously, it is very difficult to perform any statistical analysis on this kind of data. A further problem is that another researcher cannot replicate this data and therefore it is difficult to check the validity of what has been written. Researchers using this kind of data must be careful to avoid subjectivity, that is, they must avoid letting their personal beliefs or preferences affect the way they record and interpret the data. The advantage of this form of data collection is that it allows the researcher to answer open-ended questions; consequently, it is more flexible. Qualitative data also provides opportunities to explain the context of an observation and can therefore present a fuller picture (OU, 2001).
A qualitative methodological approach was the obvious choice in that it allows for the collection and interpretation of stories, narratives, interviews and other forms of non-quantifiable data. A qualitative approach also does not demand or strive for detached objectivity of the researcher but instead encourages the disclosure of researcher bias and the engagement of the researcher with the research and subjects, often in the role of participant-observer (Dade, Tartakov, Hargrave, & Leigh,
This paper involves the critical analysis of a quantitative study and qualitative study. The results, discussion and global issues are discussed here. The author tried to identify the validity and trustworthiness of the study by conducting the critique.
This research intends to achieve a qualitative paradigm to allow for in depth opinions and perceptions to be sought (Holliday, 2016; Saldana, 2015). Flick (2008) describes qualitative research to be an ‘interpretive, naturalistic approach to the world’ that
The Background, of a qualitative study, is key to providing the reader enough information in which to create a solid understanding of why the studied phenomenon is important. This section of the article normally consist of the introduction with literature references about the topic, problem statement, and purpose or significance of the study (Nieswiadomy, 2012, p. 305). Unlike quantitated studies, where literature review is conducted early in the study, qualitative researchers normally review literature after they have analyzed their results (Pathmawathi et al., 2015, p.47). Therefore, literature review will be addressed in the discussion section of this article. While some studies would have clear heading indicating where to locate the background
In Validity, Trustworthiness, and Rigor, Rofle exemplifies how to analyze qualitative data in regards to science reports. Rofle describes that the guidelines for analyzing the credibility and information for qualitative research is not clear. Three positions have been made to induce how qualitative data should be analyzed: they want qualitative research to be evaluated as quantitative research, a opposed set of rules should be present, and there should be standard already predetermined. Rofle presumes to analyze the quality of qualitative research each individual research paper should be inspected independently.
The validity of the research assessed through triangulation. Obtaining the data from in several stages through observation, open-ended questionnaire also some questions of the interview helped to have different sources of data that can justify and complete the data.
As advancements are made in science and technology that relates to the care of patients, it is critical for nurses to be aware of the treatments that have been proven to be evidence-based. Systematic research reviews (SRR) are considered to have the highest ranking or level of evidence falling under level 1 evidence for reliability, validity, and least amount of error (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2015, p.607). The aim of this paper is to critique the chosen SRR related to core temperature obtainment in children, relevance of the research problem to nursing practice, rigor of the research found in the SRR to include levels of evidence and designs of included studies, the clarity of findings, summarized findings in the SRR, and the implications for practice.
Qualitative research is the technique that is used as a part of exploratory research and to derive the independent variables. There are different methods through which we can conduct the qualitative research. As a part of this study we have adopted the following methods: