Marisa Caputo
Cjus290-1601b-02
IP Unit 1
2/22/2016
The U.S federal government is made up of three branches, Executive, legislative, and judicial.
The President of the United States is in charge of the executive branch, his role is to enforce the laws that Congress makes. He is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces and, choses the persons to be in charge of federal agencies like the Cabinet, Department of Defense, and the Social Security Administration. The Vice President is also a part of the executive branch, and is on standby should something happen to the President. The Executive Branch employs more than 4 million Americans.
The Legislative Branch is, or otherwise known as Congress. There are two parts of congress, the Senate and the
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In the United States, the Constitution grants certain powers to both the U.S government and State government. By Robert Longley US Government Expert
The criminal justice system is made up of the following role
Law enforcement
Criminal courts
Civil courts
Corrections
Law enforcements role is, but not limited to, preventing crime, writing reports, keeping people safe, investigating, patrolling, and attending court.
Civil Courts Criminal Courts
In a civil suit, one party (the plaintiff) who feels they were harmed brings a complaint against another party (the defendant). Sometimes the government is one of the parties. The government (the plaintiff) brings suit against (prosecutes) a person who they believe has broken the law (the defendant).
Reasonable doubt is not required. A "preponderance of evidence" is enough in most cases. The guilt of the defendant must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
The plaintiff can either ask for monetary relief, or equitable relief
• Monetary relief is when the plaintiff asks for a cash award to remedy the
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If the defendant is convicted, he or she may have to serve time in jail or pay a fine. http://www.civilrights.org/judiciary/courts/difference-civil-criminal-courts.html The role of the correctional system is to make sure that an offender’s sentence is carried out, whether it’s time in jail, prison, or probation. The four goals of corrections are: retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Each state’s corrections is responsible for deciding which policies and methods will be used to reach these goals for all offenders.
The Federal Court System The State Court System
Article III of the Constitution invests the judicial power of the United States in the federal court system. Article III, Section 1 specifically creates the U.S. Supreme Court and gives Congress the authority to create the lower federal courts. The Constitution and laws of each state establish the state courts. A court of last resort, often known as a Supreme Court, is usually the highest court. Some states also have an intermediate Court of Appeals. Below these appeals courts are the state trial courts. Some are referred to as Circuit or District
Executive power is vested in the office of the President of the United States. The President has the dual role of being the chief of state and the head of government. The President is also commander in chief of the armed forces. He issues executive orders, and appoints Supreme Court justices (with senate approval). The president is also called "the chief legislator" because he indirectly proposes many bills, considers all bills from Congress and signs them into law or vetoes them.
Courts are established social, political, and judicial institutions necessary for the manifestation of justice and the maintenance of law and order. The courts are part of the judicial branch of government, as outlined in Article III of the United States Constitution. Courts are the arenas in which the law is tried and applied. Judges are the presiding officers of the court. The United States Supreme Court is the most fundamental court because has "the authority to decide the constitutionality of federal laws and resolve other disputes over them," (United States Courts, 2012). This is true even though even though the court does not expressly enforce that law; enforcement is the province of the executive branch.
Imprisonment as a last resort; that is the usual punishment should be a fine or community service, since imprisonment normally has detrimental effects;
The United States government operates under a federalist system meaning that there are two or more governments who share the same power over one geographic region. In this case it would be the state and federal governments. The 10th amendment of the U.S. Constitution summarizes the idea of federalism, stating that “The powers not delegated to the US by the Constitution, nor prohibited by the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people” (U.S. Constitution). This means that the federal government, whose jurisdiction is very limited, has jurisdiction over some thing while the state government has jurisdiction over
State court systems deal with issues of law relating to those matters that the U.S. Constitution did not give to the federal government such as most matters concerning the regulation of the family such as a marriages, divorces, adoptions; probate courts handle wills and estates. State courts also handle contract cases and tort cases such as personal injuries. State courts are the final arbiters of state laws and constitutions.
this is situations when people start to become aware or their own legal rights and looking to seek compensation. an individual will bring the case forward against another person (defendant) to claim any damages that have been caused.
governments, and it aimed to overturn Plessy. The case was a combination of five different
For starters, the National government has powers known as enumerated powers. Enumerated powers simply mean powers that they belong to the National government, stated in the Constitution. An example of some of the National governments powers is the power to regulate trade (Chapter 4, The Constitution, pg. 222). For example, if a country has unfair trading laws, or its difficult to trade they are in charge of making it so that it is easier and fair. Additionally, they have the power to set up federal courts. A federal court is a court that can only hear
It says in the constitution that the “judicial power of the United States shall be vested in
The legislative branch consists of Congress, Senate and the House of Representatives, executive branch consists of the president of the United States and the judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court. Although the branches are independent from each other one branch has the ability to check on the other two, to make sure no branch steps out of line in a system called checks and balances. An example of how the checks and balances work is that if the president tries to make or pass a law that is unfair the Judicial Branch can declare the action to be unconstitutional. The main purpose of the checks and balances system is to ensure that no branch is given too much power and to make sure that our rights are
29. i) Litigation is when people go to court in order to get a positive ruling for their cause. Interest groups use this technique to force lawmakers to change or add fair
particular type or cases relating to a specific subject matter. Under federal and state jurisdictions,
In legal terms, a government is a set of laws and regulations exerted on a group of individuals. Such an abstract concept, however, would be ineffective without citizens that enforce the established mandates of the government. Thus, the
d. Civil litigation: used to compensate someone for how much money was lost. Must reimburse victim for his loss.
Public interest litigation is the worldwide phenomena adopted by various countries of the world with the object of providing justice to all specially to those who are downtrodden, weak, poor, illiterate unable to approach the court for the enforcement of their rights by themselves. In public interest litigation the rule of locus standi has been relaxed considerably to provide access of justice to all the people despite of their vulnerable conditions, whereby any public spirited person or any organization can come forward in Court of law for the protection of the rights of such people. Since public interest litigation emerged as an advocacy strategy in the US civil rights movement, it has spread to other parts of the world. To varying degrees,