How Telecommunication From Start To Finish
Has Changed Business
Abstract
This paper explores how telecommunications started in the 1800’s and how we have developed this technology in the United State and other countries around the world. It will explain the development of the telephone, cable television, and the internet. There will be a brief history behind each technology and how they all tie into each other now. It will also explain how telecommunication has changed business forever, and will continue to change at an exponential rate. The telecommunication industry has many new jobs that will be explained in this paper. Telecommunications includes voice, video, and Internet communications services. The telecommunications industry
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In the 1940s and 1950s cable television had very poor reception until “community antennas” were built on mountain tops or high points. In the late 1950s “distant signals” began to change the focus of cable’s role from one of transmitting local broadcast signals to one of providing new programming choices. By 1962 there were around 850,000 subscribers and well known corporate names began investing in the business (NCTA, 2010). In the 70s the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) started to enact regulations that limited the cable operators programming. This is the time that the business aspect of cable television became a part of American history. When the cable companies can regulate what people are able to get for free or at a lower rate, they can charge more for other syndicated programming. From 1984 to 1992 the cable industry forked over more than 15 billion dollars on the wiring of America. This was the largest private construction project since World War II. In 2001 there were more than twenty two million cable customers in the United States and now there are over 100 million cable subscribers in the US (NCTA, 2010). From the first broadcast that Hoover made to having 8 million television sets in America it only took about 25 years. Now only 50 to 60 years later there TV’s in cars, their light weight and flat, some are hand held and some up to 77” in size. The one in Dallas Stadium is the largest TV in the world it is
The spread of television has affected American households universally, which started in the 1940s but has continued to make a dramatic surge. There is a trend at that is being captured across televisions in households everywhere. Politics, reality television, social media and public information is being broadcast from household to household. Television has in a way become a mode of how we think and interact with each other. Television is starting to leave that bubble where it was strictly entertainment, now television is becoming a source of what we must believe. The consumer demand for television as spiked dramatically, in the way we view ourselves and perceive others in the world around us is through a television screen. Although we are
Telephone popularity saw an increase in the early 1900's. The telephone began to appear all over the place. The telephone began to be looked upon as a necessity, "By this time the telephone was settling into national consciousness as a fixed and permanent part of American life."2 The telephone allowed people to interact with other types of individuals, and this ability intrigued the American public. The telephone made it possible for contact to take place with people who normally can not because of being apart by large distances. People want to communicate quickly with others, and the telephone makes this happen. By this time the telephone was not a luxury good, but necessary for survival. Cities especially, saw the telephone as an essential part of society; "Literally telephone service is a life-and-death matter to the citizens of every urban community in America."3 Although the telephone was popular in cities, it was surprisingly popular in the rural Midwest. The telephone created a need to know what took place in the world. The Midwest was not as densely populated and the telephone developed an excellent way to communicate the news of the day amongst surrounding communities. Before, one would have to rely on the news spreading via word
The advent of television also caused a great impact in the American society that brought huge changes in the economy. American families during the 1950s started to replace radios, newspapers, and magazines as the leading media entertainment with televisions. They became common for families to unite and watch TV shows at noon. “Television as a product itself influenced the economy, creating what quickly became an essential household item. By 1957, over 40 million TVs were in American households”. Fundamentally, television altered how Americans utilize their free time, but economically there was even a major impact. Businesses around the country started to use the TV for advertising and marketing to sell their products easier. TV commercials
The future of the telecommunication industry is an exciting future. No longer can these companies depend on telephone service plans to maintain profit. Each company needs to find other avenues, packages and services that can be sold to existing customers while attracting new customers. The companies
The advancement and development in delivery of media content has also affected the audience’s behavior in certain manner. In distant past, families use to gather around the only television screen in home and enjoy the prime time programs aired by these limited broadcasters. “Millions of households already have cancelled pay-TV subscriptions - up to 10 million U.S. households are currently broadband-only. And about 45 percent of Americans stream television shows at least once a month, according to research firm eMarketer. That number is expected to increase to 53 percent or 175 million people by 2018.” Anderson, Mae, and Michael Liedtke. "HBO Unleashes Streaming from Cable Contracts." The Charleston Gazette, 16 Oct. 2014. Web.
Cable systems regulations are less strict, but still come with federal limits on ownership. The Cable television consumer protection and competition act of 1992 influenced the congress to direct the FCC to establish two types of limits defining the line between the owner’s reach of operation, “horizontal,” and the cable operator’s integration with content providers, ”vertical.” The horizontal rule provided cable companies with 30 percent national pay, and no more than 40 percent to the vertical rule. These rules were tested in the case of Time Warner Entertainment Co. v. FCC as unconstitutionally arbitrary. The court said, “we recognize that in drawing a numerical line an agency will ultimately indulge in some inescapable residue of arbitrariness… But to pass even the arbitrary and capricious standard, the agency must at least reveal a rational connection between the facts found and the choice made” (pg. 408, ch. 9, The FCC and Broadcast Licensing).
While much of the power of television in the 1960’s can be attributed to the mainstream availability and shear increase in ownership, the delivery format also contributed to its influence. One of the biggest
Television came to America in the late 1940’s, It was call “the home screen”. At the beginning the first telecasts were in bars, this types of business use television to win or retain customers. Many of them install televisions for this purpose. In department stores, they display them in the appliances section of the store. People use to watch the units and start asking about price and installation cost. Television often tune to an early filler or the schedule, professional wrestling. Others retailers temporary enter television retailing. Some like beauty parlors, gas stations, and dry cleaners. In 1940’s television sales took off, by this time the start of individual station in largest cities. The cost of owning and operating a station
The landscape of television has undergone major shifts over the last five years. In 2013, cable companies like Time Warner and Comcast, pulled over 100 million subscribers (Udland) total subscribers. By 2015, that number dipped below 100 million subscribers decreasing by one percent (Udland). In 2013, streaming services like Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon, totaled over 40 million subscribers (Udland). By 2015, they saw a 30 percent increase in subscribers (Udland). While cable still holds dominance in the market, the latest trends have shown that streaming services will overtake them in the near future. Streaming services’ surge in popularity is a result of having a product that provides a superior alternative to cable that accommodates the customer.
Television’s rise of popularity had a strict impact on the 1950’s and the America we know today, both positively and negatively. According to James L. Baughman, ” … an unpublished NBC study indicated that only 9 percent of all homes in South Dakota had TV sets…”. “Until 1955, most homes in America did not own a television. The rate of TV’s in homes, though, increased by 82.8% from 1948-1958. A possible explanation for the sudden rise of popularity in television could be explained by looking at the past. In the past eras, Americans had been threatened, and were still being threatened with the burdens of the Depression and the Cold War (Wright and Press 729). Perhaps the citizens of the US wanted to push their troubles beside and enjoy relaxing with their family, likely by watching their television set. However, “It sent
Although what Ashley Hovey spoke about, the industry of technology and media, is not necessarily in line with my professional interests, it is definitely aligned with my recreational interests. Like many millennials, I am an avid watcher of on-demand streaming services like Netflix/Hulu, and an abandon-er of television. With the growing popularity of non-traditional media sources, there has been a mantra amongst millennial news sources that the medium of TV is dying Thus, it was incredibly interesting to hear Ashley’s perspective, as a person who works in TV, on the state of the industry. For one, it was surprising to hear how important advertising revenues are to big companies like Comcast. Although I knew that advertising revenues are high, I did not know that they are Comcast’s #2 source of revenue and in turn, a lot of its initiatives are aimed towards optimizing ad gains.
The ‘Golden Age of Television’ is what many refer to as the period between the 1950s and 60s when the television began to establish itself as a prevalent medium in the United States. In 1947, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), and the Du Mont Network were the four main television networks that ran stations with regular programming taking place. (Television, 2003) While regular television programming was a new innovation, the television itself had been commercially available for over twenty years prior to the 50s. It was conceived by many worldly innovators and went through several testing stages before it was finally completed in the late twenties. The
The business case presented focuses on insatiable demand amongst a growing population for a service built on dilapidated, poorly maintained infrastructure, against a backdrop of government deregulation in the telecoms sector. As of 1992, there were a mere 78k telephone lines for the 27m people living in 4.7m households (a population set to double over the coming 24 years), with users suffering success rates of just 25%. Demand was forecast to grow to 500k subscribers by 1996. The recent deregulation of the telecoms sector (via the break-up of TPTC into TPC and TTCL) and the formation of a regulator (TCC) had
What do we really mean by television? The way we watch television has drastically changed over the last fifteen years due to new technologies such as digital television and services providing on-demand access. These drastic changes have had a huge effect on viewers and have “allowed online streaming platforms to dominate and revolutionize the way the audience consumes” (Aliloupour) media, ultimately allowing the viewer to be in total control of how, when and where they want their content. The idea of only being able to watch television on a television set is now a thing of the past. Due to technology, the audience now has a vast variety of options on how they can access content. By using scholarly articles, research in new media and Internet sites I will be analyzing current television and where the future of television will be heading.