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Imperialization Of Greek Civilization

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Very few civilizations have had as profound an influence on the world as those of ancient Greece. The Greeks laid the foundations for fields varying from philosophy to political theory to war tactics. However, this influence was not just due to their intelligence or success, but their widespread presence in the Mediterranean. Greek culture was spread throughout their known world in two distinct manners, the foundation of apoikia in the Archaic Age (8th century to 500 B.C. ) and imperialists by poleis, primarily Athens of the Classical Age (490 - 323 B.C ). Though the culture of a mother city (mētropolis) may have spread through two very different manners of “colonization.” The word is not used in the literal sense, but rather hereafter used to mean “spreading of culture”, as the former can hardly be described using the contemporary definition of colonization and the latter was through Athenian empire-building. These developments had a significant impact on ancient Greece and our modern perception thereof. Like most of the ancient world, we can best analyze these methods of colonialism through extant artifacts. I will analyze an inscription of the foundation oath of Cyrene, which recounts the decision and manner in which the island of Thera sent its citizens to the form a new polis, and the fragments of the Lapis Primus, a marble monolith that documented tributes to Athens when the city was at the peak of its imperial age, evidencing the magnitude of their power and influence in the Greek region. The Cyrene inscription is a short oath from the 4th century B.C. that describes, from three centuries prior, the Theran rationale behind forming Cyrene, the manner in which they undertook this expedition, and their perception of the newly formed city. The inscription claims that “Apollo spontaneously ordered” the Therans to send a group of people to Libya in order to form a colony, with their citizen Battos as the king. The Theran assembly decided to send one son from each household, who was in “the prime of life,”4 along with any “free” man who desired to leave, to colonize Cyrene. The assembly threatened anyone who resisted departure with the death penalty and a curse upon him and his descendants. Once the

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