As early as 1600AD scholars and scientists such as Isaac Newton believed that the words written in the Book of Genesis describing the creation of the Earth and mankind were in fact true. According to most biblical timelines the Earth and mankind were created around 6,000 years ago and it has only been within the past 300 years that scientists studying geological along with archaeological evidence that we now know how the Earth was created along with the evolution of humans. Today, a combination of several types of sciences tell us that over 4,000,000,000 years ago the Earth began to form and that the modern human didn't evolve until between 400,000 to 200,000 years ago. Beginning in late 1800 to early 1900AD, a revolution within archaeology …show more content…
Subjects such as Biblical Chronology along with the different people and their methods to determined the timeline or chronology of the events that occurred in the Old Testament. Biblical Longevity explains a few concepts on how the people in the Old Testament lived so long. Biblical Inerrancy describes why there are no errors or mistakes in the Old Testament, which is followed by the groups known as the Apologetics who use different methods of defending the Old Testament. Biblical Criticism explains how the changing world has affected the influence of religion. The theory of Documentary Hypothesis illustrates the who, what, where, why, and how there are errors in the Old Testament. This concept explains why there are repeated stories, different versions of the same story along with contradictions of chronology of events. As an example, after reading Genesis it becomes apparent of the existence of two different versions of the Creation story, three versions of Adam and Eve, two versions of Noah and the Flood, three versions of the wife / sister story, two versions of the Exodus, four versions of the Ten Commandments along with two versions of how Jacob had his name changed to Israel and these are just to name a …show more content…
In order to better illustrate this, the scriptures will be color coded to indicate which group of authors wrote specific verses. There is for example several times where up to three different authors that contributed to just one chapter as well as two authors contributing to just one verse. The scriptures used to illustrate Documentary Hypothesis are from the Septuagint - 1998 Translated Version, Masoretic Text - Jewish Publishing Society 1917 Version, Orthodox Jewish Bible - 2002 Translated Version and the King James Bible - 1611 Version. Panbabylonism explains how the influence from the civilizations and cultures of Mesopotamia affected the development of the Old Testament. Written in the Old Testament are stories such as the Creation, the Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve, Noah and the Flood, the Tower of Babel, Moses and the Ten Commandments. All of these came from Mesopotamian mythologies such as the Enuma Elish, the Eridu Genesis, the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Epic of Atra-Hasis and Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta that similar content or parallel story lines. When applicable, comparisons between the stories from the Old Testament and Panbabylonism are placed in a side by side comparison such as the Creation story from the Old Testament and the Sumerian creation myth called Enuma Elish or the story of Noah and the Flood when put next to the Epic
The argument over the material that is comprised of the first five books of the Bible and that Moses was the author is speculated to be hypothetical. The data that led scholars to arrive at the Documentary Hypothesis points out that there is no evidentiary support or documentation to back up the information claimed in the first five books. The Documentary Hypothesis includes repetition, shows similarities, reflects inconsistences,
Creation stories are symbolic accounts of how the world and its inhabitants came about. These stories first developed in oral traditions, so there are multiple accounts of them from different cultures and societies. The Babylonian Creation story, the Genesis Creation story, and the Sumerian story of the Creation of Enkidu are examples of these and the similarities are interesting. As Dennis Bratcher states, “Because of many parallels with the Genesis account, some historians concluded that the Genesis account was simply a rewriting of the Babylonian Story. As a reaction, many who wanted to maintain the uniqueness of the Bible argues either that there were no real parallels between the accounts or that the Genesis narratives were
With the discovery of texts from ancient civilizations, many people have come to believe that various texts are common to one another. Examples of these texts are the creation stories from the Hebrews found in the Bible, The Hymn of Ra from the Egyptians, and the Enuma Elish stories from the Babylonians. In addition to these stories are the flood stories. These stories have caused many discussions among scholars involved with ancient civilizations.
The Old Testament is the largest part of the bible nestled behind the leather binding in the front of the book. Unlike most books, told from one-person or even two this is comprised of multiple, some stories even having two different versions in another point of view; over time it has become a large collection of ancient texts written and re-written by different authors and editors over the many years. The stories show the ancient Israelites, they show the laws, and rituals, which make up their religion and the small embers, which will one day, turn to a flame that is Christianity. The Jewish people view these stories as collected in what they call the Torah, is the collection for what makes up their history and the promise that God gave to them, as well as their laws and what they worship today. For the Christians the Old Testament is still seen as sacred, but most place a stronger importance to the New Testament.
timeline of modern humans, Homo sapiens, and how long they have been in existence. According to mainstream science, popular belief holds that the history of our species is confirmed to be confined to the past 12,000 years. This figure is a culmination based on what we know about evolution and what we have been able to gather through fossil analyzation and dating of artifacts as well as human remains. Although the subject of human antiquity, also referred to as human origins, does not prompt a great deal of debate there may actually be the need for some. A reexamination of the notion that humans have only existed a mere 12,000 years should be considered as there may be evidence to support a much greater antiquity of modern human life. Alternative researchers have offered up evidence of “forbidden archeology” that contradicts the mainstream beliefs of human origins, however these discoveries seem to have been swept under the scientific rug.
“By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. Then God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done” (“BibleGateway”). In the Bible it says that God created the world within six, 24 hour days. However, many people believe in either evolution, or theistic evolution. The question, “How did we get here,” has been asked for centuries. Still people try to prove their side of the story to be correct. Whether that be through the belief in Creation or Evolution. The two main points that are discussed most often are the secular world view and the biblical perspective.
There were at least 3 views of how the Old Testament was composed which include the critical view, the compositional view, and the common view. Each view was somewhat similar and different in the aspects that gave it it's own characteristics. The main point of this discussion is to focus on the similarities and differences of each view which are but not limited to how the bible was created, the process, and design.
Many people ask questions about how was the first human created? Anthropologists work day and night to try to find the answer to this question. One lead they do have is the discovery of a first human fossil in Ethiopia. Scientists believed that through looking at the timeline of the fossil the first human appeared originally at 2.8 million years. But discovered that the first human was 400,000 years older that they thought.
The Documentary Hypothesis uses the Yahwist (J), Elohist (E), Deuteronomist (D), and Priestly (P) sources to explain the anachronisms and other anomalies found within the texts of the Old Testament. The J source is thought to be from the 10th Century BCE while Israel was under a centralized Kingship. The E source of the 9th Century BCE is thought to be a perspective from the Northern Kingdom. The following 7th Century BCE gave rise to D source thought to be from relatively new ideas of centralized worship during the reform period. The P source is thought to be the last of the sources generally placed during the Persian Period, vaguely understood to be sometime after the fall of the temple in 587.
Overall, in this class session we discussed about the documentary hypothesis. The documentary hypothesis can be taken how the Kojiki, a story based on serval documents. Furthermore, we learned that the Hebrew Bible is based on four individual documents. However, for our class propose, we are only going to be talking about two, the J source and P source. The J source can be hypothesis that it’s the older source based on the grammar. As well, because the usage of anthropomorphic characteristic when the source is referring God. In the J source, God is referred as Yahweh. The P source is more sophisticated because it’s more detailed. Prof.Bathgate also talked about the movie Noah. He told the class that the idea of having film, poem, etc. being
Through the timelines provided by the Bible between the time of Adam to the coming of Christ into the world, which is approximately four thousand years and from the time of his death to the current date, which is approximately two thousand years (Jewett, & Shuster, 2001). However, the earth has been in existence for a much longer period of time. As earlier indicated, there seems to be a time gap between verses one and two of Genesis. Isaiah 45:18 states that God did not create the earth without form and void, but for it to be inhabited.
The Old Testament consisted of a set of documentations of religious scriptures, which were written by different people at various times for a different audience. Most of the Old Testament contains short stories of traditional stories and those stories of distinguished ways God established mankind. These stories are often told to the people in narrative form, which are guidelines often referred to as laws, songs, genealogies, and a list from these authors that composed the Old Testaments. The pressing of set documentation is essential because it is the framework for the lives of God 's followers. The term “Old Testament” originated as a means to express spoken traditions and God 's creation of that particular era. It is an method of philosophical investigation was designed to answer the why questions within these spiritual text documentations. These religious documentations consisted of four parts. These four sections retrieved from the Old Testaments are the laws, history, wisdom and prophecy. The laws are a rule of behavior enforced within the community. The rules are sometimes called “Torah.” When analyzing this Torah, these rules viewed within the first five spiritual books of the Bible. For example, in the first Torah in Genesis, it explains the creation, Noah’s Flood, Abraham and Isaac, and Joseph’s coats of many colors. However, the laws in Exodus were in regards to the going out. The going out took about 40 plus years, until the people led to
According to astronomical research and geological evidence, scientist indicate the universe is approximately thirteen thousand eight hundred and twenty billion years old. The first link to humanity started with a primate group called Ardipithecus. While our ancestors have been around for about six million years, the modern form of humans only evolved about two hundred thousand years ago. The age of the Earth is estimated about four point fifty four billion years because that is the age of the oldest rocks with fossil evidence of life on earth. The oldest rocks on Earth found to date are the Acasta Gneisses in northwestern Canada near the Great Slave Lake, which are four point three billion years old. The study of the origin of life on Earth, more specifically abiogenesis, is the natural process of life arising from non-living matter. Life on Earth is believed to have began from organic compounds about three point eight to four billion years ago. Despite several competing theories for how life arose on Earth scientist only know when life first appeared on Earth and are still far from answering how it appeared. Since it is hard to prove or disprove them, no fully accepted theories of the origin of life exists.
Thousands of years that have passed since the creation of man but, there is still controversy on how old the earth really is and how evolution has changed the planet over time. The story of creation is an important factor to Christianity because it sets the foundation of its Faith and what Christians believe in. There are many philosophers that have different points of view on how the earth and universe were created, but the problem with these beliefs is that none of them can prove how old the earth truly is. The question that individuals have and cannot seem to find an answer too is: Is the world is young or old and how can the question be answered?
While the Earth has been around for 4.6 billion years and our ancestors have been around for about six million years, the modern form of humans is claimed to have evolved only about 200,000 years ago. The present civilization it is only about six thousand years old, and the industrialization era started in full