Olaudah Equiano, Frederick Douglass And Harriet Jacobs Essay

    According to Abraham Lincoln, “Slavery is founded on the selfishness of man’s nature; opposition to it on his love of justice”. Frederick Douglass published a book on his life that he wrote in 1845, titled “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass”. It has been said that he followed in the footsteps of Olaudah Equiano who also written an autobiography known as “Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano in 1789. In the book the “Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass”, the author takes his reader with him on his personal life journey to when he was born into slavery all the way until his freedom. The author introduces the beginning the narrative by saying that he is from Tuckahoe, Maryland continues by telling the reader that his mother named Harriet Bailey and was an African-American woman, who also had African American parents who were both colored. However, it has been said that his father was a white man that was also his master. Additionally, Douglass was separated from his mother when he was an infant and he never saw her to really know her as his mother.  According to the author, he says he had two master in his lifetime, the first named, Captain Anthony who was a cruel man.

In this paper I will compare the writings of Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass. I will touch on their genre, purpose, content, and style. Both authors were born into slavery. Both escaped to freedom and fought to bring an end to slavery, each in their own way. Both Jacobs and Douglass have a different purpose for their writings.

The introduction of Africans to America in 1619 set off an irreversible chain of events that effected the economy of the southern colonies. With a switch from the expensive system of indentured servitude, slavery emerged and grew rapidly for various reasons, consisting of economic, geographic, and social factors. The expansion of slavery in the southern colonies, from the founding of Jamestown in 1607 to just before America gained its independence in 1775, had a lasting impact on the development of our nation’s economy, due to the fact that slaves were easy to obtain, provided a life-long workforce, and were a different race than the colonists, making it easier to justify the immoral act.

Slavery (noun): a condition compared to that of a slave in respect of exhausting labor or restricted freedom. Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass were both born into slavery, and both suffered the consequences of American ignorance. Jacobs and Douglass provided a brutally honest truth through their poetry about slavery, and how white Americans interpreted slavery. Everyone was subject to Jacobs and Douglass’ assessment on how differently people interpreted what slavery meant – just a means of labor – in both the free Northern states and the rural South. It was their goal to illuminate the brutality of slavery, and how important abolishing slavery was.

Farming and building houses on plantations in extreme heat from the beating sun without water does not sound enticing to anyone with the modern technological amenities available in today's world. However, slaves all around the world were subjected to harsh treatment and grueling tasks like these throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. As a way of spreading accounts of these miserable lifestyles, slaves Frederick Douglass and Olaudah Equiano documented their horrifying experiences and published accounts of them. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano highlight the cruelty towards slaves during the era of realism. Although these autobiographies contain many similarities

Both Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs had similar experiences in regards to their owners getting more involved with religion resulting in a change in the treatment of their slaves. Frederick Douglass’ slave-owner in 1832 was a man called “Captain Auld” by his slaves. Douglass describes him as a “slaveholder without the ability to hold slaves”. However, after attending a Methodist camp-meeting and experiencing religion, Auld becomes crueler. Douglass had the slightest hope that Auld’s involvement with religion would incline him to emancipate his slaves or—at the very least—be more humane and kind. Douglass was disappointed. “Prior to his conversion, he relied upon his own depravity to shield and sustain him in his savage barbarity; but after his conversion, he found religious sanction and support for his slaveholding cruelty.” The man became more involved in religious activity; it became a part of his everyday life. Douglass provides an example of his master’s usage of religious sanction for cruelty and brutality. Douglass witnesses Auld tie up and whip a young woman while justifying his actions with a passage of Scripture— “He that knoweth his master’s will, and doeth it not, shall be beaten with many stripes.” Harriet Jacobs had a comparable experience. “When I was told that Dr. Flint had joined the Episcopal church, I was much surprised. I supposed that religion had a purifying effect on the character of men; but the worst persecutions I endured from him were after he

Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass both wrote narratives that detailed their lives as slaves in the antebellum era. Both of these former slaves managed to escape to the North and wanted to expose slavery for the evil thing it was. The accounts tell equally of depravity and ugliness though they are different views of the same rotten institution. Like most who managed to escape the shackles of slavery, these two authors share a common bond of tenacity and authenticity. Their voices are different—one is timid, quiet, and almost apologetic while the other one is loud, strong, and confident—but they are both authentic. They both also through out the course of their narratives explain their desires to be free from the horrible practice of slavery.

In the United States, slavery had an overwhelming impact on their political, social, and economical. Jamestown, Virginia in 1619, the first African slaves were brought into the United States. Reasons were because the tobacco, sugar, rice, and coffee fields were expanding which led to increasing the demand for labor. The Atlantic slave trade was an inhuman systematic importation of slaves between the African traders, American planters, and the European merchants bargaining over human lives which led to the Middle Passage. 1675-1775, the slaves were the backbone of monoculture labor and so it was put into law to keep the Africans as slaves. “So prevalent was this Italian-operated slave trade that the word “slave” was derived from the word “Slav,” name for people from Slavic countries” (Williams 3). In both seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the African-American slaves helped build the economic foundations of the new nation.

After the Thirty Years War, Europe’s economy was depressed leaving many laborers without work. A life in the “New World,” gave European Immigrants a new sense of hope. Indentured Servants were people who sold their labor voluntarily in exchange for free passage to the “New World,” and given housing upon their arrival. They were willing to enter an agreement to work for a specified amount of time, nor were considered the property of the contract holder. Alike in certain aspects, however, divergent in many areas of Indentured Servants, in the early 1600’s Slavery began in America when the first African Slaves brought to the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. Virginia was one of the first states to acknowledge slavery in its laws, to aid the production of lucrative tobacco crops. In 1670. The law that defined which people could be enslaved declared, “all servants not being Christians imported into this colony by shipping shall be slaves for their lives.” (Norton, Mary Beth. (2015). Initially, slaves were treated as Indentured Servants and given much freedom until eventually slave laws were passed. When the slave laws were passed this had seized any freedoms that might have existed for African Americans. The colonies began to reflect contradictions between Indentured Servants and Slaves. “More important, the laws began to differentiate between races: the association of “servitude for natural life” with people of African descent became common.” (Law

Throughout the history of our United States, many factors have contributed to the ultimate growth and development of the magnitude of our present-day economy. None, however, could be the compared to the size of the impact attributed to the institution of slavery in the Antebellum South during the 1800’s. And although slavery is considered today to be “the most inhumane institution,” there is no denying the fact that its existence substantially benefitted the prosperity of the American economy during the time of its practice. The account of one man during this time, a slave, shows us another glimpse into the period which was so heavily influenced by slavery and another point of view from which we can interpret and hope to use in order to understand

Men and Women’s treatment has been different as long as the two have been around to notice the difference. Even in the realm of slavery women and men were not treated the same although both were treated in horrible ways. Harriet Jacobs and Fredrick Douglass’ story is very similar both were born into slavery and later rose above the oppression to become molders of minds. In time of subjugation to African Americans these two writers rose up and did great things especially with their writing. Both Douglass and Jacobs’ experienced different types of slavery, it shaped their perspective on everything and it also shows the importance of their freedom.

Olaudah Equiano was a slave at the age of 11 in the West Indies. He was enslaved to a captain in the Royal Navy and a Quaker merchant. He witnessed slavery in the Mediterranean, the Caribbean, the Atlantic, and the Arctic. Olaudah Equiano paicipated in the movement to abolish the slave trade. He wrote and published his own narrative of his life. The interpretation of his memoir should not be affected by his birthplace. His travels throughout the world makes him a witness to the Slave trade.

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano was written in 1789 during the Middle Passage (Equiano, 1790). The Middle passage was a harrowing experience that described the terror and hardship of the transatlantic slave trade. The story was written by Olaudah Equiano himself at a time when slaves were being shipped across the Atlantic to work for the whites. They were transported in demeaning and dehumanizing conditions at the bottom of the deck overly crowded with little or no ventilation that prompted suffocation. The economic setting prevalent at that time was one that depended on waterways and water transportation to get goods from coast to coast. Slavery was also a booming business that was beneficial to both the African brokers who drove the natives to the conviction of a better life and opportunities across the Atlantic and stroke deals with their white bosses at almost no cost. It was like giving away their countrymen for free. The whites were accorded a ready market for the slaves whom they endowed for their manpower, resilience and their hard work and tendency to work well even when subjected to the harshest of conditions. The slaves were deported to Europe to offer cheap and affordable labor especially at a time when industrialization was dominating the European market. The writer is clearly from an unexposed background and has been groomed all his life to believe in their inferiority and their powerlessness before the white men, their masters. They

Slavery is perhaps the largest and ugliest blemish on the supposed “perfect” face of the American dream. History books recount decades of Caucasian Americans exerting their dominance over those of different, racial background. Perhaps the most discussed is the enslavement of the African-American population in the name of privilege and progress. Tensions culminate throughout the years until finally, the only thing powerful enough to destroy this evil empire rears its ugly head: war. It is no surprise then, that such a powerful and disgusting time is the subject of a vast amount of literary works. Two well-known authors who tackle this painful topic are Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs. Both Douglass and Jacobs provide deep insights into the life of slavery by recounting their actual experiences. These autobiographies possess great power, though they are by no means carbon copies of each other. There are more familial elements in Harriet’s account than Douglass’s, providing a more complex view in Harriet’s case. In addition, while both slaves clash with their masters, Douglass relies on more straightforward tactics. Meanwhile, Harriet relies on cunning to outwit those who oppress her. These differences ensure uniqueness without sacrificing a powerful impact. Indeed, both accounts provide a powerful, personal peek into the everyday life of a slave, alerting the reader in a way that no other work can.

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano is a particularly interesting object because it is primary, in that he is telling us, in the first person, about his own experiences. He was a slave in Virginia for a short period of time, but the majority of Equiano 's life as a slave was serving the captains of slave ships and British navy vessels. Following his life journey can allow us to trace his experiences and thoughts that may not be reported by the conductors of the slave trade--where the majority of information on the slave trade comes from.