Parenting Styles Across Cultures

Parenting techniques are different around the world, which is strongly related to how culture has a direct impact on families (Nelson, Nelson, Hart, Yang, & Jin, 2016). For example, East Asian parents try to teach values of honesty, honour, and individualism to their children; meanwhile, Western parents are more likely to endorse a collectivist approach to life, with characteristics like unselfishness, obedience, and respect (Park, Coello, & Lau, 2016). The ways that a Canadian child and Japanese child grow up are very different. Cultures significantly influence both parents’ perceptions and their parenting behaviors.

It is true that the ways the parents raise their children will decide how well the children grow, especially the mothers who impact their children the most. There is no right or wrong in how a mother takes care of her children. All of them want the best for their children. The only difference is the level of intensity in how to raise a child. In Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior, Amy Chua, a professor at Yale Law School believes that the ways Chinese mothers raise their children are the most effective ways. Her main purpose of this article is to state the differences between Western mothers and Chinese mothers which

This differs between cultures. A person’s culture affects how he or she is going to raise their child due to the customs and values they were brought up with. Parents in Asian cultures tend to be stricter and have higher expectations for their children then most European cultures. Ruth Chao and Vivian Tseng, authors of “Parents of Asians,” states, “Similar to the greater endorsement of parental authority among Asian and Asian American parents, studies find that they also have stronger expectations for their children” (Chao and Vivian 68). Furthermore, the relationships in the Asian American texts we’ve read illustrate these qualities in parenting in this

Different parenting styles, which include: permissive, uninvolved, authoritarian and authoritative, have different effects on children’s development and their future success and outcomes. Many parents do not realize how crucial parenting styles are on their child’s development and future. Some parents tend to seek alternative methods such as listening to music, and staying active during pregnancy in efforts of changing their child’s development and intelligence. However, after birth and during adolescence are the times when parents play a huge and crucial role in shaping their child’s development and intelligence. According to Turner, Chandler, and Heffer (2009), parenting styles have consistently been related to youth psychopathology, behavior

Parenting is different for everyone, but is any one way really better than the other? Amy Chua, a professor at Yale University, believes that the strict parenting style of Chinese mothers is the way to go. She believes that her strict and often harsh parenting style contributed to the success of her daughters. Chinese parents believe that if their children are successful, it is a reflection of the parents. Hanna Rosin, a contributing editor for the Atlantic, has very different views from Ms. Chua about the correct parenting style. Ms. Rosin believes that the more relaxed, nurturing, and self-led style of Western parenting is the better way to raise children. She believes that placing your children under immense pressure can produce

Parenting and parenting practices vary around the world, and among different cultures. While the society and culture in which a family lives can help to explain the norms for parenting practices to an extent, Henslin claims that social class affects parenting practices more than race or ethnicity (2014, p. 464). Meanwhile, Amy Chua states there is a divide between “Chinese Moms” and Western parents (2011).

One day, Amy Chua decided to write an essay called, “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior.” Amy Chua is a professor at Yale Law School. Chua is a Chinese woman with two daughters. In the essay, Chua compared the differences between Chinese and Western parenting styles. There are different ways of parenting being used everywhere; the four main parenting styles include, Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, and Uninvolved. In the essay Chua made it clear that Western and Chinese parenting styles differ. I tend to agree, as well as disagree with the examples and statements Chua used to compare the way they differ. I believe Chua did an amazing job contrasting Chinese and Western parenting styles.

Given the diverse cultures that can shape parenting behavior, some basic assumptions regarding the links between parenting styles and developmental outcomes may not be universal. Much research has been conducted on the different parenting styles across cultures. There are also many myths about which parenting style is the best or the most beneficial to the social development of children. Reviewing past literature on this subject matter reveals that the authoritarian parenting style produced more overt aggression and many more social interaction difficulties among young children. Recent research point to the theory that the best parenting style is dictated by the culture in which it is practiced.

The most successful child-rearing practice is the authoritative style. This particular style involves warm, caring, attentive and patient parenting. Parents are also perceptive to their child’s needs. All these characteristics allow for a close bond with their child. In addition, they permit gradual autonomy by allowing their children to make decisions once they show signs readiness. Parents who use this style offer encouragement to express how they feel and think without judgement. If disagreements occur, parents involve them in joint-decision making. Parents place reasonable demands on their child, but at the same time offer explanations as to why they are enforced. Because of this, children are normally more compliant.

The culture in which children live has a strong influence on the way children see an authoritarian parenting style as normal or not normal. For example, Japanese children tend to feel rejection when their parents are less controlling with them and these children see this as a lack of affection and love to them. On the other hand, children who live in the United States and European countries with authoritarian parents tend to feel the rejection of their parents because of what they see as an extreme control. Furthermore, they found that in a collectivist cultural group there are higher rates of maternal authoritarianism for them, in contrast with individual cultural groups. An authoritarian parenting style seems as normal among children in collectivists groups. In contrast, an authoritarian parenting style was related with negative emotions in children. Valera and Vernberg (2004) found that according to the Mexican culture that exhibits more authoritarian practices, Mexican American parents have higher rates of authoritarian parenting in comparison with Caucasian non-Hispanic parents. Besides, Mexican descendent parents had more authoritarian practices in comparison with Caucasian non-Hispanic

The main purpose of the present study was to further examine one type of parenting style called authoritative parenting style that may influenced

As the social, emotional, and academic effects vary in children and adolescent, the choice of parenting style should be an informed decision to ensure their individual needs are met. Some children raised in dramatically different environments can later grow up to have very similar personalities. Conversely, children who are raised in the same environment can grow up to have opposite personalities. Despite these inconsistencies, researchers have found a direct correlation between parenting styles and the effects these styles have on children. Research has identified four main parenting styles based on two aspects of parenting behavior, control, and warmth. When these two aspects of parenting behavior merge, four primary parenting styles occur, authoritative, authoritarian and permissive. Authoritarian parenting provides strict parental control with little to no warmth. Authoritative parenting provides intermediate control and warmth, and permissive parenting provides little parental control and considerable warmth. Each of these parenting styles has a direct

depicted a parenting style filled with warmth, acceptance, engagement, independence, and support. Many Western families adopt the same authoritative approach and raise successful children to adulthood. Authoritative parents “recognize children’s individuality, encourage verbal exchange, engage in joint decision-making, and insist that children progressively assume more responsibility for responding to the needs of other family members within the limits of their capabilities” (Marsiglia, Walczyk, Buboltz, Griffith-Ross, “Impact of Parenting Styles…”). Authoritative parents are responsive to their children, knowing when to back away to foster independence and when to support them. Based on Chua’s stance on parenting, she might scoff that an authoritative parent would not produce successful, confident children, but that is far from the truth. Children of authoritative parents are self-reliant, demonstrate social and academic competence, exhibit fewer problem behaviors and fewer mental health problems than authoritarian parents (Waterman, Lefkowitz, “Are Mothers’ and Fathers’ Parenting Characteristics…”). Children of authoritative parents have been linked to perfectionism throughout their college years, exhibiting higher grades, being task-involved, and better rapport with instructors (Waterman, Lefkowitz, “Are Mothers’ and Fathers’ Parenting Characteristics…”). Authoritative parents foster more secure attachments with their children, leading to positive working habits such as independent reading, planning for the future, and taking the initiative to solve academic problems which leads emerging adults to have better academic performance and adjustment. Empirical research has also discovered that authoritative parenting is associated with emerging adult’s better study skills and higher GPA (Waterman, Lefkowitz, “Are Mothers’ and Fathers’ Parenting

There are 4 Different styles of parenting which are Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, and Uninvolved, and each one can affect a children’s growth and development. Authoritarian parenting is when a parent is strict towards their children and creates a set of rules for the children to follow without exception and without any reason. Negotiations also are not allowed between the child and parent. Also, parents may punish the child instead of consequences. Authoritative parenting is also when a parent creates a set of rules for the child to follow, but the parents are not strict and they have an exception to the rules and often tells the child the reason for the rules and why it’s needed to be followed. Parents who are authoritative, gives the child freedom of expression and also, parents tend to use consequence, instead of punishment to teach the child good behaviours and some parent uses rewards.

The ritual by which social and cultural stability are attained has been directed by the primary influence of parents' child cultivating approaches and behaviors during child development. The fact that not all parents participate in such growth-promoting child-rearing raises a fundamental question that was disregarded until 15 to 20 years ago: “Why do parents parent the way they do” (Belsky, 2005)? When it comes to parenting, the demeanor and strategies, in which parents practice, in order to efficiently integrate their children into society defines parenting style. Studies encompassing parenting styles show that no two styles are considered similar. Jay Belsky, professor of psychology, uses his process model of the determinants of parenting to emphasize, “the social-contextual factors and forces that shape parenting” (Belsky, 2005). According to Belsky, these parental influences include “(a) attributes of children; (b) the developmental history of parents and their own psychological make-up; and (c) the broader social context in which parents and this relationship are embedded“ (Belsky, 2005).