Psychological Disorder Paper Psy/450 University of Phoenix Amanda Kettinger 3 July 2010 Psychological Disorder Many mental disorders vary from person to person and in its on severity. All disorders have both a physical and psychological components. Abnormal behavior is difficult to define. Behavior may also be evaluated by whether it conforms to social rules and cultural norms, an approach that avoids reproachful nonconformists as irregular for behavior that, although strange, may not violate social standards and may even be valued in their culture. What people consider a violation of norms can be affected by culture diversity; often culturally relative, understood by the culture in which it occurs (The Gale Encyclopedia …show more content…
Bipolar Disorder and Human Development Most studies of bipolar disorder show that this illness tends to be familial with significantly higher risk in relatives of bipolar probands compared to the general population. Research suggest that imbalances of neurotransmitters norepinephriine and serotonin may cause depression and mania. The left frontal-lobe that is active during positive emotions is inactive during depressive episodes. There is a small area in the prefrontal cortex that triggers bother the sadness and the mania of bipolar depression (Huffman & Piggrem, 2003). According to [The Journal Of Clinical Investigation, 2009)] [citied]--”Because of the elevated morbidity and mortality suffered by individuals with the disorder, BPD has been increasingly recognized as a major health problem. Despite advances in its diagnosis and recognition, the underlying neurobiology of BPD remains largely unknown. It is thought that BPD is a multi-factorial disease that results from a combination of different genetic profiles, characterized by the presence of various protective and/or preventive genes relative to susceptibility and risk genes as well as environmental influences, including chronic stressors, and traumatic.” Bipolar and Socialization Psychosocial factors have been correlated with the development and maintenance of mood disorders. Psychosocial theories focus on
“Bipolar disorder, also commonly known as manic depression, is defined as a serious mental illness in which common emotions become intensely and often unpredictably magnified. Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly alternate from extremes of happiness, energy and clarity to sadness, fatigue and confusion. All people with bipolar disorder have manic episodes abnormally elevated or irritable moods that last at least a week and impair functioning. But not all become depressed ” (American Psychological Association, 2015). Bipolar disorder can vary in each individual. The symptoms fluctuate in pattern, severity and rate of recurrence. Some people are more susceptible to either mania or depression, while others change proportionately between the two types of episodes. Some have frequent mood disruptions, while others live through a few throughout their lifetime.
Many researchers have conducted family studies to determine that bipolar disorder is drawn via genetic endowment (Goodwin and Jamison, 1990) bipolar disorder studies inform us the aetiology includes genetic variants that increase an individual’s susceptibility to bipolar disorder. The research undertaken by Antypa et al. (2014) and Baum et al. (2008) emphasized the importance of evaluating individuals risk of bipolar
There is no known specific pathophysiology that is associated with Bipolar spectrum disorder, nonetheless, it’s thought that this disorder arises from many areas such as, genetic, physiological, environmental, epigenetics and psychosocial
Moreover, a further weakness is that controversy may also surround some of the lists of symptoms categorized as mental disorders and biases may occur. The DSM-IV fails to specify a difference in occurrence rates between males and females. Unlike prior editions which indicated that some disorders occurred more often in males than females and vice versa (Nathan, & Langenbucher, 1999). This may result in a possible gender bias. Another possible bias includes people’s cultures, which may accept certain symptoms as normative (Gray, 2002). For example, it is believed that males
Mania may be related to high norepinephrine activity along with a low level of serotonin activity. Some researchers have also linked bipolar disorders to improper transport of ions back and forth between the outside and the inside of a neuron’s membrane, others have focused on deficiencies of key proteins and other chemicals within certain neurons, and still others have uncovered abnormalities in key brain structures. Genetic studies suggest that people may inherit a
Proof written by David Auburn goes through the life of an esteemed mathematician plagued by mental illness. In the beginning of the play Proof we are introduced to a professor at a local Chicago College named Robert. We first are introduced to Robert through a delusion of Catherine’s, another main protagonist of David auburns play. Auburn shows Robert’s genius and madness at various stages throughout the play. Auburn goes on throughout his play to exemplify the impact mental illness has on everyday family life.
Scientist studying bipolar disorder don't really know what causes this illness. Researchers state that if a parent or sibling have bipolar disorder it is passed down in genes to their children. Another one of the causes might be having abnormal brain structure and brain function. It is also said that if the child or adult have anxiety problems they are more likely to develop this disorder. There
After watching the PBS Frontline films, I wanted to see what information there is about bipolar and what do people think cause it. What I found was that doctors do not really know what causes it, but they do believe that it seems to run in families and how it could partly be caused by the brain circuits and neurotransmitters having problems. There are three chemicals in the brain, which are noradrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine, that are involved with the function of the body and the brain (Webmd). When anyone of these are damaged it can result in the person having mental or mood disorders. There have been studies that show that people who have certain genes can get bipolar disorder and pass them on to their family. There has also been research
Bipolar disorder is typically a condition that affects people in their late teens and early adulthood. It is usually not thought to affect a child but it is something that, if present at a young age, can seriously affect the way a child grows up. Bipolar disorder affects every aspect of a person’s life and is not as understood as it should be. Researchers are still looking for the cause of this illness and how it can be treated but overall it is a condition that many people are undereducated on and that is something I’m hoping this paper might be able to change for some.
Psychological disorders are stated to be abnormalities of the mind, known as mental disorders (Klasco, 2011). Abnormalities of the mind cause persistent behaviors that affect an individual’s daily function and life (Klasco, 2011). The different types of psychological disorders include mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders (Klasco, 2011). The causes of these disorders are unknown, but factors that contribute to these disorders include childhood experiences, chemical imbalances in the brain, illnesses, heredity, stress, and prenatal exposures (Klasco, 2011). Psychological disorders can be serious and can be life-threatening
the exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown but several factors may be involved, such as biological differences, some seem to have physical changes in their brain, neurotransmitters seem to play a significant role in bipolar disorder, bi polar disorder is more common in people who have a relative such as a sibling or parent with the condition, researchers are trying to find genes that may be involved in causing bipolar disorder. (Mayo clinic staff, ND).
As scientists continue their research on mental illness, it is becoming clear that many of these disorders are caused by a combination of factors, including changes in the brain and environmental stress. (Goldberg)
Where and how bipolar disorder is caused is still a bit of a mystery. Some information is known but nothing concrete, and a lot of dead ends. Genetic predisposition is one possible cause for bipolar disorder. The disease usually can be seen throughout a family tree of an affected individual. Twin studies have been conducted to see if there is a higher chance of identical twins, who have the same genetic make up, both getting the disease. These have shown that there is an increased likely hood of one twin to have bipolar disorder if the other has it, but it is not a certainty. The gene for bipolarity has mainly been traced to chromosome 18 as well as some others. It is uncertain which is responsible because it has been found in some cases that chromosome 18 is unaffected in bipolar patients. It is most likely that bipolar disorder is linked