Subject Matter Jurisdiction In Criminal Justice

A court can exercise personal jurisdiction over any person or business that abides within a certain geographic area, or any out of area defendant as long as there was minimum contact with the area to justify jurisdiction. Each state has its own long arm statue in place that defines minimum contact. Personal jurisdiction for federal courts is broad, extending to any persons within the United States, whereas personal jurisdiction for state courts is much more narrow. Different courts have the authority to hear different kinds of cases. Subject matter jurisdiction for federal courts is relatively narrow. There must be an issue of federal law, or there must be a dispute between citizens or businesses of different states and the amount in question must at least $75,000. States have a much more broad subject matter jurisdiction; they can hear pretty much any matter, whether involving state or federal law.

Subject matter jurisdiction allows a court the authority to only hear case that are in regards to a specific topic. Although restrictive in its ability to hear cases based on the topic, subject matter jurisdiction can specialize in a specific case type. Courts such as tax, federal claims and bankruptcy are examples courts which have subject matter jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction refers to a courts power over property within its geographical boundaries. The court cannot use jurisdiction unless the defendant has minimum contacts within the state where the court is located. Minimum contacts is legal term for a defendant from one state that can be taken to court in another state for a civil case due to the defendant's unlawful actions, which was committed in the state where the court exist. Minimum contact requirements are associated with the Fourteenth Amendment right of due process. Most case are resolved on a case by case basis after a consideration of all the facts. A decision on jurisdiction may depend on one or more different factors not present on other cases.

Subject matter jurisdiction is the authority that the court may have to hear cases of a particular type or cases relating to a specific subject matter. Under federal and state jurisdictions, Mr. Margolin could file a lawsuit against Funny Face and Novelty for the negligence committed by the company by having a chemical that was not approved by the FDA in their aftershave. He could suit them to seek medical cost and compensation for the skin discoloration that he suffered.

Personal jurisdiction refers to the ability of a court to exercise its power over a particular defendant or item of property. Personal jurisdiction may be categorized as in personam, in rem, or quasi in rem. The primary restraints on a court’s power to exercise personal jurisdiction are found in the United States Constitution, state statutes, and case law.

Diversity jurisdiction and federal question jurisdiction are the two most common and the most important. One of the primary reasoning for diversity jurisdiction is to prevent state courts from being potentially biased when the two suing parties reside in different states and the hearing is in a state that could be favorable for the in-state party. Diversity jurisdiction occurs when the case involves parties are from different states and the disputed amount exceeds $75,000. Federal question jurisdiction would exist when a basic portion so the plaintiff’s case involves a part of the Constitution, laws, or treaties for the United States. For example, a plaintiff is suing a police department over mistreatment due to race or sex. (Mallor, 2016, p. 35). More information can be found at

Personal jurisdiction is there to protect defendants. Subject matter jurisdiction means the court has to have jurisdiction or the ability to hear the facts of the case. Furthermore, subject matter jurisdiction is broken down into general jurisdiction verses limited jurisdiction. These come into play at the state level, meaning a trial court can hear any type of issues. Personal jurisdiction is the ability of the court on how to exercise jurisdiction over a person, and to bring that person into court. Generally the court has to serve a summons or complaint on that

Jurisdiction simply refers to the authority of a court to hear a case. The two main jurisdictional barriers are the geographic location and the topical issue at hand. Geographic location simply addresses the territorial location of the case at hand. For instance, if a misdemeanor such as petty theft occurred in a Tennessee county, it would likely not be heard by a Kentucky district court because the geographical

Subject matter jurisdiction is different from federal, state, and local courts. The term “subject matter jurisdiction” refers to the fact that specific courts are established to handle cases pertaining to a particular type of claim, Subject matter jurisdiction is the court's authority to decide the issue in controversy such as a contracts issue, or a civil rights issue. State trial courts have subject-matter jurisdiction over all cases except those which must be heard exclusively in other courts. Federal district courts are courts of limited jurisdiction. Federal courts are limited insofar as the matters they can preside over and, as a result, can only hear a very small fraction of their respective states’ caseload. As a result, state courts

In a moment of our lives we have heard or experiment the word jurisdiction, whether in a legal problem, television, radio, newspaper or school. Jurisdiction is used in legal problems that means the right or power in a territory to interpret and apply the law. Can be defined as the “law to speak” to interpret and apply the law. Jurisdiction have many meanings but if someday we have a legal problem we can use it in our favor. “Jurisdiction refers to the lawful right of legislative, executive, or judicial branch to exercise official authority.”(Reid 6). Jurisdiction have power in certain territories these means if someone want to judge in a place that they don’t have jurisdiction they are broken the law. Jurisdiction is divided in certain areas

The State Supreme Court's jurisdiction also covers disputes where one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more is claimed for personal damages. It also hears appeals from lower courts or Supreme Court cases where a single judge has made the decision. In the situation where an appeal is made against a single judge's decision this is heard by the full bench of the Supreme Court. This usually means that three judges hear the appeal.

Personal jurisdiction by definition is based solely on the geographical location of a particular court,

The only cases state courts are not allowed to hear are lawsuits against the United States and those involving certain federal laws: such as criminal, antitrust, bankruptcy, patent, copyright, and some maritime cases.

For instance, jurisdiction is defined as the power and authority that any given state or federal court has to hear or take action on any given legal case, which is based on the United States constitution. There are three types of jurisdiction: in personam, which determines if the court has jurisdiction over the parties involved in the lawsuit; in rem jurisdiction, which decides if a court has

According to the ICJ statute jurisdiction of the court can only come into play once consent has been established. this essay will thus discuss the different ways in which the court jurisdiction comes into play and whether in light of this we can deduce the existence of an ICJ compulsory jurisdiction.