The Grade Inflation Epidemic
It's June, and another graduating class is hoping, among other things, to achieve high grades. Of course, "high" is a subjective target. Originally a "C" meant average; today however, the expectations and pressures to give and receive "A's" and "B's" takes its toll on teachers and students alike. This nullifies the value of the traditional grading scale and creates a host of entirely new problems. The widespread occurrence of grade inflation seriously affects the credibility of secondary and post-secondary education in America.
The definition of an acceptable grade has changed significantly over the years. Grade inflation seemed to begin in earnest in the late 1960s after the
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Gary Coe, principal and athletic director of Mary Walker High School in Springdale, agrees. He says that he has definitely seen a rise in the average grades. Some students are maintaining much higher grades with the same work that would have earned much less even five years ago. He further notes many recent valedictorians of his small school have received well below the average on their SAT scores. Coe attributes his top student's higher grades and low test scores to qualities possessed in a student such as: willingness to work and good attitude which aren't always apparent at test time. He believes that even some of the best students take classes now just to get a grade and not to maximize their learning. Interestingly, Coe doesn't feel parents put any particular pressure on the teachers to bestow high grades on their children.
Teachers, on the other hand, have a startlingly different perspective. Kevin Jacka, the high school's school-to-work coordinator, head football coach, and PE instructor for the past ten years, says he sees now that the "C" grade is not acceptable to most people, and it no longer represents the average student. The school's policy to make "D" a failing grade has limited the range of marks to three. He states that he feels the pressure of parents and their children to give "A's" and "B's", even when students do "F" work. Incentives such as weekly sports grade checks, have
To counter the constant negativity, he also exemplifies solutions for fixing grade inflation. For example, Brent Staples references Valen Johnson’s proposal for a grade point average reform that accounts the selected major into the grade point average system (389). With this example, the reform will significantly decrease the median grade point average and reward those who achieve high grades in courses related to their respective major. Behind this positive message, Brent Staples still criticizes college administrators for prioritizing their public image over a legitimate grading system without the complaining tone in the majority of his essay. Furthermore, Brent Staple’s examples do solve an actual issue and not a phantom problem. In 1975 alone, there was over tens times more bachelors in psychology than there were available jobs for them (Bird 424). Because the current grading system allows for counterfeit grade point averages, there are an excessive number of psychology bachelors. Brent Staples provided solutions because this issue proves his criticisms in
The American education system has not changed drastically since the 1900s. In the early 1900’s before grading, teachers were expected to communicate in depth to their students on how they were doing in the class. This worked well for small groups and individual tutoring. The ability for this information to be passed on to those who were not involved with the learning process, such as employers and parents was limited. By the mid 20th century schools changed drastically as they introduced grades in the form of letters. The American schools now became more standardized as A, B, C, D and F represented ones grade. Depending what percentage a student received determined letter they got. An example is an A is a mark of 90-100%
Schools and college professors, who give you a good grade for excellent productivity on assignments, allow students to perform poorly, but still benefit relative to a person with an A. Two articles that observe grade inflation, find the rising problems of grade inflation, and finding solutions for grade inflation. Stuart Rojstaczer, an author from Grade Inflation Gone Wild, is a professor of geophysics at Duke university, and created gradeinflation.com in regards for his concern about grade inflation. On the other hand, Phil Primack is a journalist and teacher at Tufts University, and published in the “Boston Globe” Doesn’t Anybody Get a C Anymore? While college students, who work with little effort and still attain easy A’s by working poorly on assignments and exams, Primack and Rojstaczer, develop a firm connection towards grade inflation and the solution that can regain control over real education.
In the article A’s for Everyone, Alicia Shepard recognized a pattern in which her students placed too much emphasis on the letter grades received as opposed to the actual understanding and retention of the curriculum being taught. To understand this phenomenon, Shepard drew upon both the historical catalyst which led to it and her personal experience as a college professor. The systematic indoctrination of the importance of letter grades originated during the Vietnam War when "Men who got low grades could be drafted," (p. 3, par. 4). This having occurred, the pressure to obtain a higher grade became less about gaining knowledge and more about regurgitating information to receive an A. Subsequently, future generations stressed to their offspring
In “Why Colleges Shower Their Students with A’s”, Staples argues that teacher inflate grades so that their course will not be canceled. Furthermore, teachers will inflate grades so that they can keep their jobs. Additionally, students are trying to find ways to get
Historically, letter grades have served as a tool to rate educational intelligence. By looking at the progression of a student’s grades over time, people are able to determine whether or not the students are developing skills in certain areas. Using a one letter grade to determine progress has received many critiques as a common system used in America’s education. Critics claim letter grades cause students motivation and creativity to decrease because grades shift students focus from learning the material to obtaining a good grade.
Some schools have made it easier to stay on teams with a low grade. School leaders are starting to see the good in making it easier for students to keep playing with poor grades. Students attending Rockford in Illinois are able to keep playing sports even with less than a C average. An assistant superintendent Matt Vosberg at Rockford said, district leaders should use sports as a way to keep
The biggest issue with Sherry’s plan to stop grade inflation is that she didn’t account for the fact that there is no universal grading system in the world. Grades are based on a criterion set by a particular teacher, and the teacher is the final person to decide what grade the student receives. An A
Kurt Wiesenfeld's article, "Making the Grade," presents the social issue of grades. The author explores the extent of this problem by examining the social environment in which these students were raised. Wiesenfeld also addresses the changing attitude towards what a grade represents and the true value of a grade. The author effectively uses several writing strategies to engage the reader, influence the audience and illustrate how much thought he has given this issue. The essay is organized by a logical progression from thesis to individual claims and the author provides real-world examples for the issues. With those real-world examples, Wiesenfeld explains how serious the problem can become and demonstrates why the issue should be addressed.
Grade inflation is a new pandemic within America and academia in general. As more people enter university there is an undeniable trend; average grades keep rising. There are two popular theories behind the reason, the first being that the quality of student’s work has rose and students are simply performing better and receiving higher marks. The second theory is that as our cultural ideas of success leads us to the assumption that a grade less than an A is a failure, that teachers and professors have begun grading more leniently to encourage more students to receive high marks. This is a problem for three reasons. Firstly, raising average GPA’s allow less differentiation between different levels of students; in an easy course a genius student will receive the same grades as their average colleagues. Secondly, a system where the average student can receive A’s leads to gifted students trying less on their assignments. Lastly, this creates a disparity between college majors because certain majors have much lower average GPA’s due to their rigor, while a less rigorous major will have a higher GPA due to most of the student’s receiving A’s in their major courses.
In “The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation,” Alfie Kohn sets out to determine if grade inflation is indeed fact or fiction. The opening quotes provided by two professors at Harvard University separated by over century has most definitely peaked my interest. It had me questioning whether or not these professors are holding our education system to a “Harvard” standard or is their actually truth to their statements; that feigned students are indeed submitting “sham work” (Bergmann, 260). Kohn goes onto indicate that: “To say that grades are not merely rising but inflated—and that they are consequently ‘less accurate’ now, as the American Academy’s report puts it-is to postulate the existence of an objectively correct evaluation of what a student (or essay) deserves” (Bergmann, 263). To theorize grade-inflation is to question the judgment and teaching of all the previous and future educators of America. It also raises the question of why has not there any concert data to support this claim. Why is our educational system delaying this investigation since this concern has been around for years? Especially, now that grade inflation is starting to gain more momentum.
Soon they are off to school. School comes along with lots of new experiences, some good, others bad. Among those things there are a few that are arguably unneeded. Grades are slowly making their way to the top of the list. The way we currently measure success in school is through a letter grading system. A is great, B not so much, C and D unacceptable, and F? Forget about it! (Ellis) This is the way we have been grading middle and elementary schools since the late nineteenth century after it had been tested throughout colleges and high schools beginning in the year 1756. A standardized grading option was needed to keep the growing number of schools on track with each other. (Lassahn) Just because this is the only way we have found to measure the growth of children for the past two hundred or so years. That by no means proves it is the best way. The stress and burden it puts on the children outweighs the purpose of grading.
Grade inflation is the tendency to award progressively higher academic grades for work that would have received lower grades in the past. It is frequently discussed in relation to education in the United States, and to GCSEs and A levels in England and Wales. It is also an issue in Canada and many other nations, especially Australia and New Zealand.
To counteract the discouraging data about grade retention, many school systems have instilled the policy of social promotion. The recent negativism surrounding the tradition of repeating a grade portends a return to social promotion. Social promotion, the antithesis of grade retention, is the automatic passing of a student on to the next grade at the end of the school year, despite his or her
Standards-based grading is also not as sufficient as traditional grading due to its lack of definity, meaning that they’re not