.Analyze and Comparison of Voltages at PQ bus and PV bus. 1. At the PQ bus, the value of voltage is decreased or increased with the increase in an iteration? (On basis of zero and 1st Iteration). 2. At PV bus, the value of voltage or angle is decreased or increased with the increase in an iteration? (On basis of zero and 1st Iteration). 3. What is the explanation of the PQ bus and PV bus? (Graph can be made for comparison). 4. What is the effect of line admittances on Voltage values at PQ and PV buses? 5. Any additional comments
Load flow analysis
Load flow analysis is a study or numerical calculation of the power flow of power in steady-state conditions in any electrical system. It is used to determine the flow of power (real and reactive), voltage, or current in a system under any load conditions.
Nodal Matrix
The nodal matrix or simply known as admittance matrix, generally in engineering term it is called Y Matrix or Y bus, since it involve matrices so it is also referred as a n into n order matrix that represents a power system with n number of buses. It shows the buses' nodal admittance in a power system. The Y matrix is rather sparse in actual systems with thousands of buses. In the power system the transmission cables connect each bus to only a few other buses. Also the important data that one needs for have a power flow study is the Y Matrix.
Types of Buses
A bus is a type of system of communication that transfers data between the components inside a computer or between two or more computers. With multiple hardware connections, the earlier buses were parallel electrical wires but the term "bus" is now used for any type of physical arrangement which provides the same type of logical functions similar to the parallel electrical bus. Both parallel and bit connections are used by modern buses. They can be wired either electrical parallel or daisy chain topology or are connected by hubs which are switched same as in the case of Universal Serial Bus or USB.
Please solve according to the given method only. Thank you
10.Analyze and Comparison of Voltages at PQ bus and PV bus.
1. At the PQ bus, the value of voltage is decreased or increased with the increase in an iteration? (On basis of zero and 1st Iteration).
2. At PV bus, the value of voltage or angle is decreased or increased with the increase in an iteration? (On basis of zero and 1st Iteration).
3. What is the explanation of the PQ bus and PV bus? (Graph can be made for comparison).
4. What is the effect of line admittances on Voltage values at PQ and PV buses?
5. Any additional comments
![5
Elements of Jacobian Matrix can be calculated as:
|V2||Vi||Y21| sin(@21 – 8g + ô1) + |V2||V3||Y23|
sin(023 – 82 + 83)
ar = -V||Vs||Y23| sin(@23 – 62 + 63)
[Vi||Y21]cos(021 - 82 + 61) + 2|V2||Y22| cos 022 +
Ale
|Vs||Y23| cos(023 – 82 + 83)
-|Va||Va||Y32| sin(032 – 83 + 82)
= |Va||Vi||Y31|sin(831 – 83 + ổ1) + |V3||V½||Y32}|
sin(@32 – 83 + 82)
|Va||Y32| cos(032 - đ3 + 82)
ƏQ2
|Va||Vi||Y21| cos(021 – đ2 + ôi) + |Va||Va||Y23al
cos(f23 – 62 + 83)
:-|Va||Va||Y23| cos(023 – 82 + 63)
ƏQ2
-|Vi||Y21 |sin(@21 - ô2 + ổi) – 2|Val||Y22| sin ®2 –
Ale
|Va||Y23| sin(823 – 62 + 83)
Scheduled power calculation at bus 2 and bus 3.
Psch - jQsch
Ssch =
100
Mismatch power calculation: (Difference of Power calculated at Step 4 and Step
6).
APO) = P, sah - P0), APO) = P3 sch – P®), AQ) = Q2 sch – Q
(0)
8
Use Jacobian Matrix to find the unknown angles and voltages. Values of Jacobian
Matrix are found in Step 5.
(0)
(0)
= J21 J22 J23|A0
J31 J32 J33!
Lav
Values of Voltage and Angles after 1* Iteration:
s1) = 60 + A80
(0)
(0)
A6 = 80 + As
v4) = v0) + av,0)
Analyze and Comparison of Voltages at PQ bus and PV bus.
1. At PQ bus, value of voltage is decreased or increased with the increase in
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