1. Two stars located close together are photographed through a telescope. The black and white film is equally sensitive to all colors. Which situation would result in the most clearly resolved images of the stars? Circle A, B, C, or D. A. small diameter lens, red stars B. small diameter lens, blue stars C. large diameter lens, red stars D. large diameter lens, blue stars -Wavelength (nm) 500 700- Visible spectrum

1. Two stars located close together are photographed through a telescope. The black and white film is equally sensitive to all colors. Which situation would result in the most clearly resolved images of the stars? Circle A, B, C, or D. A. small diameter lens, red stars B. small diameter lens, blue stars C. large diameter lens, red stars D. large diameter lens, blue stars -Wavelength (nm) 500 700- Visible spectrum

University Physics Volume 3

17th Edition

ISBN:9781938168185

Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Publisher:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Chapter4: Diffraction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 117AP: An amateur astronomer wants to build a telescope with a diffraction limit that will allow him to see...

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The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New Mexico (Fig. P37.37). The antennas can be moved apart on railroad tracks, and their combined signals give the resolving power of a synthetic aperture 36.0 km in diameter. (a) If the detectors are tuned to a frequency of 1.40 GHz, what is the angular resolution of the VLA? (b) Clouds of interstellar hydrogen radiate at the frequency used in part (a). What must be the separation distance of two clouds at the center of the galaxy, 26 000 light-years away, if they are to be resolved? (c) What If? As the telescope looks up, a circling hawk looks down. Assume the hawk is most sensitive to green light having a wavelength of 500 nm and has a pupil of diameter 12.0 mm. Find the angular resolution of the hawks eye. (d) A mouse is on the ground 30.0 m below. By what distance must the mouses whiskers be separated if the hawk can resolve them? Figure P37.37
A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit diffraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the telescope in opposite the normal direction and can then be projected onto a satellite or the moon. (a) If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a 2.54-m-diameter beam of 633-nm light, what is the minimum angular spread of the beam? (b) Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the size of the spot this beam would make on the moon, assuming a lunar distance of 3.84108 m?
How far apart must two objects be on the moon to be distinguishable by eye if only the diffraction effects of the eye’s pupil limit the resolution? Assume 550 nm for the wavelength of light, the pupil diameter 5.0 mm, and 400,000 km for the distance to the moon.
Unreasonable Results An amateur astronomer wants to build a telescope with a diffraction limit that will allow him to see if there are people on the moons of Jupiter. (a) What diameter mirror is needed to be able to see 1.00 m detail on a Jovian Moon at a distance of 7.50108 km from Earth? The wavelength of light averages 600 nm. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
The angular resolution of a radio telescope is to be 0.100 when the incident waves have a wavelength of 3.00 mm. What minimum diameter is required for the telescopes receiving dish?
What is the approximate size of the smallest object on the Earth that astronauts can resolve by eye when they are orbiting 250 km above the Earth? Assume = 500 nm and a pupil diameter of 5.00 mm.
(a) A narrow beam of light containing yellow (580 nm) and green (550 nm} wavelengths goes from polystyrene to air, striking the surface at a 30.0° incident angle. What is the angle between the colors when they emerge? (b) How far would they have to travel to be separated by 1.00 mm?
(a) A laser vision correction reshaping the cornea of a myopic patient reduces the power of his eye by 9.00 D, with a 5.0 uncertainty in the final correction. What is the range of diopters for spectacle lenses that this person might need after LASIK procedure? (b) Was the person nearsighted or farsighted before the procedure? How do you know?
What is the minimum diameter mirror on a telescope that would allow you to see details as small as 5.00 km on the moon some 384,000 km away? Assume an average wavelength of 550 nm for the light received.
Find the radius of a star image formed on the retina of the eye if the aperture diameter (the pupil) at night is 0.78 cm and the length of the eye is 2.3 cm. Assume the wavelength of starlight in the eye is 500 nm. (1 nm -9 10 m) O a. 2.1E-3 m O b. 1.7E–9 m c. 3.6E–6 m d. 1.8E–6 m O e. 6.4E–7 m
2. A laser beam has a power of 50 mW. It has an aperture of 5 x 10 m and wave- length 700 nm. Calculate the angular spread of laser beam If this laser beam is focused through the lens of focal length 0.2 m with area of spread 0.48 x 10 8 m2, then what will be the intensity of image?
1. The Resolution of Hubble The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) orbits Earth at an altitudeof 613 km. It has an objective mirror that is 2.4 m in diameter. If the HST were to look downon Earth’s surface (rather than up at the stars), what is the minimum separation of twoobjects on the Earth’s surface that could be resolved using 550-nm light?