13. To which mathematical property is Zeroth law of thermodynamics similar A. Associative property C. Distributive property ommutative pronerty D Transitive pronerty
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- Under what circumstances would you expect a gas to behave significantly differently than predicted by the ideal gas law?2. How do you define Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?34. Which of the following statements is a good representation of the 2nd law of thermodynamics: a. Energy can not be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another. b. Knowing the total internal energy of a system is not necessary, only the change of it is important in calculations of thermodynamic parameters. c. State variables are those parameters that are independent of the path of the thermodynamic process, and depend only on the current state of the system. d. Natural processes occur in a direction of dispersing the energy. e. In all processes whether natural or otherwise, the total energy is conserved.
- A. Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. Which of the following statements best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics? A. The internal energy of the universe is constant. B. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. C. At absolute zero, the entropy of a crystal is considered to be zero. D. When an isolated system undergoes a spontaneous change, the entropy of the system increases. 2. Which of the following represents a spontaneous process? A. ∆S<0 B. ∆S=0 C. ∆G>0 D. ∆G<0 3. Which of the following has the most entropy? A. an empty classroom B. a tennis ball inside a box C. a flock of birds flying in V formation D. a crowd of people on the streets of Santa Rosa City B. Predict whether ∆S is positive or negative for the reaction: N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g) C. Which has greater entropy? 1mole of NaCl(5) or 1 mol of HCl(g)1. Explain the difference between the first and second law of Thermodynamics. Next, explain how each contributes to the increase/decrease of free energy and entropy.1. The formula for work in thermodynamics is given by PV = W. Suppose that at any pressure, P = h(V + V,") where V is the volume and V, is the initial volume. h and V, are constants. If work is to be maximized, what is the correct expression of maximum work in terms of constants? A. -1/2V. B. -h/2V. C. A(V, + 1)/4V, D. -h/4 E. None of these. A B.
- 7. An ideal gas (R = 0.26 kJ/kg "K) initially at a pressure of 60 kPa and volume of 0.1 m is compressed isothermally at 25 'C to a pressure of 120 kPa. Calculate: a. change in internal energy b. change in enthalpy c. change I entropy d. heat transferred e. non-flow work f. flow work2. How does the first law of thermodynamics apply to systems that are not isolated?4. The first law of thermodynamics states that a. components of a system interact. b. entropy of a closed system always increases. c. closed system always shifts toward disorder or homogeneity. d. Energy is always conserved. 5. According to the second law of thermodynamics, the heat received from a high temperature reservoir by a heat engine operating in a complete cycle a. must be completely converted to work. b. equals the entropy increase. C. converted completely into internal energy. d. cannot be completely converted to work.
- Which of the following statemtents is inconsistent with the second law of thermodynamics? a. The entropy of the universe tends to increase. b. Perpetual motion machines are impossible. c. The arrow of time moves in the forward direction. d. A refrigerator cycle is a spontaneous process. e. Heat spontaneously flows from high temperature to low temperature regions.5. For a system, the thermodynamic as)vn energy U is defined as a function of S, V, and n which is U(S,V,n) = kn3V 3e3nR %3D where S is the entropy, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, K is the constant, and R is the gas constant. Determine a. Based on the theory in Thermodynamics, (), T = Determine, b. Based on the theory in Thermodynamics, Pressure P = . S,n 5/8 Determine c. Determine ne d. Determine dU in dS, dV and dnIn an isolated system far from thermal equilibrium, as time passes,A. The total energy stays the same; the total entropy stays the same.B. The total energy decreases; the total entropy increases.C. The total energy stays the same; the total entropy increases.D. The total energy decreases; the total entropy stays the same.