2. In corn, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. This phenotype renders the male part of corn plants (i.e. the tassel) unable to produce fertile pollen; the female parts, however, remain receptive to pollination by pollen from male-fertile corn plants. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene F restores fertility to male-sterile lines. Using the following color-coded circles, simulate the crosses indicated below. Put the illustrations of crosses in the spaces provided. Be sure to include in the labels the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in each cross. Big light green circle Big orange circle Small orange circle Small half-light green-half-orange circle - Ff nucleus Small light-green circle - male-sterile cytoplasm - male-fertile cytoplasm - FF nucleus - ff nucleus a. Male-sterile female x FF male (the term male-sterile is an adjective that describes the female) b. Male-sterile female x Ff male (the term male-sterile is an adjective that describes the female)

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Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.