3. Based on the phototransduction A. It is a voltage-dependent B. It is a G protein-coupled C. It is a G protein D. It is a protein kinase E. It is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathway presented above, what type of receptor is the rhodopsin? ion channel receptor (GPCR)
3. Based on the phototransduction A. It is a voltage-dependent B. It is a G protein-coupled C. It is a G protein D. It is a protein kinase E. It is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathway presented above, what type of receptor is the rhodopsin? ion channel receptor (GPCR)
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter6: The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses
Section6.5: Chemical Senses: Taste And Smell
Problem 2CYU
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Question
![When light hits a retinal molecule bound to the rhodopsin, the retinal molecule changes its
conformation, going from a cis- configuration to an all-trans configuration (see figure below). This forces
the rhodopsin receptor to also undergo a change in its conformation and become activated.
11-cis isomer
**
Light
Retinal is therefore a key player that triggers a series of activation in phototransduction (see figure
below).
Phototransduction in photoreceptor cells
1000000000000000
Disc membrane
100000000000000
Disc lumen
Light
Rhodopsin
GDP
All-trans isomer
J
Transducin
Photoreceptor cytosol
GTP
GTP
GTP
PDE
CGMP
CGMP
CGMP
inhibition
PDE6i
GMP
GMP GMP
Extracellular
environment
Plasma
membrane
1. Light hits the retinal molecule and changes into an all-trans configuration
2. This change in the retinal conformation activates the rhodopsin photoreceptor
3. The rhodopsin photoreceptor then activates a specific heterotrimeric G protein called
transducin.
4. The transducin then activates a downstream protein called PDE.
Both PDE and the transducin G protein are attached to the plasma membrane by a lipid anchor. This
makes them close to each other and facilitates the activation of PDE by the transducin G protein. The
activity of the protein PDE can itself be regulated. It can for example be inhibited by a drug called PDE6i.
8. Based on the phototransduction pathway presented above, what type of receptor is the rhodopsin?
A. It is a voltage-dependent ion channel
B. It is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
C. It is a G protein
D. It is a protein kinase
E. It is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F4577bc99-3056-4420-8a47-4bafe7813b04%2F3b2ae1d3-431b-446f-a372-393c10ffe342%2Feg9i8q_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:When light hits a retinal molecule bound to the rhodopsin, the retinal molecule changes its
conformation, going from a cis- configuration to an all-trans configuration (see figure below). This forces
the rhodopsin receptor to also undergo a change in its conformation and become activated.
11-cis isomer
**
Light
Retinal is therefore a key player that triggers a series of activation in phototransduction (see figure
below).
Phototransduction in photoreceptor cells
1000000000000000
Disc membrane
100000000000000
Disc lumen
Light
Rhodopsin
GDP
All-trans isomer
J
Transducin
Photoreceptor cytosol
GTP
GTP
GTP
PDE
CGMP
CGMP
CGMP
inhibition
PDE6i
GMP
GMP GMP
Extracellular
environment
Plasma
membrane
1. Light hits the retinal molecule and changes into an all-trans configuration
2. This change in the retinal conformation activates the rhodopsin photoreceptor
3. The rhodopsin photoreceptor then activates a specific heterotrimeric G protein called
transducin.
4. The transducin then activates a downstream protein called PDE.
Both PDE and the transducin G protein are attached to the plasma membrane by a lipid anchor. This
makes them close to each other and facilitates the activation of PDE by the transducin G protein. The
activity of the protein PDE can itself be regulated. It can for example be inhibited by a drug called PDE6i.
8. Based on the phototransduction pathway presented above, what type of receptor is the rhodopsin?
A. It is a voltage-dependent ion channel
B. It is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
C. It is a G protein
D. It is a protein kinase
E. It is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)
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