5. Targeting the money supply or interest rates The following graph shows an increase in the demand for money from 2013 (MD2013) to 2014 (MD2014) caused by an increase in aggregate output. The initial equilibrium interest rate in 2013 was Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) chooses not to alter the money supply between 2013 and 2014. On the following graph, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money that would result from this lack of intervention. NOMINAL INTEREST RATE (Percent) 6.50 6.25 6.00 5.75 5.50 5.25 5.00 4.75 4.50 Money Supply 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 QUANTITY OF MONEY (Trillions of dollars) MD 2014 MD 2013 No Intervention New MS Curve With Intervention (?)

5. Targeting the money supply or interest rates The following graph shows an increase in the demand for money from 2013 (MD2013) to 2014 (MD2014) caused by an increase in aggregate output. The initial equilibrium interest rate in 2013 was Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) chooses not to alter the money supply between 2013 and 2014. On the following graph, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money that would result from this lack of intervention. NOMINAL INTEREST RATE (Percent) 6.50 6.25 6.00 5.75 5.50 5.25 5.00 4.75 4.50 Money Supply 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 QUANTITY OF MONEY (Trillions of dollars) MD 2014 MD 2013 No Intervention New MS Curve With Intervention (?)

Economics:

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285859460

Author:BOYES, William

Publisher:BOYES, William

Chapter13: Monetary Policy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6E

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1.25 MS, 1.00 Money Demand 0.75 MS2 0.50 0.25 3 4 QUANTITY OF MONEY (Billions of dollars) , therefore the equilibrium price level is According to your graph, the equilibrium value of money is Now, suppose that the Fed increases the money supply from the initial level of $2.5 billion to $4 billion. In order to increase the money supply, the Fed can use open market operations to the public. Use the purple line (diamond symbol) to plot the new money supply ( MS2 ). Immediately after the Fed changes the money supply from its initial equilibrium level, the quantity of money supplied is than the quantity of money demanded at the initial equilibrium. This expansion in the money supply will people's demand for goods and services. In the long run, since the economy's ability to produce goods and services has not changed, the prices of goods and services will and the value of money will VALUE OF MONEY
2. Money supply, money demand, and adjustment to monetary equilibrium The following table gives the quantity of money demanded at various price levels (P), the money demand schedule. In the following table, fill in the column labeled Value of Money. Quantity of Money Demanded Price Level (P) Value of Money (1/P) (Billions of dollars) 1.00 1.00 1.33 0.75 2.00 0.50 4.00 0.25 1.5 2.0 3.5 7.0 Now consider the relationship between the quantity of money that people demand and the price level. The lower the price level, the less required to complete transactions, and the less money people will want to hold in the form of currency or demand deposits. Assume that the Federal Reserve initially fixes the quantity of money supplied at $3.5 billion. Use the orange line (square symbol) to plot the initial money supply (MS₁) set by the Fed. Then, referring to the previous table, use the blue connected points (circle symbol) to graph the money demand curve. money
1. For each of the following questions, draw the Money Demand curve (MD) and Money Supply curve (MS) and label the equilibrium interest rate as i*. Also show how the MS- MD graph changes due to the given events and as a result how the equilibrium interest rate changes. (In your answer you should clearly state and show what happens to the MS and MD curves and also what happens to the interest rate). a) The Fed lowers the RRR b) Taxes decrease
5. Changes in the money supply The following graph represents the money market in a hypothetical economy. As in the United States, this economy has a central bank called the Fed, but unlike in the United States, the economy is closed (that is, the economy does not interact with other economies in the world). The money market is currently in equilibrium at an interest rate of 6% and a quantity of money equal to $0.4 trillion, as indicated by the grey star. INTEREST RATE (Percent) 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 0 Money Demand + 0.1 Money Supply 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 MONEY (Trillions of dollars) 0.6 0.7 0.8 New MS Curve New Equilibrium ?
The following graph plots the aggregate demand curve for this economy. Show the impact of the decrease in the price level by moving the point along the curve or shifting the curve. ? PRICE LEVEL 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 20 Aggregate Demand 40 60 80 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 100 120 The change in the interest rate found in the previous task will lead to a in the quantity of output demanded in the economy. Aggregate Demand in residential and business spending, which will cause
Fill in the Value of Money column in the following table. Quantity of Money Demanded (Billions of dollars) Price Level (P) Value of Money (1/P) 1.00 1.5 1.33 2.0 2.00 3.5 4.00 7.0 Now consider the relationship between the price level and the quantity of money that people demand. The lower the price level, the money the typical transaction requires, and the money people will wish to hold in the form of currency or demand deposits. Assume that the Fed initially fixes the quantity of money supplied at $3.5 billion. Use the orange line (square symbol) to plot the initial money supply (MS,) set by the Fed. Then, referring to the previous table, use the blue connected points (circle symbol) to graph the money demand curve.
Suppose the money market for some hypothetical economy is given by the following graph, which plots the money demand and money supply curves. Assume the central bank in this economy (the Fed) fixes the quantity of money supplied. Suppose the price level increases from 150 to 175.
Suppose the money market for some hypothetical economy is given by the following graph, which plots the money demand and money supply curves. Assume the central bank in this economy (the Fed) fixes the quantity of money supplied. Suppose the price level decreases from 150 to 125. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to show the impact of a decrease in the overall price level on the market for money. 22 12 10 10 INTEREST RATE (Percent) 8 2 Money Supply Money Demand 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 MONEY (Billions of dollars) Money Demand Money Supply ? than the quantity of money their money holdings. In order to do so, they will Following the price level decrease, the quantity of money demanded at the initial interest rate of 6% will be supplied by the Fed at this interest rate. As a result, individuals will attempt to bonds and other interest-bearing assets, and bond issuers will realize that they interest rates until equilibrium is restored in the money market at an interest rate of %
Suppose the Federal Reserve ("the Fed") shifts to an expansionary monetary policy by buying bonds through open-market operations. Assume that this policy is unanticipated. This problem will work through the short-run effects of this move. The following graph shows the money demand and money supply curves. Show the effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting one or both of the curves, and ignore any potential feedback effects. As a result of the Fed's policy, the interest rate to . Money DemandMoney Supply03006009001200150018006543210INTEREST RATE (Percent)QUANTITY OF MONEY (Billions of dollars)Money Demand Money Supply 900, 3 The following graph shows the demand for investment. Show the short-run effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting the curve or moving the point along the curve. Again, ignore any potential feedback effects. Be sure the new interest rate corresponds to the interest rate you have on the top graph.…
On the following graph, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money that would result from this lack of intervention. Suppose the Fed wants to keep 2014 interest rates at their 2013 level. On the previous graph, place the green line (triangle symbols) to indicate the new money supply curve if the Fed follows this policy. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money in this case. Because , most central banks set monetary policy aimed at targeting a specific .
Suppose the money market for some hypothetical economy is given by the following graph, which plots the money demand and money supply curves. Assume the central bank in this economy (the Fed) fixes the quantity of money supplied. Suppose the price level decreases from 150 to 125. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to show the impact of a decrease in the overall price level on the market for money. ? INTEREST RATE (Percent) 12 10 2 0 0 15 Money Supply Money Demand 30 45 60 MONEY (Billions of dollars) 75 90 Money Demand Money Supply
The following graph represents the money market in a hypothetical economy. As in the United States, this economy has a central bank called the Fed, but unlike in the United States, the economy is closed (that is, the economy does not interact with other economies in the world). The money market is currently in equilibrium at an interest rate of 3% and a quantity of money equal to $0.4 trillion, as indicated by the grey star. 5.0 Money Demand New MS Curve ++ New Equilibrium 1:07 PM 4/29/2022 INTEREST RATE (Percent) 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 L L' O 0