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- Select the statements that correctly describe positive feedback pathways. 1. A sensor/receptor is required to monitor and limit levels. 2. A sensor/receptor is unnecessary to monitor and limit levels. 3. Feedback prevents homeostasis. 4. Feedback contributes to homeostasis. 5. Feedback stimulates the effector to continue to do the same thing. 6. Feedback stops the effector from doing one thing and stimulates it to do the opposite. 7. When the target level for a hormone is reached, feedback results in a reduction of that hormone being released. 8. When a target level for a hormone is reached, feedback results in an increase of that hormone being released. Record your answers in ascending (lowest to highest) order.10. Which one of the following statements is true of the regulation of activities in the human body? J K L Hormones are always transported directly from a gland to an effector The interval between stimulus and response is usually greater if a message is transmitted by the nervous system rather than the endocrine system M Some processes are controlled by both the nervous and endocrine system 11. Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates milk release during breast feeding. The diagram below shows the stimulus response model for milk release during breast feeding. Messages carried by nerves generally have longer-lasting effects than hormonal messages Sensory receptor Suckling - Oxytocin Blood sel J Sensory receptor K Hypothalamus L Blood vessel M Smooth muscle in breasts A Smooth muscle in breasts Hypothalamus/ posterior pituitary gland Which one of the following is the effector in the pathway? Milk release 12. The Cannabinoids are drugs that prevent the fusion of vesicles with the…1. What is homeostasis? a. Fluctuation between high and low valuesb. Ingestion of enough food to satisfy hungerc. Tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environmentd. Ability to remain within certain limited ranges 2. How does negative feedback lead to homeostasis? a. It shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity.b. It amplifies the effect of stimulusc. Increasing the effect of an output 3. Which statement about positive feedback is false? a. Positive feedback is observed more readily than negative feedback.b. Positive feedback reaches a limit at which it terminates quickly.c. Positive feedback amplifies the response.d. Positive feedback is exemplified by sexual behavior. 4. As fruit ripens it emits a chemical called ethylene, which attracts fruit flies. The flies damage the fruit, causing more odor to be released. As this happens, more flies are attracted to the fruit. Of what response is this an example?a. Positive feedbackb. Negative feedbackc.…
- Write brief notes on 'negative feedback'.8. Contrast positive feedback and negative feedback. Tile 9. Which two body systems are charged with maintaining homeostasis by responding to changes in the environment? Tile27. Which of the following statements relating to positive feedback mechanism is true? a. it usually controls rare events in the body b. it exhibits a cascading effect c.it exaggerate the original stimulus d. all of the above e. none of the above
- 3. Which describes a difference between a positive and a negative feedback loop? The output of a system keeps conditions within the body absolutely constant only in a negative feedback loop. The output of a system stimulates another cycle of the system only in a positive feedback loop. The output of a system signals the system to disregard the stimulus only in a negative feedback loop. The output of a system maintains conditions around a set point only in a positive feedback loop.Match the methods of functionality for the nervous system and endrocrine system. uses an electrical signal to trigger a respnse 1. nervous uses a chemical messager to trigger a response 2. endrocrine;Make a Venn Diagram using the provided information below NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM • Most control mechanisms in the human body are negativefeedback mechanisms• A negative feedback mechanism DECREASES theintensity of the stimulus and eliminates it• When a variable is above or below set point, integratortriggers a move in the OPPOSITE DIRECTION to reachthe set valueEx. Body temperature, blood pressure, pH and CO2 levels,blood glucose levelsPOSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM• A positive feedback mechanism ENHANCES the originalstimulus to ACCELERATE activity• Integrator triggers a move in the SAME DIRECTIONtriggering an “explosive” response• Positive feedback mechanisms are less commonEx. Blood clotting, childbirth (oxytocin)
- 3. The response to an increase in the level of antidiuretic healthy human being would include J Increased urine output K Decreased production of insulin L Decreased blood pressure M Increased water reabsorption 4. Which one of the following nerve pathways represents the reflex response to the stimulus of stepping on a sharp object? J Receptor → motor nerve → spinal cord → sensory nerve → muscle in foot K Receptor → motor nerve →brain → sensory nerve → muscle in leg L Receptor → sensory nerve → brain → motor nerve → muscle in foot • M Receptor → sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → muscle in leg 5. Which one of the following responses is most likely to occur when the body temperature of a healthy human becomes too low? J An increase in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate K A decrease in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate L An increase in the blood flow to the skin surface, causing a…1. Draw block diagrams to represent the following feedback control systems: a) Control of human skin temperature by sweating b) Control of a diabetic person's blood sugar level through insulin injections Note: Besides the standard feedback control system components, include disturbances in the diagram. Label each block and signal with their physical names. Briefly explain how each system works.Which of the following statements is true? O the disease state results from negative feedback mechanisms negative feedback mechanisms works to maintain homeostasis in the individual O negative feedback mechanisms enhance the triggered stimulus O positive feedback mechanisms are almost always harmful to the individual O blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms
