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- Mass spectrometry is an extremely versatile detection system for GC. However, interfacing an HPLC system to a mass spectrometer is a much more difficult task. Describe the major reasons why it is more difficult to combine HPLC with mass spectrometry than it is to combine GC with mass spectrometry.(a) Three components in a mixture have varying distribution constants between the mobile phase and the stationary phase. One of the components has a very high distribution constant. Would this component likely elute first or last and how would you design an experiment or modify the components of the separation to make it perform in the opposite manner? (b) One way to dramatically increase the sensitivity of a quadrupole mass spectrometer is to use a technique called selected ion monitoring (SIM). Explain how this technique works and why it improves sensitivity. Explain what dwell time means. Be sure to draw a diagram and describe how this analysis scheme works. Also, is there a compromise between a wide range of masses scanned and SIM? Explain in easy details.Explain why an internal standard is required during sample preparation in quantitative analysis when using atomic spectroscopy?
- As a forensic toxicologist, you have been given a task on determining amount of cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper and lead metal contents in medicinal herbs using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Hollow cathode lamp (HCL) was selected as radiation source for this analysis. The highest concentration came from lead element followed by chromium and copper, however cadmium and mercury were not detected in the sample. a) Based on your knowledge, conclude whether the above result is valid or not. b) If you are given an option of electrothermal or flame atomizer for above case study, determine which one is suitable and justify your answer.A sample of water from the North Sea was analysed by ion-chromatography and the sulfate concentration was determined to be 2960 mg/L. A sample of formation water from a reservoir near Shetland was analysed by atomic emission spectroscopy and thestrontium concentration was determined to be 770 mg/L. If the Ksp value for strontium sulfate is 3. 44x10-7 mo? L2 predict whether precipitation should occur if 500 ml of the seawater is mixed with 500 ml of the formation water.Exactly 5.00 mL aliquots of a solution containing analyte X were transferred into 50.00-mL volumetric flasks and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9.0. The following volumes of a standard solution containing 2.00 µg/mL of X were then added into each flask and the mixture was diluted to volume: 0.000, 0.500, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mL. The fluorescence of each of these solutions was measured with a fluorometer, and the following values were obtained: 3.26, 4.80, 6.42, 8.02 and 9.56, respectively. ii. Using relevant functions in Excel, derive a least-squares equation for the data, and use the parameters of this equation to find the concentration of the phenobarbital in the unknown solution.
- Q 14.4: Mass spectrometry is ideally suited for analyzing pure compounds. However, when dealing with a mixture that contains several compounds, the compounds must first be separated from each other and then individually injected into the mass spectrometer to yield different spectra. This process has been greatly simplified by the advent of A gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) B C IR spectroscopy hydrogen deficiency index (HDI) D Electrospray ionization (ESI) E high resolution mass spectrometryWhy are instrumental techniques (e.g. UV-vis spectrometry) considered as comparative techniques?Atomic Spectroscopy (a) In terms of spectral shape, how are atomic spectra different from molecular spectra? What is the source of this difference? (b) Describe the decision-making process for picking a line for atomic emission analysis of a given analyte. (c) For quality assurance, spike recovery is not sufficient to establish confidence in an analytical procedure. Explain this statement. What should be done instead to demonstrate satisfactory performance of an instrumental method (including elemental analysis). (d) Find a literature example of atomic spectroscopy used for elemental analysis. State the operating conditions with sufficient detail to reproduce the analysis; Please answer very soon will give rating surely All questions complete Answer needed Please help me
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of sequential versus simultaneous multichannel ICP spectrometers.Seawater was spiked with phosphate to achieve a quantifiable range of phosphate concentrations by the spectrophotometer. What components of the spectrophotometer or sample preparation could be changed that would improve detection limits?What is the relationship between chemical shift in ppm and operating frequency?