A patient X is 60 years old male. Has been diagnosed with CKD (chronic kidney disease). He has been taking Tylenol or Indomethacin for his arthritis during last two years. Why NSAIDs (non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) do not affect GFR in patients with normal renal function and why it is not recommended for patients with reduced GFR, especially in patients with CKD?
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A patient X is 60 years old male. Has been diagnosed with CKD (chronic kidney disease). He has been taking Tylenol or Indomethacin for his arthritis during last two years. Why NSAIDs (non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) do not affect GFR in patients with normal renal function and why it is not recommended for patients with reduced GFR, especially in patients with CKD?
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- CASE SCENARIO ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: J.B., female 36 years old, single, a bus conductor was apparently well, until 4 days prior to admission, when she experienced dizziness and headache while at work. Once parked at the terminal, she asked to be checked in the clinic and BP was recorded at 180/100 mmHg, which was unusual since she usually had a BP of 90/60 mmHg. Clonidine 75 mcg was placed sublingual, which reduced her BP to 150/90 mmHg. She was then advised by the company nurse to go home. 2 days PTA, a co employee noticed that her eyes were puffy and even kidded if she broke off with her boyfriend. She just shrugged off the comment and did her usual chores. Few hours PTA, while preparing for work, she noticed blood in the toilet bowl after urinating, which prompted her to seek consult and eventually admission. Her history is essentially negative for past kidney or urinary problems. She admitted that her eyes seemed a little puffy, but she thought this was due to lack of sleep and…CASE SCENARIO ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: J.B., female 36 years old, single, a bus conductor was apparently well, until 4 days prior to admission, when she experienced dizziness and headache while at work. Once parked at the terminal, she asked to be checked in the clinic and BP was recorded at 180/100 mmHg, which was unusual since she usually had a BP of 90/60 mmHg. Clonidine 75 mcg was placed sublingual, which reduced her BP to 150/90 mmHg. She was then advised by the company nurse to go home. 2 days PTA, a co employee noticed that her eyes were puffy and even kidded if she broke off with her boyfriend. She just shrugged off the comment and did her usual chores. Few hours PTA, while preparing for work, she noticed blood in the toilet bowl after urinating, which prompted her to seek consult and eventually admission. Her history is essentially negative for past kidney or urinary problems. She admitted that her eyes seemed a little puffy, but she thought this was due to lack of sleep and…CASE SCENARIO ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: J.B., female 36 years old, single, a bus conductor was apparently well, until 4 days prior to admission, when she experienced dizziness and headache while at work. Once parked at the terminal, she asked to be checked in the clinic and BP was recorded at 180/100 mmHg, which was unusual since she usually had a BP of 90/60 mmHg. Clonidine 75 mcg was placed sublingual, which reduced her BP to 150/90 mmHg. She was then advised by the company nurse to go home. 2 days PTA, a co employee noticed that her eyes were puffy and even kidded if she broke off with her boyfriend. She just shrugged off the comment and did her usual chores. Few hours PTA, while preparing for work, she noticed blood in the toilet bowl after urinating, which prompted her to seek consult and eventually admission. Her history is essentially negative for past kidney or urinary problems. She admitted that her eyes seemed a little puffy, but she thought this was due to lack of sleep and…
- A 4 year old child was admitted for vomiting and diarrhea. Has oliguria. Metabolic profile revealed an elevated serum urea. All other meaured parameters were within normal limits. A calculated urea to creatinine ratio was elevated. Urine color is dark yellow and specific gravity is 1.035. No biochemical abnormalities were identified in urine. 1. Does this child have renal dysfunction? 2. What condition(s) do these results suggest?24) Male,22 years old, found swelling of both lower extremities and eyelids for more than 4 months. PE: BP145/90 mmHg, urine protein++,urine red blood cells++/HP. The diagnosis is most likely() A Acute nephritis B Chronic Nephritis C Nephrotic syndrome D Rapidly progressive nephritis E Hypertensive nephropathyAnswer all of the following questions: 1. State the implications of a high value of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in the blood and urine. 2. What does the amount of urea, ammonia and creatinine in the urine tell about renal/kidney function? 3. What food substances can lead to an increased value of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in the blood?
- Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False IgA nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis, where polymeric IgA deposition causes glomerular membrane damage and can be examined by a kidney biopsy These lab tests can be required for diagnosing anemia: serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, vit B12, folate, and iron levelsAn older client with cirrhosis of the liver and hepatic failure is place on a low sodium diet and is receiving periodic albumin infusions. Which assessment finding indicates progress toward the desired effect? Prothrombin time within normal limit Decrease abdominal grith Improved level of consciousness Clear, dark amber colored urineFor the past 2 weeks, she was experiencing abdominal pain that make her woke up at night, but it is relieved by food and antacids. She was diagnosed with Grave’s disease 3 months ago with symptoms of hyperthyroidism and tachycardia. She also has chronic renal dysfunction due to polycystic kidney disease. Moreover, she has IBS with complaints of diarrhea and constipation, with increasing episode over past 2 months. She was also diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. CJ was married and had 2 children. She smoke ½ pack per day and drinks 2 glasses of wine per day with dinner and coffee 2-6 cups per day. Medication: PTU 200 mg PO q6h Magnesium hydroxide/Al hydroxide Susp 15mL PO PRN Propranolol 20 mg PO qid. Allergies: NKA Physical Examination: Gen: Well developed, thin female in mild distress VS: BP 140/88, HR 84, RR 18, T 37oC. Wt 55 kg, Ht 165cm HEENT: Small symmetric goiter, much smaller than previous clinic visit Coronary: Normal S1 and S2, no murmurs, rubs, or gallops Chest: WNL…
- In a person with diabetes mellitus or hypertension, periodic measurement of the GFR is recommended for each of the following except: (select all that apply) Reveal health of the heart O Adjust medications to protect kidney and/or preserve function O Identify stage of Chronic Kidney disease O Determine frequency of dialysisA 29 years old female, married, G1PO AOG 16 weeks, complained of vague abdaminal wall pain for 3 days, with slight fever and urgency. She took Paracetamol 500 mg and there was temporary relieved of symptoms. A few minutes prior to consultation, she noticed blood tinged urine. Husband is an overseas worker (Seaman). What is the probable clinical impression on consultation? Acute cystitis. hemorrhagic Acute pyclonephritis complicated Acute pyelonephritis uncomplicated Acute urethritis syndromeWhat is cystitis?Describe i) the cause of ii)signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections. Why does it tend to affect women more than men? Give the name ofbthe drug that is most commonly used to treat cystitis. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Give definition of "cystitis" Type of infection (i.e. causative agent) and how it gets into the body. Description of symptoms i.e. UTI symptoms Women more risk of cystitis - i.e. explain position and length of urethra. Identify drug treatment and route of administration