An important class of externalities to which attention has recently been directed is calledinformation externalities. The information produced by one individual or firm generates benefitsfor others. The success of an oil well on one tract of land increases the likelihood of oil's beingfound on an adjacent tract, and hence increases the value of that tract.a) Can you think of other examples of information externalities?b) What are the likely consequences of information externalities for the efficiency of resourceallocations?c) Discuss the possibilities of private market solutions to these problems.

a. Examples of Externalities in InformationWhen information created by one party helps others…

Answered: An important class of externalities to…

Principles of Microeconomics

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305156050

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter22: Frontiers Of Microeconomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8PA

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Question 10 Which of the following startements about network externalities is CORRECT? Air pollution is an example of a network externality. For a good with network externalities, the number of people who are willing to buy a unit of the good is uniquely determined by the price. Network externalities are always positive. The manufacturer of a new good with network externalities might give away a free version of the good. For a good with network externalities, one person's valuation of the good is always increasing in the number of other people using the good.
Consider the market for CD players, illustrated in the figure to the right. Suppose there are network externalities in this market such that the quantity of a good demanded grows in response to the growth of purchases by other individuals (as indicated by the demand curve "Demand" in the figure). Suppose that the price is initially $90 where the quantity demanded is 120 (thousand CD players per month). If the price of CD players falls to $50, demand will increase to 180 thousand CD players per month. (Enter your response using an integer.) Of this increase, price effect and thousand units of the 60 thousand-unit increase is the pure thousand units of the increase is the bandwagon effect. C Price 200- 180- 160- 140- 120+ 100- 80- 60- 40- 20- 0+ 0 Doo Demand 20 P150 D60 P120 180 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 CD Players (thousands per month)
Consider the market for CD players, illustrated in the figure to the right. Suppose there are network externalities in this market such that the quantity of a good demanded grows in response to the growth of purchases by other individuals (as indicated by the demand curve "Demand" in the figure). Suppose that the price is initially $110 where the quantity demanded is 90 (thousand CD players per month). If the price of CD players falls to $50, demand will increase to thousand CD players per month. (Enter your response using an integer.) of this increase, thousand units of the 90 thousand-unit increase is the pure price effect and thousand units of the increase is the bandwagon effect. The bandwagon effect causes the demand for CD players to be more otherwise be the case (without network externalities). ▼than would 200- 180 160 Demand 140 120- 100- 80- 60- 40- 20- 0+ 0 Deo 20 D150 D80 P120 P180 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 CD Players (thousands per month) Q Next
give me correct answer with proper explanation A network effect, or network externality, exists when: Group of answer choices a firm ’ s average total cost rises continuously over the entire ran the customers of one business overlap with those of another competing business. the costs of resources for an industry rises as the number of sellers in an industry expands. the value of a product or service to each consumer increases as the number of users expands.
Assume that you are in the business of building houses in United Kingdom. You have analyzedthe market carefully, and you know that at a price of £120,000, you will sell 800 houses peryear. In addition, you know that at any price above £120,000, no one will buy your housesbecause the government provides equal-quality houses to anyone who wants one at £120,000.You also know that for every £20,000 you lower your price, you will be able to sell an additional200 units. For example, at a price of £100,000, you can sell 1,000 houses; at a price of £80,000,you can sell 1,200 houses; and so on.a. Sketch the demand curve that your firm faces.b. Sketch the effective marginal revenue curve that your firm faces.c. If the marginal cost of building a house is £100,000, how many will you build and whatprice will you charge? What if MC = £85,000?
Say that you are a manager with the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The table below shows fictional estimates of the marginal benefit and marginal cost of additional TSA security lines at Mahlon Sweet Field, the airport in Eugene, Oregon. Number of Marginal In this space, draw the graph of the marginal data from the left columns. Answer these questions below using the data table and graph. Benefit 3. Security Lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 $10,000 9,000 7,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 Marginal Cost $2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 8,000 12,000 The surplus of the marginal benefit over cost for the second security line is $ and $ for the third security line. If your goal is to maximize total surplus, you WILL / WILL NOT (circle one) operate a third security line. The optimal number of TSA security lines is because this is where the marginal equals the marginal which maximizes total
1. Working with Numbers and Graphs Q1 Suppose the marginal costs of reading are constant at $5 per hour, while the marginal benefits of reading decline (over time) as more reading is performed. In particular, suppose the following table contains the marginal benefit associated with various levels of hours spent reading. Time Spent Reading Marginal Benefits (Hours) (Dollars per hour) 8 3 12 Assume the marginal-benefit curve is a straight line through the two points described in the table. MARGINAL COST, MARGINAL BENEFIT ($ per hour of reading per week) On the following graph, use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot the marginal-benefit curve for reading. Next, use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the marginal-cost curve for reading. Finally, use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the point corresponding to the efficient amount of reading (that is, the point at which the net benefits of reading are maximized). 00 32 N 0 2 3 + 6 9 12 15 18 21 READING (Hours per week)…
5. 7) Fifteen years ago, the town of Easton decided to increase its annual spending on education so that its high school graduates would be able to earn higher wages. Now Easton has asked you to evaluate the effectiveness of the spending increase. Their data show that before the spending increase, the average salary of recent high school graduated was $25,000 and that now the average salary has risen to $28,500. Fortunately for your analysis a neighboring community did not change its annual spending on education. In the other town 15 years ago high school graduates earned an average of $22,500, and now the average is $23,750. a) Use a differences-in-differences estimator to determine whether Easton’s spending increase potentially caused the wages of high school graduates to rise. b) What underlying assumption do you have to make in order for your estimate to be valid? What might cause that underlying assumption to not be valid?
Based on the graphical representation in Figure 1, calculate the price elasticity of demand for ibuprofen. Address the following questions when crafting your answer: What impact would a price increase have on the demand for ibuprofen and on consumer surplus given the price elasticity of demand depicted in Figure 1? What factors usually influence a resource’s price elasticity of demand? In the real world, you might expect the consumption choices of ibuprofen to be affected by brand-name versions of ibuprofen, such as Advil. Would you expect the brand-named products to have the same elasticity of demand as generic ibuprofen?
. Suppose the most you would be willing to pay to have a freshly washed car before going out on a date is $4.00. The smallest amount for which you would be willing to wash someone else's car is $2.50. You are going out this evening and your car is dirty. How much economic surplus would you receive from washing it?
Brewed coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world and a big market in Singapore. In recentyears Singaporean consumers have become concerned that coffee farmers often receive very lowprices by large coffee companies buying their beans and selling them in international markets. Forthis reason, fair trade coffee has reached supermarket shelves and coffee shops. Because producingfair trade coffee includes providing extra income for the farmers, this product is more costly to makethan other coffee types of comparable quality. Using the demand-supply model, analyse this changein consumer preferences. Examine the likely consequences in one or two markets of your choice. Limits 500 words
What is a willingness to pay? How does this relate to the concept of demand? When determining the cost of manufacturing a product, what considerations are included in the cost? Provide an example of a product and explain each consideration in relation to your example. When purchasing construction materials for a home renovation, what factors should a homeowner consider? Provide an example of a green building product—a sustainable alternative construction material—and explain each factor in relation to your example. Address how the choice of using this particular green building product might influence and be influenced by supply and demand. What assumptions do economists make? Why does each assumption matter in environmental economics? Is the environment an economic asset? Is the environment a social asset? How does global demand for fish affect marine natural resource economics? How is the supply of forest goods influenced by privately and publicly owned forests? Why has supply and…

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