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- Phenol, C6H5OH, is a weak organic acid. Suppose 0.515 g of the compound is dissolved in enough water to make 125 mL of solution. The resulting solution is titrated with 0.123 M NaOH. C6H5OH(aq) + OH(aq) C6H5O(aq) + H2O() (a) What is the pH of the original solution of phenol? (b) What are the concentrations of all of the following ions at the equivalence point: Na+, H3O+, OH, and C6H5O? (c) What is the pH of the solution at the equivalence point?Does the pH of the solution increase, decrease, or stay the same when you (a) Add solid sodium oxalate, Na2C2O4, to 50.0 mL of 0.015-M oxalic acid? (b) Add solid ammonium chloride to 100. mL of 0.016-M HCl? (c) Add 20.0 g NaCl to 1.0 L of 0.012-M sodium acetate, NaCH3COO?For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
- Weak base B has a pKb of 6.78 and weak acid HA has a pKa of 5.12. a Which is the stronger base, B or A? b Which is the stronger acid, HA or BH+? c Consider the following reaction: B(aq)+HA(aq)BH+(aq)+A(aq) Based on the information about the acid/base strengths for the species in this reaction, is this reaction favored to proceed more to the right or more to the left? Why? d An aqueous solution is made in which the concentration of weak base B is one half the concentration of its acidic salt, BHCl, where BH+ is the conjugate weak add of B. Calculate the pH of the solution. e An aqueous solution is made in which the concentration of weak acid HA twice the concentration of the sodium salt of the weak acid, NaA. Calculate the pH of the solution. f Assume the conjugate pairs B/BH+ and HA/A are capable of being used as color-based end point indicators in acidbase titrations, where B is the base form indicator and BH is the acid form indicator, and HA is the acid form indicator and A is the base form indicator. Select the indicator pair that would be best to use in each of the following titrations: (1) Titration of a strong acid with a strong base. (i) B/BH+ (ii) HA/A (2) Titration of a weak base with a strong acid. (i) B/BH+ (ii) HA/AThe equilibrium constant for an acid is called the acid ionization constant (Ka). If acetic acid (weak acid, HC2H3O2) is placed into water, it ionizes to H+ and C2H3O2- with a Ka of 1.82 x 10-5. Determine the pH of the solution when 20.0 g HC2H3O2 (s) is added to water, with a final volume of 1000. mL?Propionic acid, HC3H5O2, has Ka= 1.34 x 10–5. (a) What is the molar concentration of H3O+ in 0.15 M HC3H5O2 and the pH of the solution? (b) What is the Kb value for the propionate ion, C3H5O2–? (c) Calculate the pH of 0.15 M solution of sodium propionate, NaC3H5O2. (d) Calculate the pH of solution that contains 0.12 M HC3H5O2 and 0.25 M NaC3H5O2.
- (a) Calculate the percent ionization of a 0.20 M solution of monoprotic acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for which Ka = 3.0 x 10^-4. (b) The pH of gastric acid juice in the stomach of a certain individual is 1.00. After a few aspirin tablets have been swallowed, the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in the stomach is 0.20 M. Calculate the percent ionization of the acid under these conditions.Calculate the pH of the solution formed when 45.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH is added to 50.0 mL of 0.100 M CH3COOH(Ka = 1.8 x 10-5).8. (a) Calculate the percent ionization of a 0.20 M solution of the monoprotic acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for which Ka = 3.0 x 10-4 .(b)The pH of gastric juice in the stomach of a certain individual is 1.00. After a few aspirin tablets have been swallowed, the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in the stomach is 0.20M. Calculate the % ionization of the acid under these conditions. What effect does the nonionized acid have on the membranes lining of the stomach? 9. Calculate the [H+], [C2O4-2], and [H2C2O4] in a 0.0010M H2C2O4 solution. (Ka = 5.4 x 10-2)
