Explain the relative importance of the bioassay during the different phases of research and development of a new bioactive molecule, including discovery research, laboratory process development, and large-scale process development.

Q: Define gene knockout, and explain why gene knockouts are useful.

A: A gene is basic and functional unit of heredity and can be define as a functional part of DNA which…

Q: Summarize the steps required to amplify a given segment of DNA in vivo and in vitro.

A: DNA amplification is a method by which multiple copies of the DNA sequence can be produced. DNA…

Q: Explain CRISPR screening in detail. Explain the rationale of using it and the objectives that can be…

A: Genetic screening is referred to as the process used to test the population for a genetic disorder…

Q: Give the similarities and differences of Genomics from Bioinformatics, and Proteomics from…

A: Transcriptomics is defined as the techniques that are utilized for studying and knowing an…

Q: Distinguish between enzyme replacement therapy andgene therapy

A: Though gene therapy is at its starting level and it is not yet approved in many areas still gene…

Q: How do molecular modification approaches contribute to drug design? Explain at your own words

A: Drugs are chemical compounds that are used to treat or prevent the disease. Drugs are designed…

Q: What is the point of hydrolyzing RNA before doing biochemical tests?

A: Asked: The reason of hydrolyzing the RNA before doing biochemical tests.

Q: Name two microbes beneficial in biotechnology.

A: In biotechnology biological organisms are used for technological procedures. It is a rapidly growing…

Q: briefly describe the working principle of both direct and indirect assays of biosensor taking…

A: Biosensors are defined as an analytical device that has a physicochemical and biological components.…

Q: which factors influence the choice of bioreactor design?

A: Bioreactor is the biochemical designed mechanical vessel wherein biochemical transformation happen…

Q: Drawbacks of biotechnology in bullets point.

A: Biotechnology is the branch of biology that aims at developing products useful for mankind by using…

Q: Give practical applications of UV mutagenesis. In industry, cite examples of microorganisms improved…

A: A heritable genetic change in the genetic material of an organism that gives rise to alternate forms…

Q: _________ Techniques Permit Detection of Specific DNA Fragments and mRNAs.

A: Gel electrophoresis is a method used to segregate the DNA fragments depending on their size and…

Q: Differentiate between the de novo synthesis of nucleotides and salvage - pathway synthesis.

A: Both the pathways include the synthesis of compounds or large biomolecules. The salvage pathway…

Q: Provide examples of ex vivo and of in vivo gene therapy.

A: Gene therapy is a clinical field which centers around the use of the restorative conveyance of…

Q: Discuss an example of ex vivo and of in vivo genetherapy.

A: Gene therapy is the science that deals with the insertion of a gene into the defective cells having…

Q: Bioassays are often the first step involved in studying the effects of a potential drug. Why?

A: An approach used by biologists to find the activity, existence, or influence of a physiologically…

Q: Explain the three laws of assembly in bioinfotmatics

A: In Bioinformatics the assembly means aligning the sequence of the fragment of a long DNA sequence,…

Q: Discuss what is required for bacterial transformation and its outcomes.

A: Bacterial transformation is a process of horizontal gene transfer by which some bacteria take up…

Q: State the steps involved in isolating an organism of interest for bioremediation or…

A: In the ecological processes of Nature, often microbes have a significant role in environmental…

Q: What is pharmacogenomics, and the role it plays on fast and slow etabolism and how it affects the…

A: Pharmacogenomics is an approach to the advanced medical science which states or aims to define a…

Q: Will genome editing emerge as the safest and most reliablemethod of gene therapy, rendering other…

A: Genome editing is an advanced molecular technique where the DNA sequences are altered through the…

Q: Explain the Importance of protein purification in biotechnology.

A: Introduction Protein purification is a series of processes designed to purify or isolate, a single…

Q: Examine the advantage of DNA based biosensor as compared to enzyme biosensor?

A: Biosensors are the devices that uses biological element along with physiochemical detector to detect…

Q: Define about in vivo gene therapy ?

A: In Vivo gene therapy is the direct administration of gene into patients . It can be administered…

Q: efine gene therapy in detail.

A: Gene therapy is a process that includes inserting a normally functioning gene into a cell to replace…

Q: Explain phase I and II biotransformation reactions in Pharmacology

A: Phase 1 and phase 2 biotransformation reactions

Q: How can site-directed mutagenesis be useful to enzymologists?

A: Mutagenesis is the biological process of changing genetic information or DNA of an organism and that…

Q: What is pharmacogenomics and how might it benefit patient care?

A: Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genes affect a person's response to drugs. This relatively new…

Q: Discuss TRIPS agreement and TRIPS Plus role in public health and innovation in biotechnology

A: The innovations in any field, that can be industrialized should be protected legally from…

Q: Summarize the purpose of phases I through III of a clinical trial.

A: through clinical trials, we check the new treatment and their effectiveness

Q: Using appropriate examples, describe some of the ways thatgenetically engineered microorganisms are…

A: Genetic engineering modifies the genome of organisms.

Q: Briefly discuss pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics

A: Gene therapy is defined as the type of technique where the genetic materials are introduced into the…

Q: Explain why an investigator might want to create aconditional knockout mouse.

A: A conditional Knockout mouse defines an animal model in which a gene of interest can be: inactivated…

Q: Bio-sensor is a device consisting of immobilized layer of biological material such as_______.a)…

A: Science is a term which is used for the study of the subject which is based on the facts and…

Q: Explain theapplication of synthetic biology  ?

A: Synthetic biology is evolving into a biodesign platform where the "design-build-test-iterate (or…

Q: Provide examples of how genetics and genomics can be used to progress drug discovery.

A: effectively a choice between the particular human phenotype can be done the allele that is…

Q: Explain about the enhancement gene therapy ?

A: The genes are the primary unit of life. The nucleotide sequence of the genes are responsible for…

Q: What is the purpose of hydrolyzing the RNA before conducting biochemical tests?

A: Introduction: RNA is a type of nucleic acids that is a genetic material in some viruses.

Q: pharmacogenomics a

A: introduction  Pharmacogenomics is the investigation of what qualities mean for an individual's…

Q: Explain the importance of protein separation and purification for biotech products, like, insulin,…

A: Genes are the key components that play a major role in controlling almost all cellular activities.…

Q: Describe how structural information can be used to assist in drug development.

A: The basic principles of how a new drug is discovered drew emphasis on lead identification, lead…

Q: Describe in vitro mutagenesis and its potential uses.

A: Mutagenesis is the process whereby sudden heritable change occur in the genetic information of an…

Q: Compare gene therapy with use of RNAi as genetic medicines.

A: Numerous Research have initiated  great of efforts to combine most of the exciting and promising…

Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.