How does increasing base, solvent, or alkyl halide or aptly halide + base affect or decreasing them affect the reaction rate for e2/e1 and sn2/sn1? Please provide examples
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How does increasing base, solvent, or
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- Give 3 examples of a reaction mechanism of E1 that follows Zaitsev's rule.Complete the table below indicating what is important in each category for an E1 or E2 reaction. E1 Rate Law Best Solvent Alkene geometry outcome How does electrophile substitution affection the reaction? Does leaving group ability affect the rate? Does base strength affect the rate? Does/how does base type affect product structure? E2Why is this an E1/Sn1 reaction instead of just Sn1?
- Draw the sigma complex for the formation of the bromonium electrophile with proper resonance forms for the meta bromination of toluene and for the para bromination of toluene. Which resonance structure places the (+) next to the methyl group? Will either one (i.e. para and meta sigma complex) yield a fourth resonance structure? Given that alkyl groups such as CH3 are electron rich (i.e. no attached electronegative atoms), which sigma complex in part (A) would be more stable?In an E2 mediated elimination reaction of an alkyl halide (H-X) using NaOCH3 as base, which of the following statement is not true? O The reactivity order for alkyl halides (RX) is tertiary secondary> primary. O The rate of reaction = k2 (alkyl halide] [NaOCH₂] O The reaction occurs in a single step. O The rate is independent of the leaving group.write a nucleophilic substitution product and compare the reaction speed when they react when they react with Br2 in the presence of FeBr3 / CCl4
- Which reaction or statement regarding nucleophilic substitutions is incorrect? A) C₁ + 2 H2O ноттон + 2 HCI B) ta CI+MeOH to + HCI C) D) The rate-limiting step in SN1 reactions is the initial step, loss of the leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reactions that follow second-order kinetics involve complete inversion of configuration.2. Draw the structures and explain why CH3CH₂O and CH3CO₂ are good nucleophiles but CH3SO3, water, and alcohols (R-OH) are poor nucleophiles. Propose a 'cutoff' for the amount of negative charge needed to be a good nucleophile. CH3CH₂O CH3CO₂ CH3SO3 H₂O CH₂OHFor Sn1 and Sn2 reactions, explain why one type of carbon should react faster than others.
- describe the difference between Zaitsev's vs Hoffman's rule by taking the E2 reaction mechanism.a) Free radical bromination is more selective than free radical chlorination. Draw a reaction coordinate diagram for the specific step in the radical chain mechanism that illustrates the source of this selectivity, and explain your reasoning. b) Explain why the bond dissociate energy (BDE) of tert-butane is 95 kcal/mol while the BDE for propane is 99 kcal/mol.Does doubling the concentration of an alkylhalide and maintaining the alkoxide concentration double the reaction rate? What if the alkylhalide concentration is maintained and the alkoxide concentration is doubled?