In a market with a Duopoly, if Market Demand is P=300-Q find the Cournot reaction curves and the Cournot Quantity solutions then deduce the Price in the case where Marginal Costs curves for either of the Duopoly firms is MC₁=q₁+30 and MC₂=q₂+30. Compare your results to the case where a Monopolist that has a MC=Q+30 replaces the Duopoly. What are the Monopoly Quantity and Price? Which quantities are bigger, Cournot or Monopoly? What is the Consumer Surplus in both cases? Set-up the Oligopoly model in a game theoretical prisoner's dilemma framework. Explain briefly the strategies and how you reach the Nash Equilibrium.
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- Cournot duopolists face a market demand curve given by P = 60 – 1/2Q, where Q is total market demand in units. Each firm can produce output at a constant marginal cost of $15/unit. a) What is the equilibrium price and quantity produced by each firm? b) What if the firm's engaged in Bertrand competition? c) What if one of the firms chose its quantity before its competitor? What is the name for this sort of competition? d) Which of the three forms of competition gives the greatest social surplus?Imagine any market divided by 2 Cournot oligopolists who have identical costs Marginal cost = Average cost = 200. About this market, ask yourself: a) If the demand curve for this market is given by Q = 1250 - 2.5P, where Q is the total quantity demanded in the market and P is the selling price, both given in units, what is the reaction curve of the oligopolists? b) What will be the quantity produced and the selling price of the oligopolists? c) A strategist considers that a good marketing campaign would be able to expand the Demand of this market to Q = 1,500 - 2.5P and that in this way, oligopolists could produce the same amount and make significantly greater profits. Such a campaign would generate a reduction in profits in the order of 70,000. Is it worth making this investment in marketing?Profit maximization and loss minimization BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. Suppose that BYOB charges $2.75 per can. Your friend Rajiv says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. Complete the…
- Profit maximization and loss minimization BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MCMC), marginal revenue (MRMR), average total cost (ATCATC), and demand (DD) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. (Graph 1) Suppose that BYOB charges $2.00 per can. Your friend Felix says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $2.25 per can because this will increase BYOB's profit.…A monopolist can produce at a constant average and marginal cost of ATC = MC = $5. It faces a market demand curve given by Q = 53 - P. Suppose there are N firms in the industry, all with the same constant MC = $5. Find the Cournot equilibrium. How much will each firm produce, what will be the market price, and how much profit will each firm earn? Also show that as N becomes large, the market price approaches the price that would prevail under perfect competition. (Hint: your answers will be functions of N)(BONUS)Consider any market that has a demand curve given by: Qd = 240 - 2P. Where Qd is the total quantity demanded in the market, given in millions of units and P is the market price, calculated in monetary units. Imagine that there are 2 Cournot oligopolists operating in this market with Cmg = CVme = 15 and fixed monthly costs equal to 1,400. About this market, ask yourself: a) What is the reaction curve of oligopolists? b) What will be the production of each of the companies? c) What is the selling price practiced by oligopolists? d) What is the profit of each of the oligopolists? e) Imagine that one of the companies managed to implement a process innovation capable of halving its Cmg and CVme, so that they would go from 15 to 7.5. This investment implies an additional monthly expense of $1,800. Discuss the statement: "If this situation occurs, the innovative company will not implement variable cost reduction, as the quantity supplied in the market will increase very little; prices will…
- You are a duopolist producer of a homogeneous good. Both you and your competitor have zero marginal costs. The market demand curve is P=24-Q where Q=Q₁ +Q₂. Q₁ is your output and Q₂ is your competitor's output. Your competitor has also read this book. Total revenue (TR) for your firm will be and total revenue for your competitor's firm will be In turn, marginal revenue (MR) for your firm will be and marginal revenue for your competitor's firm will be TR₁ = (24-Q₁-Q₂)Q₁ minus TR₂ = (24-Q₁-Q₂) Q₂. MR₁ = 24-2Q₁-Q₂ MR₂ = 24-Q₁-2Q₂- Suppose you will play this game only once. If you and your competitor must announce your outputs at the same time, how much will you choose to produce? (Enter all numeric responses rounded to two decimal places.) You will produce units of output. What do you expect your profit to be? Explain. Profit will be $, from Suppose you are told that you must announce your output before your competitor does. How much will you produce in this case, and how much do you…Duopolists following the Bertrand strategy face a market demand curve given by P = 50 - 2Q where Q is total market demand. Each firm can produce output at a constant marginal cost of 5 per unit. How much revenue will each firm make? As you work through the problem, do not do any rounding and report your answer as a decimal.Tom is a monopolist input supplier to Dic and Harry. Tom's marginal cost is 1. Dic and Harry are duopolists with production function q = x1/2. No firm has fixed costs. The demand for the final product is given by Q = 100 – p. a) Assume Dic and Harry buy the input from Tom at price k. What are their cost functions? b) Find the Cournot equilibrium quantities. c) What price, k, should Tom set? -
- BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. 4.00 3.50 Monopoly Outcome 3.00 ATC 2.50 Profit 2.00 Loss 1.50 MC 1.00 0.50 D MR 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) Suppose that BYOB charges $2.75 per can. Your friend Yakov says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a…BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss Suppose that BYOB charges $2.75 per can. Your friend Charles says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. omplete the following table to determine whether Charles is correct.…BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. 4.00 3.50 Monopoly Outcome 3.00 ATC 2.50 Profit 2.00 Loss 1.50 MC 1.00 0.50 D MR 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) PRICE (Dollars per can)