in the plaque assay, what happened during the adsorption phase O the bacteria bound to the agar O the phage bound to the bacteriía O the phage traveled through the agar O the bacteria released the phage
Q: Why would a lab do phage typing rather than molecular typing?
A: In laboratories, various microorganisms including bacteria of a single strain or multiple strains…
Q: Blood agar is a differential medium that will show us a clear zone around a colony of normal flora…
A: A differential medium is made up of chemicals or composition that would help us to determine…
Q: with 9 bands, each with a 'normal thickness' of agar at the base, with different amounts of an…
A: Introduction : Microbes develop ways to protect themselves against the effects of antimicrobials,…
Q: You have conducted serial 10-fold dilutions and measured the cfu (colony forming units) of a…
A: Given information CFU for the bacterial sample= 5 colonies volume of the sample= 0.4 ml Dilution=…
Q: Why must the top agar be supplemented with maltose? A) Maltose allows for binding of the phage to…
A: Plate cultures of bacteriophage are prepared by combining phage with susceptible host cells in top…
Q: On the four compounds testes for antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion assay, a. Which…
A: Antibacterial is an activity performed by any chemical or other compound through which it will the…
Q: Eight mutant bacteriophage strains cannot lyse a certain type of bacteria that can be lysed by…
A: Complementation test is used to determine which genes help each other to get a wild type phenotype.
Q: Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired througha. conjugation.b. transformation.c. transduction.d.…
A: In biotechnology, microbial resistance is defined as the evolution of microbes with protective…
Q: A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of a solution containing bacteriophages. This…
A: They are noncellular entities which have their RNA (ribonucleic acid) or DNA(deoxyribonucleic…
Q: Conjugation depends on direct cell-to-cell contactbetween a donor F+ carrying either a…
A: Conjugation is the process of genetic material transfer between two bacterial cells through direct…
Q: How would you grow a streptomycin-resistant strain E. coli bacteria was spread on both agar plates…
A: Bacterial resistance does have the capacity where bacteria will withstand the effects of antibiotics…
Q: What is the difference between a Clinical Breakpoint and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)?…
A: Answer : Option C is correct :
Q: Eight mutant bacteriophage strains cannot lyse a certain type of bacteria that can be lysed by…
A: Complementation test is used to determine the number of genes present in one complementation group…
Q: You want to subculture your cells from T25 flask to 96-well plates. You first collected your cells…
A: A hemocytometer is an instrument that is commonly used to count the number of cells present in a…
Q: Katelyn had been working for Dr. Johnson for a month, and while she had become quite good at…
A: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections in…
Q: Host DNA is digested into small pieces, which are occasionally assembled with phage proteins,…
A: Co transduction frequency is defined as the term that is used to explain the phenomenon that two…
Q: Assaying virus concentration requires healthy cell cultures. Give possible reasons to account for…
A: Cell cultures are more convenient and less expensive than eggs and animals, are convenient to…
Q: Which of the following experimental techniques was used by Hershey and Chase to establish the…
A: Answer : option 3) Isotope labelling is correct.
Q: Superinfection immunity refers to: O the inability of a temperate phage to infect any bacterial…
A: Superinfection immunity is often linked to lysogeny, and it appears to be a result of the same…
Q: A high-throughput assay is being conducted in a 96 well plate to test compounds for anti-bacterial…
A: It is given that “live clear” which is initially a blue-colored dye, turns clear in the presence of…
Q: Marie diluted her phage lysate from 10° to 109. She completed the titer assay protocol using these…
A: The technique that is used to study the quantity of the viruses, replication, enzymes, etc., is…
Q: Agglutination is used only in vivo. to detect bacterial diseases. often as a substitute for…
A: Agglutination refers to the clumping of cells due to result of aggregation between antigen and…
Q: Scientists proved that two individuals in two identical sanitized rooms have different microbial…
A: The proof that two individuals in two identical rooms have different microbial clouds is provided…
Q: A phage-infected bacterial culture was subjected to a series ofdilutions, and a plaque assay was…
A: Plaque assay is a method for the determination of the presence and number of bacteriophages.…
Q: You are attempting to propagate bacteriophage of Bacillus cereus using a liquid batch culture. A…
A: Bacteriophage : these are the viruses that attack on barterial cells and use them to produce more…
Q: A factor in the zone of inhibition size on the Kirby-Bauer plate is: a. amount of medium placed…
A: Kirby-Bauer test or disk diffusion test is the antibiotic diffusion susceptibility test that helps…
Q: You infect bacteria with two phages during a cis test. This produces a lysate that contains phage…
A: In virology, the plaque assay is done to measure the level of infectivity of the bacteriophages. The…
Q: In an ELISA, which of the following caused a blue color change? O The primary antibody O The…
A: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, or ELISA, is a biochemical procedure used mostly in immunology…
Q: The titer of Lauren's phage is 3.7 X 108 pfu/mL. She diluted her phage lysate 1:10 from 10° to 10-7…
A:
Q: Blood agar contains intact sheep red blood cells which are used to determine if a microbe has the…
A: Blood agar comprises sheep red blood cells, which act as a nutrition as well as a distinguishing…
Q: Requires contact between donor and recipient cells. [ Choose Commonly involves F factor [ Choose…
A: The answers for the above mentioned questions is given in step 2.
Q: Calculate the concentration of bacteriophage in the original culture from the following data. Be…
A: Virus plaque assay is used to calculate the bacteriophage in a sample.
Q: you SE the target ratio of phage to bacteria is 0.1 a pfu/cfu. The bacteria are at a concentration…
A: Option b 2* 104 and o.1ml
Q: phage can be "induced" as a result of DNA damage. Consequences o induction include O Temperate…
A: Viruses that infect bacterial cells are called bacteriophages. Very similar to animal viruses, these…
Q: Antibiotic Zone of Inhibition A 15 mm B O mm 7 mm 15 mm a. Which antibiotic was most effective…
A: Antibiotic sensitivity test is a test is used to evaluate that which antibiotic is best for stopping…
Q: Pick out the medium (i, ii, iii, or iv) onto whichyou would spread cells from a Lac− Met− E.…
A: Mutants of many different types have been identified in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans.…
Q: What happens if you dont' add maltose in the molten top agar when performing an plaque assay? What…
A: Introduction Plaque assay is a microbiology technique performed to quantify the viral…
Q: C. dif bacteria are often resistant to antibiotics. What is another possible treatment? How would…
A: - Clostridium difficile is a gram positive bacteria, often caused by previous exposure to…
Q: Which of the following is NOT a direct transfer method for introduction of foreign DNA into the…
A: By the process of genetic transformation or cloning, a foreign DNA or gene can be introduced within…
Q: he bacteria which is novobiocin resistant is
A: The Novobiocin test is used to distinguish coagulase-negative staphylococci and to identify…
Q: True or False? A conjugative R plasmid permits a living bacterial donor to transfer antibiot…
A: An extrachromosomal circular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is called a plasmid. It can replicate…
Q: Ashu did a titer assay with her phage lysate. She started with 100µL of phage lysate (10) and did 7…
A:
Q: What is the vaccine delivery system used in the Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine? O Fentanyl patches O…
A: Moderna COVID-19 vaccine is messenger RNA vaccine. It is also called mRNA vaccine.
Q: STEP 1 YFP Trarsfect into ouilts STEP 2 Epitope-tagged protain (ancoded by eDNA) STEP 3 Lyse calls…
A: Protein is a polymer formed from amino acid joined by peptide bond. It is abundantly found in the…
Q: In an indirect ELISA what does the secondary antibody do (i.e, what purpose does it serve)?
A: ELISA or Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay is a technique that quantifies and detects soluble…
Q: Luciferase (RLU) (RLU) Infectivity (RLU) VSV-G SF162 LAPTMS LAPTM5 Mock AD8 LAPTMS Mock Mock 89.6…
A: The Vif, Nef, and Vpu are the accessory proteins produced by HIV-1 that counteract the inhibitory…
Q: The other question is, how many CT value differences is acceptable for duplication?
A: qPCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction) is a quantitative method of determining the amount of…
Q: A plaque assay is an effective way to determine the concentration of lysogenic phage in a solution.…
A: Virus is a microscopic organism which contains a protective coat and the nucleic acid. It doesn’t…
Q: The disc diffusion assay measuring a disinfectant's effectiveness against a microorganism is more…
A: An antibiotic is a chemical substance that prevents the growth of bacteria. An antibiotic can be of…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Jm109 cells transformed with ligation and plasmid alone is used. The colonies most like: white blue light blue No colonies6 What is the purpose of the control prepared in step #9 above? EXERC 7 You dilute your bacteriophage for plating 10-6. You mix 0.1 ml of the bacteriophage dilution with 0.3 ml of bacteria and plate with top agar. The next day you count your plaques. You get 46 pfu is the final concentration (pfu/ml) of the phage stock? at this dilution. WhatA amp PBR322 4301 fot B Clear Zones Figure 2 The postgraduate student, Demika, inserted her gene of interest into the plasmid, pBR322, before transformation into the competent host cell using heat shock method. After that she cultured the cells on the Ampicillin agar plate before replica plating the colonies onto another Ampicillin (A) and Tetracycline (B) agar plates shown in Figure 2. (1) Referring to the vector pBR322 in Figure 2, which recognition site was cleaved to insert the gene of interest? Based on the observation above, can you identify which colonies are carrying positive mcombinants of BR322? Explain your selection.
- Superinfection immunity refers to: O the inability of a temperate phage to infect any bacterial lysogen O the inability of a temperate phage to undergo the lytic life cycle after existing as a prophage the inability of a lytic phage to infect any bacterial lysogen O a bacterial lysogen being unable to be infected by similar, closely related phages2 3 inte tion of Lormhda. ne att si ucated betwee de ne att sites and go ns one te n vacter aged ot utilize doot ractose ato la t don s gal* uc Integration to form prophage om SOward cor coct some cro on! ni imple ex 2 3 bio* gal* 14. The figure provided portrays the integration of Lambda phage into a host chromosome at the att site, located between the gal+ and bio+ genes. This prophage may disintegrate from the host carrying with it host genes, such as gal+ and/or bio+ and go on to transduce another host bacterium. How would one determine if a gal- host bacterium's phenotype was changed from gal- to gal+? To clarify, the minus version cannot utilize galactose as a carbon source for growth because it does not produce galactase, the enzyme that hydrolyzes galactose into monomeric sugars. There is a straight forward answer/solution to this – do not concoct some crazy solution! Think simple experiment.Select all that may apply. What is the purpose of incubating the lambda phage/E.coli mixture at room temperature for 20min? Incubation at room temperature inactivates the cI repressor. During incubation at room temperature the lambda phage will enter the lytic cycle. Incubation at room temperature allows for the absorption of lambda phage Incubation at room temperature will allow the lambda phage to remain in the lysogenic cycle.
- A phage-infected bacterial culture was subjected to a series ofdilutions, and a plaque assay was performed in each case, withthe following results. What conclusion can be drawn in the caseof each dilution? Dilution Factor Assay Results(a) 104 All bacteria lysed(b) 106 14 plaques(c) 108 0 plaquesphage can be "induced" as a result of DNA damage. Consequences of induction include. Temperate phage, e.g lambda phage; lytic cycle and transduction Lytic T4 phage, assembly, conjugation O Lytic phage, e.g. T4 phage; lysogenic cycle, prophage formation Temperate phage, e.g. lambada phage, prophage formation, transformation O T4 phage, lytic cycle, specialized trasnductionLambda phage çan facilitate bacterial chemosomal DNA transfer through the process of specialized transduction / generalized transduction (copy and paste the correct answer) A by transferring specific bacterial DNA / bacterial DNA at random (copy and paste the correct answer) A from a donor cell / recipient cell (copy and paste the correct answer) A to a donor cell / recipient cell (copy and paste the correct answer).
- Besides heat shock method, elaborate another procedure commonly used for transformation vector a host cell. of a plasmid intoIn a plaque assay, a phage has undergone _________ cycle when plaques are observed on the agar lawn post- incubation. What is the answer on the blank?The strain of λ phage t is cI857. That tells you that the cI DNA segment is disabled by a specific mutation. What is the exact genetic change in cI857? What specific property of the cI gene product does this mutation change, and how does this help titering for a plaque assay?