INU Printing Press, a part of a university undertakes printing jobs from different departments of the University. The press can take printing-related orders from other organizations or individuals also, but this is a rare practice. Orders once placed cannot be canceled. Any financial transactions of the various departments with the printing press are done through the University Office only. The University Office maintains the accounts of the press and the various departments of the University. The press acquires its inventory from outside suppliers. This is done by accepting the quotations from various suppliers and placing orders respectively. They maintain information of vendors/suppliers for the raw materials. A supplier can supply more than one item and an item can be supplied by more than one supplier. The supplier may supply the item in parts. Stock for a particular item can be acquired more than once a year. The suppliers send two copies of the invoice to the printing press, of which one is forwarded to the University Office. The press makes payment to the suppliers after obtaining approval from the University Office. The department places printing-related order with the press and depending on the inventory, the press is entitled to give a response specifying whether the order will be fulfilled immediately or in the near future. Each department is assigned a budget at the beginning of the year, which becomes an important factor while getting any concession or discount from the press. Once the order is accepted, it has to go through various printing processes for its completion. However, these processes or the sequencing are not mandatory as a job or task may need different processing or handling. The various processes are: Composing Pasting Plate making Printing Binding At the completion of the first copy, it is sent to the department for approval, which when received initiates the completion of the order. For the completion of the order, the press maintains a document known as a costing sheet which specifies what all processes were applied and the inventory used for the completion of a particular order. This document is important in generating the bill. 3 delivery challans are sent along with the items; one being kept in the press, the second being given to the department and the third being sent to the University Office by the press. The invoice is not sent with the items, but it is sent at a later date due to the complexity involved in preparing it. Two invoices are sent to the department; of which one is forwarded to the University Office by the department. Summary of transactions as well as reports related to the printing press, are sent to the University Office on a regular basis. These reports or summary is useful to the management for analyzing their current budget and planning accordingly for the future budget. Q.1.1: Draw a Context diagram for INU Printing Press?
Question 1: Case Description
INU Printing Press, a part of a university undertakes printing jobs from different departments of the University. The press can take printing-related orders from other organizations or individuals also, but this is a rare practice. Orders once placed cannot be canceled. Any financial transactions of the various departments with the printing press are done through the University Office only. The University Office maintains the accounts of the press and the various departments of the University. The press acquires its inventory from outside suppliers. This is done by accepting the quotations from various suppliers and placing orders respectively. They maintain information of vendors/suppliers for the raw materials. A supplier can supply more than one item and an item can be supplied by more than one supplier. The supplier may supply the item in parts. Stock for a particular item can be acquired more than once a year. The suppliers send two copies of the invoice to the printing press, of which one is forwarded to the University Office. The press makes payment to the suppliers after obtaining approval from the University Office. The department places printing-related order with the press and depending on the inventory, the press is entitled to give a response specifying whether the order will be fulfilled immediately or in the near future. Each department is assigned a budget at the beginning of the year, which becomes an important factor while getting any concession or discount from the press. Once the order is accepted, it has to go through various printing processes for its completion. However, these processes or the sequencing are not mandatory as a job or task may need different processing or handling. The various processes are:
Composing
Pasting
Plate making
Printing
Binding
At the completion of the first copy, it is sent to the department for approval, which when received initiates the completion of the order. For the completion of the order, the press maintains a document known as a costing sheet which specifies what all processes were applied and the inventory used for the completion of a particular order. This document is important in generating the bill.
3 delivery challans are sent along with the items; one being kept in the press, the second being given to the department and the third being sent to the University Office by the press. The invoice is not sent with the items, but it is sent at a later date due to the complexity involved in preparing it. Two invoices are sent to the department; of which one is forwarded to the University Office by the department.
Summary of transactions as well as reports related to the printing press, are sent to the University Office on a regular basis. These reports or summary is useful to the management for analyzing their current budget and planning accordingly for the future budget.
Q.1.1: Draw a Context diagram for INU Printing Press?
Q.1.2: Draw a Level 1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for the above case study?
Q.1.3: Draw a Level 2 DFD for the Order Registration Process, Press Production Process, Inventory Process, and Billing Process?
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