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- 4. Consider a binary alloy of A atoms and B atoms that can exist in a solid phase or a liquid phase. This alloy can also exist in TWO DIFFERENT PHASES SIMULTANEOUSLY: solid and liquid. The system is composed of one mole of atoms, some of which are A atoms and some of which are B atoms. Take GA and GB as the molar Gibbs free energy of pure A and pure B respectively. XA and XB are the molar fractions of A and B atoms respectively. The atoms crystallize in identical crystal structures when they are solid. (d) Consider the circumstance where the solid and the liquid co-exist. (i) Draw schematically the molar Gibbs free energy of the solid and the molar Gibbs free energy of the liquid for this phase. Label on the y-axis a point (XB) that is in the mixed solid and liquid state. (ii) At the composition XB, label with number 1 the Gibbs free energy of the liquid state, with number 2 the Gibbs free energy of the solid state…The enthalpy of sublimation of calcium at 25 °c is 178.2 kJ mol- 1.How much energy (at constant temperature and pressure) must be supplied as heat to 5.0 g of solid calcium to produce a plasma (a gas of charged particles) composed of Ca2+ ions and electrons?1. Which, if any of the following, constitute a closed system?(a) A sealed container in which a chemical reaction occurs.(b) A dog.(c) An open beaker in the lab, in which a reaction occurs.(d) A mixture of gases inside a sealed impenetrable balloon. 2. What is the definition of an isolated system? How could you approximate anisolated system in the lab?
- Consider the dissolution of NaBr and NaI. The values provided here will be helpful for answering the following questions. ΔH∘solnΔHsoln∘ (kJ/mol) ΔS∘solnΔSsoln∘ Jmol•KNaBr –0.860 57.0NaI –7.50 74.0 Write a balanced equilibrium equation for the dissolution of NaI in water. Include phases. Which of the following explains why the entropy change is greater for the dissolution of NaI compared to the dissolution of NaBr?Choose one: A. The interactions between bromide ions with other bromide ions is stronger than the interactions between iodide ions with other iodide ions. B. The cation forms stronger ion-dipole networks with water in NaBr than NaI because of the weaker bond to Br.C. The more negative change in enthalpy observed with NaI implies greater dissociation and hence greater entropy.D. Iodide has weaker ion-dipole interactions with…Calculate the delta H for the following balanced equation using the values in the Thermodynamic Properties Table: 2CH3OH(l)+3O2(g)-->2CO2(g)+4H2O(g)Use the data found in the Thermodynamic Values link under Reference Materials to calculate AH° and AS° at 25 °C for N2 (g) + 3 H₂ (g) → 2 NH3(g) Although the AH° and AS° values do change slightly with temperature, assume that the change is not large enough to significantly affect the outcome of the following calculation. Use the AH° and AS° values to determine the temperature (in K) at which this reaction will become nonspontaneous. Enter a number - no units.
- A 65.0 g piece of gold at 650 K is dropped into 162 g of H2O(l) at 298 K in an insulated container at 1 bar pressure. CP,m for Au and H2O at 298 K are 25.4 and 75.3 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1, respectively. Calculate the temperature of the system once equilibrium has been reached. Assume that CP,m for Au and H2O are constant at their values for 298 K throughout the temperature range of interest.Consider the reactionI2(g) + Cl2(g)2ICl(g)Using the standard thermodynamic data in the tables linked above, calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 298.15K.how does the equilibrium exist between the phases of a substance?
- The 1980s saw reports of ΔfH⦵(SiH2) ranging from 243 to 289 kJ mol−1. If the standard enthalpy of formation is uncertain by this amount, by what factor is the equilibrium constant for the formation of SiH2 from its elements uncertain at (a) 298 K, (b) 700 K?Explain The Concept of Chemical Potential?Consider the dissolution of NaBr and NaI. The values provided here will be helpful for answering the following questions. ΔH∘solnΔHsoln∘ (kJ/mol) ΔS∘solnΔSsoln∘ $$Jmol•K NaBr –0.860 57.0 NaI –7.50 74.0 Write a balanced equilibrium equation for the dissolution of NaI in water. Include phases. Calculate the change in free energy if 0.575 moles of NaI is dissolved in water at 25.0°C. What is the dissolution of 1.00 mol of NaBr at 298.15 K?