line on July 12, 2017. According to statistics from the Ministry of Health, there were 2,268 ses in 2011, and this number has steadily climbed to 8,291 cases in 2015. Assuming you are environmentalist tasked with investigating this issue, provide a few strategies capable of ducing the above biological pollution in the future.
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- The large intestine contains bacteria, such as E.coli, that synthesize vitamin K and some B vitamins and absorbed into the bloodstream. Answer the following questions: 1. Describe the type of symbiosis best represented by E.coli and human large intestine. 2. When can E.coli become potentially pathogenic (disease-causing)? Explain briefly.Write a 1-2 paragraph case study that accurately depicts the disease caused by Clostridium Botulinum. If your organism is transmitted in a specific location or under certain circumstances be sure your patient has been to those locations or engaged in those behaviors that would lead to transmission Have the appropriate timeline in terms of incubation and length of illness. Cover the important symptoms. You do not have to give all possible symptoms, just the typical one. Provide some important laboratory test results without stating the name of your microorganism. Provide the Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Laboratory Tests, Treatment and Prevention.Please select all of the statements that apply to chlamydial infections. (NOTE: Please change all question marks to checkmarks for correct answers or empty boxes for incorrect answers.) Check All That Apply Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, a rod-shaped bacterium. Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, a rod-shaped bacterium. Causative agent is an obligate intracellular parasite. Causative agent is an obligate intracellular parasite. Causative agent has two forms: elementary body and reticulate body. Causative agent has two forms: elementary body and reticulate body. Causative agent has two stages: cercaria and miracidium. Causative agent has two stages: cercaria and miracidium. Newborn babies of infected mothers can develop chlamydial eye infections.
- Write at least one paragraph about the prevention and control of the following parasites: EXAMPLE: Entamoeba histolytica (fecal-oral route of transmission). Plasmodium spp. (transmitted by vector bite). Enterovirus vermicularis (fecal-oral route and autoinfection) Schistosoma haematobium (Skin penetration after water contact) Taenia seginata (ingestion of contaminated food) Ancylostoma duodenale (skin contact with soil)Five human infections (or resulting diseases) are presented below. For each one, find three matching terms from the associated word bank (see below). Some terms can be used more than once. Each term should be used at least once. 1. Pneumocystis pneumonia in advanced AIDS patient 2. Plague originating in a bite from Yersinia pestis-infected rat flea 3. Undiagnosed Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung infection 4. Infection of meninges caused by Neisseria meningitidis 5. Digestive tract infection with the water pathogen Vibrio cholerae WORD BANK Acute Infection Chronic Infection Asymptomatic infection Secondary infection Zoonotic Infection Airborne Infection Bacteremia Viremia Contact transmission Vehicle transmission Vector transmission Opportunistic pathogen Breaching of the blood-brain barrier Non-living reservoirAccording to the recent malaria report of the Department of Health, Disease and Prevention Bureau (2022), there are 4, 251 confirmed cases of malaria in the Philippines and majority of the cases are due to Plasmodium falciparum. P. falciparum life cycle includes gametocytes that will aid the parasite to reproduce sexually in its anopheline vectors. Examine Figure 2 below. Provide three (3) qualitative descriptions of the P. falciparum gametocyte. Write your answers in a complete sentence. Fig. 2.. Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte in thin blood smear (CDC, 2022)
- Answer all of the following true or false questions: True / False: Choose the answer that best fits each statement. The presence of Escherichia coli in water is used as an indication of fecal contamination. The Vibrio species are characterized as being curved, gram negative bacteria with polar flagella. Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Mycoplasma are all obligate intracellular parasites. Neisseria, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus are all gram-positive cocci. Tetanus, botulism, and diphtheria are diseases caused by gram positive, soil-dwelling, spore- forming rods. Most togaviruses are transmitted to humans via insect bites. The reason why dogs do not get measles is because their cells lack the correct receptor sites for that virus. Glycoprotein spikes are found on the capsids of viruses. A naked virus lacks a capsid. The polioviruses and hepatitis A virus are transmitted by contaminated food or water. Staphylococcus grows best in a high salt environment.…Answer the following questions in complete sentences and paragraphs. Draw the diagram by hand: Diagram the 5 step pathogenesis cycle for coli O157:H7, an extracellular, intestinal pathogen acquired by consuming contaminated food/water. Be sure to include the role of exoenzymes and the Shiga exotoxin in your diagram. Explain the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes. Be sure to include temperature regulation, intracellular growth, and at risk groups in your discussion.Imagine a newly developed drug that is highly lethal against all stages in the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. The drug has been found to be safe and effective both for human and for veterinary use. Although the drug can eliminate infection in both humans and cats, its use in humans will have vey little impact on overall prevalence of human toxoplasmosis. Its use in cats, alternatively, could, at least in theory, reduce prevalence in both humans and cats. Explain this difference.
- In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosawas found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. unit. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. Explain how presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. Would infection from this pathogenic species be considered a primary or opportunistic?Using the Koch's Postulates, support the findings that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Specifically, you have to provide brief narratives/pictures/proofs and sources that support the postulate listed below: The organism must be isolated from the newly infected animals and cultured again in the laboratory, after which it should be seen to be the same as the original organism.Read the following two statements about C.difficile outbreaks and answer the questions given below. “Between December 2007 and May 2008 there was a C.difficile outbreak in a UK hospital, where 55 patients were infected and there were 28 mortalities.” “A relatively recent survey discovered that 41% of all reported C.difficile cases were not hospital based infections, but originated in the local community.” Compare three main risk factors for MRSA and C.difficile and explain how they increase the risk of infection from these bacteria.