Match the following statements to the type of gene they describe. ✓Encode proteins that promote cell cycle progression ✓Encode proteins that regulate cell cycle checkpoints ✓Mutations are loss-of-function and recessive ✓Mutations are gain-of-function and dominant ✓RB1 is an example of this type of gene A.proto-oncogene B.tumor suppressor gene

Match the following statements to the type of gene they describe. ✓Encode proteins that promote cell cycle progression ✓Encode proteins that regulate cell cycle checkpoints ✓Mutations are loss-of-function and recessive ✓Mutations are gain-of-function and dominant ✓RB1 is an example of this type of gene A.proto-oncogene B.tumor suppressor gene

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter12: Genes And Cancer

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15QP: Which of the following mutations will result in cancer? a. homozygous recessive mutation in a...

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Protein N, normally inactivates a tumor suppressor protein. Consider a cell with a mutation in one allele such that protein N is nonfunctional, while the other allele of gene N is wild-type. Which of the following is true for this cell? Gene N is a tumor suppressor gene, and the phenotype of the cell is not transformed. Gene N is a proto-oncogene, and the phenotype of the cell is transformed. Gene N is a tumor suppressor gene, and the phenotype of the cell is transformed. Gene N is a proto-oncogene, and the phenotype of the cell is not transformed.
Match each definition with the corresponding term concerning genes involved in tumor formation. Proto-oncogenes Oncogenes Tumor suppressor genes Haploinsufficiency Answer Bank a gene whose function drives uncontrolled cell division and tumorigenesis a gene regulating cell division that can be mutated into a tumorigenic form a gene that protects a cell from progressing toward cancer a condition in which a single copy of a gene fails to produce enough gene product for normal function
Discuss the complete cell cycle in a human cell, mitosis and meiosis, and the regulatory components (i.e. the proteins associated with cellular checkpoints) of the cell cycle. Tumor growth results when the cell cycle checkpoints are ignored. Give an example of how tumor growth could result from either a loss-of-function or a gain-of-function mutation.
The best strategy for treating a specific type of human tumor can depend on identifying the type of cell that became cancerous to give rise to the tumor. For some tumors that have colonized a distant location (metastasized), identifying the parental cell type can be difficult. Because the type of IF protein expressed is cell-type-specific, using monoclonal antibodies that react with only one type of IF protein can help in this identification. What IF proteins would you produce monoclonal antibodies against to identify (a) a sarcoma of muscle cell origin, (b) an epithelial cell carcinoma, and (c) an astrocytoma (glial cell tumor)?
Compare and contrast oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Contrast oncogenes and proto-oncogenes. Describe the types of mutations that convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes. Summarize some functions of common oncogenes in cell survival and uncontrolled growth. Contrast tumor suppressors to oncogenes. Describe the types of mutations in tumor suppressors that are found in common cancers. Summarize the functions of common tumor suppressors in cell survival and cell growth.
Define the following terms: tumor, neoplasia, anaplasia, metastasis, proto-oncogene, oncogene, and tumor suppressor gene.
"In the cellular regulatory pathways that control cell growth and proliferation, the products of oncogenes are stimulatory components and the products of tumor suppressor genes are inhibitory components" is true or false.
Tissues and differentiation a)Explain what is meant by termination and differentiation ).b) Explain the difference between an oncogenic and a tumour suppressor gene and describe how they are involved in the onset of cancer
D. What is the best term for a normal INK gene? (tumor suppressor) (inactive tumor suppressor) (oncogene) (proto-oncogene) (oncogene or tumor suppressor) (beats me). E. Suppose you have cells that have permanently active ink protein as in C. The cells also have permanently active E2F or permanently active ras. (Consult texts or handouts for roles of E2F and ras.) E-1. If your cells have active E2F and active ink, then your cells should (grow normally) (fail to grow) grow uncontrollably) (can't predict). E-2. If your cells have active ras and active ink, then your cells should (grow normally) (fail to grow) grow uncontrollably) (can't predict).
1. a)Proteins that stimulate/promote progression through the cell cycle are encoded by (oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes). Boldface one. b)Proteins that inhibit progression through the cell cycle are encoded by (oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes). Boldface one. c)What is the difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene? d)To cause cancer, proto-oncogenes require (1 or 2)allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered (dominant or recessive). The mutation results in a (loss or gain) of function. For each underlined pair, boldface one. e)To cause cancer, tumor suppressor genes require (1 or 2)allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered (dominant or recessive). The mutation results in a (loss or gain) of function. For each underlined pair, boldface one.
Tissues and differentiation: a) Explain what is meant by determination and differentiation b) Explain the difference between an oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene and describe how they are involved in the development of cancer
The Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. The HPV E6 and E7 proteins govern the cell via altering cellular proteins. The E6 protein interacts with the tumor suppressor protein p53 and directs its ubiquitin-mediated destruction. Can you elaborate about the P63 gene: its function and if it can be altered/mutated by HPV? If it does, what is the relationship between P53 and P63? Thank you!