Q2. a. Explain briefly the known criteria upon which the classification of Production Systems are based. b. List and briefly explain all five (5) types of Production Systems.
Classification of production systems is shown below
The production system can be classified into two main categories- Intermittent and continuous systems. Criteria based on which this classification is done is explained below.
Intermittent systems: In the intermittent manufacturing method, products are manufactured depending on customer's orders. This products are manufactured on a small scale. The output flow is erratic (irregular). In other words, the production flow is not continuous. Wide varieties of products are produced in this method. These products are of various shapes and sizes. The design of these products continues to evolve based on demand. As a consequence, this system is very versatile.
Characteristics of intermittent system are:
- The flow of production is not continuous
- Wide range of products are produced.
- The capacity of production is small.
- General-purpose machines are used for production.
- The sequence of operation is based on the product and it keeps on changing
- The quantity, size, shape, design, etc. of the product are based on customer order.
Continuous systems: Continuous means anything that runs consistently without any irregularities or repeated pauses. In the continuous production system, goods are continuously produced according to the forecast of demand. Goods are manufactured on a broad scale for storage and distribution. They are not manufactured on the orders of the consumer. Here, inputs and outputs are standardised along with manufacturing methods and sequences.
Characteristic of continuous system are:
- The flow of production is continuous.
- The products are standardized.
- The products are produced on desired quality standards.
- The products are produced in anticipation of demand.
- Standardized routing sheets and schedules are prepared
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