QUESTION 22 Which of these keywords is used to refer to a member of a base class from a subclass? O power super this upper QUESTION 23 Which of the following is true about abstract classes? Note that if a class can be sub-classed, this simply means that it can be derived from. O Abstract classes can only contain abstract methods. They cannot be sub-classed. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated, but they can be sub-classed. Abstract classes can only contain abstract methods. They can be sub-classed. Abstract classes can be instantiated, but they cannot be sub-classed.
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- QUESTION 2 In object oriented programming, inheritance improves code readability and maintenance by allowing new classes to re-use existing classes. Use inheritance to solve the following problem: A: A Car is a Vehicle and has a name, a max_speed value and a number_of_cylinders attribute that specifies the number of cylinders in the car's engine. - Add accessor and mutator methods to get and set the values of the class attributes. - Attributes of the car objects are initialized at the time when the object is created. - When a car object is printed, its name, max_speed and number_of_cylinders are shown. B: An Airplane is also a Vehicle and has a name, a max_speed value and a number_of engines attribute that specifies the number of jet engines the airplane has. - Add accessor and mutator methods to get and set the values of the class attributes. - Attributes of the airplane objects are initialized at the time when the object is created. - When an airplane object is printed, its name,…Introduction to Java Programming Fictional Characters In this homework, you will implement 4 classes using inheritance. Character is going to a be the superclass of 3 fictional character classes (elves, dwarves, giants, vampires, zombies, centaurs, dragons etc. ) of your choosing. Each subclass should have at least two constructors and two extra properties of their own and getters/setters. Each subclass should also override printlnfo() and quote() functions, they are all left to your imagination. printinfo(): Prints all the properties of the character including the extra properties of subclasses. "This character is an X its current age is 2. Xs have a lifespan of 5 years. They usually live in swamps. They can have blue or pink spots, this character has pink spots. This characters likes to eat purple vegetables." quote(): Prints out a sound the character makes, or a phrase the character says if the character is able to speak. "I do like purple vegetables a lot, they compliment my…Question 6 Match the following: A constructor methods A class that contains no methods (other than constructors) that change any of the data in its object method name B. v modifier means that there are no restrictions on where an instance variable or method can be used c Accessor methods y hiding implementation details is done by marking data and methods as D Call-by-reference When we call a method in Java using class type parameters E Immutable class v Overloading is achieved when two or more methods in the same class have the same E Public G, private H method signatures
- Association Relationships in Java Using the revised UML Class diagram Resto Fun Final i posted, continuedeveloping the Resto Fun system by modifying class definitions Create an Order class to break the Many-To-Many relationship between Customer and Item. Thisis a Relationship Class, a class that contains information on the association between to classes.Implement the relationship WaitsOn between Waiter and Customer, knowing that therelationship indicates that this is a One-to-Many relationship mandatory in both ends, i.e., awaiter must wait on a customer and a customer must be waited on by a waiter.Implement the relationship Orders between Customer (Table) and Item, another One-to-Many,since there are many Items a Customers can order, but each Item ordered is for one customeronly.Implement the Add relationship between Order and Item. Include a method to assign the Orderto a Customer before you start adding Items to the Order! There is enough information now to implement the…Which of the following is true about abstract classes? Note that if a class can be sub-classed, this simply means that it can be derived from. Abstract classes can only contain abstract methods. They cannot be sub-classed. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated, but they can be sub-classed. Abstract classes can only contain abstract methods. They can be sub-classed. Abstract classes can be instantiated, but they cannot be sub-classed. Which one is a valid declaration of a char variable? char c1 = 'c'; char c1 = "c"; String c1 = 'c'; char c1 = c;QUESTION 16 What must be true of a class with one abstract method? O The class must also implement the Iterable interface Any derived class must implement the method The abstract method must have the static modifier O The method cannot specify a return value QUESTION 17 Suppose we wanted to design a set of classes for a veterinarian's office. Our Customer class looks like this: public class Customer { Pet [] pets; } Select all the statements that are true Once the size of the pets array has been set, it cannot be changed Because we're using an array, all pets must be the same A customer must have at least one pet We also need to declare a Pet class QUESTION 18 What is the proper use of an enumeration? To define a set of ordered values To enforce the use of the Comparable interface O To define, or enumerate, the values returned by a Random object generator O To define the classes in an inheritance hierarchy
- Analysis: Q1: There are common attributes and methods between passengers and drivers. What is the best choice for designing and writing the codes of these two classes? Explain your answer. Q2: Draw a simple class diagram showing only relationships between the classes. Implementation: After analysing the given requirements, implement the required application: with Object Oriented Programming style following the rules of good programming style (e.g. adding comments, etc.) • using only the material covered in M251 (and its prerequisites) Java language*Instructions: Abstract Superclass Shape and Its Concrete Subclasses Implement the superclass Shape and its subclasses Circle, Rectangle and Square, as shown in the class diagram. Implement Unit Tests for the all classes except the abstract Shape class. In this exercise, Shape shall be defined as an abstract class, which contains: Two protected instance variables color(String) and filled(boolean). The protected variables can be accessed by its subclasses and classes in the same package. They are denoted with a '#' sign in the class diagram. Getter and setter for all the instance variables, and toString(). Two abstract methods getArea() and getPerimeter() (shown in italics in the class diagram). The subclasses Circle and Rectangle shall override the abstract methods getArea() and getPerimeter() and provide the proper implementation. They also override the toString(). Run a test class to test these statements involving polymorphism and explain the outputs with comments inside the file…What is the difference between equals() and == ? == looks to see if they are identical objects whereas equals() matches the content of the objects. equals() looks to see if they are identical objects whereas == matches the content of the objects. equals() and | == are used to match the content of objects, so no difference. equals() is used to match string objects whereas == is used to match all objects. O O O O
- PurposeTo review abstract classes and polymorphismDirectionsThe total cost of a group of items at a grocery store is based on the sum of the individual product prices and the tax (which is 5.75%). Products that are considered “necessities” are not taxed, whereas products that are considered “luxuries” are. For this practice problem you will need to download Shopping Trip Starting Code.zip from Pilot.The Product class is abstract, and it has a method called getTotalPrice. Your task is to create two subclasses of Product: NecessaryProduct and LuxuryProduct and implement the getTotalPrice method in each of these classes appropriately. Then modify the driver program to instantiate four…When would you be most likely to use an abstract class? when you need to derive a class from Object when every method in the class is concrete when you need a super class that should not be instantiated when you need a super class that can be instantiated alongside the derived classes =========== Which UML symbol represents aggregation? a filled triangle an unfilled diamond an unfilled triangle a filled diamondMake 3 choices. Which of the following are incorrect? Select 3 correct answer(s) An abstract class contains constructors. The constructors in an abstract class should be protected. The constructors in an abstract class are private. You may declare a final abstract class. An interface may contain constructors.